tb tugas radiologi
TRANSCRIPT
REFERAT TB
RADIOLOGI
Epidemiologi
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis telah menginfeksi sepertiga penduduk dunia.
• TBC menjadi penyebab kematian utama, hingga dua juta orang pada tahun 1990. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh : (1) program pengendalian penyakit yang tidak adekuat. (2) Multiple Drug Resistance (MDR). (3) co-infection dengan HIV. (4) Peningkatan jumlah penduduk, terutama dewasa muda yang merupakan kelompok umur dengan mortalitas tertinggi dari tuberkulosis.
• Berdasarkan Global Tuberculosis Control Tahun 2009 (data tahun 2007) prevalensi semua tipe TB sebesar 244 per 100.000 penduduk atau sekitar 565.614 kasus semua tipe TB
• insidensi semua tipe TB sebesar 228 per 100.000 penduduk atau sekitar 528.063 kasus semua tipe TB
• Insidensi kasus baru TB BTA Positif sebesar 102 per 100.000 penduduk atau sekitar 236.029 kasus baru TB Paru BTA Positif
• kematian TB 39 per 100.000 penduduk atau 250 orang per hari.
Definisi
• Tuberkulosis paru (TB) adalah suatu penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh basil Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Klasifikasi
Paru Ekstra paru
BTA + BTA -
Organ Pengobatan
Ringan
Berat
PATOGENESIS
Primer Post Primer
Diagnosis
Klinis
Bakteriologis
Radiologis
Chest x ray (posterior–anterior) view showing significant findings.
Bansal M et al. BMJ Case Reports 2009;2009:bcr.04.2009.1823
©2009 by BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
Sputum culture-positive TB in an 82-year-old Asian woman.
Leung A N Radiology 1999;210:307-322
©1999 by Radiological Society of North America
Atypical distribution of postprimary TB in a 62-year-old man.
Leung A N Radiology 1999;210:307-322
©1999 by Radiological Society of North America
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Pattern of alveolar infiltrate, acute, with confluent small ill-defined densities, and after healing.
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Chronic Bronchitis. The magnified view shows the irregular bronchovascular structures (arrow heads).
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QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
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are needed to see this picture.
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QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
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are needed to see this picture.
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Postprimary pattern of TB in a 54-year-old Hispanic man.
Leung A N Radiology 1999;210:307-322©1999 by Radiological Society of North America
Chest radiograph obtained in a 3-year-old Hispanic boy shows mediastinal and right hilar lymphadenopathy.
Leung A N Radiology 1999;210:307-322©1999 by Radiological Society of North America
Chest radiograph obtained in a 7-month-old Hispanic boy shows right paratracheal lymphadenopathy (straight arrow) with multilobar consolidation predominating in the right
lung.
Leung A N Radiology 1999;210:307-322©1999 by Radiological Society of North America
Chest radiograph obtained in a 4-year-old boy shows right hilar lymphadenopathy (arrow) associated with right upper lobe consolidation.
Leung A N Radiology 1999;210:307-322©1999 by Radiological Society of North America
Chest radiograph obtained in a 19-year-old woman shows a large right-sided pleural effusion (curved arrows) associated with right hilar lymphadenopathy (straight arrows).
Leung A N Radiology 1999;210:307-322©1999 by Radiological Society of North America
Atypical distribution of postprimary TB in a 62-year-old man.
Leung A N Radiology 1999;210:307-322©1999 by Radiological Society of North America
Close-up radiographic view of the upper lung zones in a 56-year-old Hispanic man shows ill-defined parenchymal opacities (white arrows) associated with nodular and linear
components in the periphery of the bilateral upper lobes.
Leung A N Radiology 1999;210:307-322©1999 by Radiological Society of North America
Postprimary pattern of TB in a 54-year-old Hispanic man.
Leung A N Radiology 1999;210:307-322©1999 by Radiological Society of North America
Postprimary pattern of TB in a 54-year-old Hispanic man.
Leung A N Radiology 1999;210:307-322©1999 by Radiological Society of North America
Penatalaksanaan
• Menyembuhkan penderita
• Mencegah kekambuhan
• Menurunkan tingkat penularan
• Mencegah kematian
OAT
• Kategori 1 (2RHZE/4R3H3)
• Kategori 2 (2RHZES/1RHZE/5H3R3E3)• Kategori 3 ( 2RHZE/4RH atau 6 RHE)
• Kategori 4 ( RHZES/ sesuai hasil uji resistensi + Obat lini 2 ( pengobatan minimal 18 bl)
• Sisipan (RHZE)
Hasil Pengobatan Tindak Lanjut
• Sembuh
• Pengobatan lengkap
• Meninggal
• Pindah
• DO
• Gagal