Transportation and Air Transportation and Air Quality in the Treasure Quality in the Treasure

ValleyValley

Treasure Valley AirshedTreasure Valley Airshed

• Distance, Distance, topography, and topography, and weather.weather.

• Air pollution Air pollution distributed distributed throughout the throughout the entire airshed. entire airshed.

• Political Political boundaries are not boundaries are not air pollution air pollution boundaries.boundaries.

Brief History

• Historic Air Quality Problems

• Topography / Climatology

• Nonattainment for CO and PM10

• Attainment / Maintenance Area

• New Pollutants of Concern

Clean Air Act Implications

• PM10 and CO Maintenance Area

• Conformity (Budget)• Future Ozone or

PM2.5 Non-Attainment?

CAA/Federal HWY Funds

• CAA sanctions

• Transportation Conformity

Carbon Monoxide

Air Toxics

NOx

VOCs

Small Particulate Matter

Vehicles Pollute

• Carbon Monoxide is a colorless gas emitted from your vehicle’s tailpipe• Small Particulate (PM2.5) is made up of direct emissions of fine particles and particles that form from gases that come directly from your vehicle• Ozone is created by gases and vapors that are emitted by your vehicle and then formed in reactions that occur in strong sunlight and heat

•Toxic Air Pollutants – Benzene, 1,3 Butadiene, Formaldehyde, etc.

NOX-Annual Emissions9%

9%

49%

33%Industrial SourcesArea SourcesOn-Road SourcesNon-Road Sources

NOX-Episodic Emissions18%

12%

54%

16%

Industrial SourcesArea SourcesOn-Road SourcesNon-Road Sources

Source: Northern Ada County PM10 SIP Maintenance Plan and Redesignation Request/1999 Emission Inventory

VOC-Annual Emissions3%

69%

15%

13%

Industrial Sources

Area Sources

On-Road Sources

Non-Road Sources

VOC-Episodic Emissions4%

65%

23%

8%

Industrial Sources

Area Sources

On-Road Sources

Non-Road Sources

Source: Northern Ada County PM10 SIP Maintenance Plan and Redesignation Request/1999 Emission Inventory

Volatile Organic Compounds

Strong sunlightStrong sunlightStrong sunlightStrong sunlight

OzoneOzone

Volatile Organic Compounds

• industrial sources• biogenic sources• fuel sources

Nitrogen Oxides• transportation sources

Ozone: SummerOzone: SummerOzone: SummerOzone: Summer

OzoneOzone

Source: Idaho Department of Environmental Quality Monitoring Data

Ozone Trend 2001-2005(season from April - September)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Year

pa

rts

pe

r b

illio

n (

pb

b)

Boise

Middleton

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Federal Standard = 80ppb

Source: DEQ Monitoring Data

____________________________________________________________

Volatile Organic Compounds

• industrial sources• biogenic sources• fuel sources

Nitrogen/Sulfur Oxides & Ammonia

• motor vehicles• diesel fuel• livestock

Secondary Secondary PMPM2.52.5--chemically chemically

formedformed

Primary Primary PMPM2.52.5--directly directly

emittedemitted

PMPM2.52.5: Winter/Fires: Winter/Fires

National Standards

• Cleaner Fuels

• Tailpipe standards

Ada County VMT (millions)

Emissions (Tons)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

2000 2010 2015 2020

VMTNOXVOC

NOX Reductions Due to Emissions Testing

Canyon County VIM Emissions Reductions: NOx

1.0%

5.5%

8.4%

15.8%25.6% 32.4%

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

2003 2007 2010 2015 2020 2025

Year

Ta

ilpip

e N

Ox

Em

iss

ion

s

(to

ns

)

Without (TPY)

With IM (TPY)

AQ/Transportation Improvement Activities

• Clean Cities (Alternative Fuel Infrastructure)• COMPASS Board• Public Outreach / Alert Program • Highway Message Boards• Diesel Retrofit• Anti-idling• Interagency Consultation Process• TV Air Quality Council

Upcoming Studies

• Ozone 350K ITD

• PM2.5 400K ITD

• Air Toxics 500K EPA

The Treasure Valley Air Quality Council

"...to protect, preserve, and, where necessary, improve the quality of air in the Treasure Valley

while accommodating private, public and commercial interests."

The Council’s Responsibilities

• Compile all historical air quality studies in the Treasure Valley.

• Examine the air quality conditions in and around the Treasure Valley.

• Consult with the public and establish a non-voting citizens committee.

• Develop an air quality plan for the area and assist in implementation of that plan.

Responsibilities, cont.

• Conduct a public awareness campaign. • Recommend the adoption of statutes,

ordinances, policies and rules needed by governmental agencies to implement the plan.

• Assist local, state and federal agencies in the establishment of a multi-agency oversight capability to succeed the council.

• Council dissolved in 7 years.

AQ Bottomline

• PM10 and CO problems solved.

• Ozone and PM2.5 Pollutants of Concern.

• Ozone and PM2.5 complicated pollutants to understand and control.

• Proactive measures needed to protect Public Health and avoid future nonattainment.

The Recommendations

• “Treasure the Valley’s Air”: Enhanced Public Education on Air Quality and Establishment of Corporate Award

• OBD Vehicle Emission Testing in Ada and Canyon Counties

• Implement Stage 1 Vapor Recovery at Retail Gas Stations

• Uniform Ordinances for Local Air Quality Problems

• Regional Land Use, Planning and Zoning• Regional Air Quality Data and Coordination

What’s Next?

• After the close of the public-comment period, the Council will integrate citizens’ recommendations and present a draft final plan by January 1, 2007.

• A public hearing will be held within 30 days of the draft final plan release.

• The plan will then be submitted for review and approval by the Legislature.

TVAQC Website

Potential SolutionsPotential Solutions

• Cleaner Fuels / Alternative Cleaner Fuels / Alternative

• Cleaner Tail Pipe StandardsCleaner Tail Pipe Standards

• Truck Stop ElectrificationTruck Stop Electrification

• Land Use Planning/CoordinationLand Use Planning/Coordination

Potential SolutionsPotential Solutions• Stage 1 Vapor RecoveryStage 1 Vapor Recovery

• Enhanced Inspection ProgramEnhanced Inspection Program

• Anti-Idling OrdinancesAnti-Idling Ordinances

• Bus/Diesel Vehicle RetrofitsBus/Diesel Vehicle Retrofits

• Alternative Transit OptionsAlternative Transit Options

Transportation / AQ Summary• Ozone and PM2.5 are

pollutants of concern• Transportation

emissions are the largest pollution source

• New vehicles are getting cleaner

• BUT, More people, more cars, more miles traveled

• Stricter AQ Standards • Proactive Measures to

Avoid future problems

Questions?