Unit (15) Off the beaten Track

Word Word Wordoff remotenearabandoninhabitantsspringtracksettlementsupplyoasisoasessea leveltempleMosquewater wheelsancient monumentslandscapetravelersholidayhear ofin factpondpalm treespersuade torethinkconsist ofpopulationcome fromsupply withroadsattractold part

designkeepheatelectricityair conditioninginventmainhotelsrestaurantmudbricknarrowready tooffermodernmindjourneyexperienceforgetrememberdescribedsquarewildlifefoxwolfis locatedcentrecenturyThe Romansmonasteryhugeprotectcontain

tombsfamousTel El-Amarnasouth ofeast bankPharaohbuiltpalacescapitalcut intohillsremainfertileliftfieldsirrigationFayoumnorth ofsitemonkchurchhistoricagriculturewarmSpanishclimatestylereachheadlinespostertouristsrealnormal

Language noteshistoric التاريخ في / هام تاريخي (speech – event – sight – victory – moment)The 6th October war is a historic date for Egypt.historical ( التاريخ بدراسة ) متعلق تاريخي( research – studies – novel – play – film – Character – place – site)

Mohamad Ali is a great historical character.historian ( التاريخ عن ) يكتب مؤرخHekhal is an Egyptian historian.supply + شخص with + شيئ He supplied his friends with pens.supply + شيء for / to شخص He supplied pens for his friends.above sea level البحر سطح مستوي فوق The oasis is 122 metres above sea level.below sea level البحر سطح مستوي تحت Submarines stay below sea level.home to ل موطن Sinai is a home to wild life .be located = be situated = lies جغرافيا تقع Egypt lies in Africa.Egypt is located in Africa.it is / was + صفة + to + مصدرIt is easy to answer the test.it is a + مفرد اسم + رقمIt is a 3 hour drive by car.On the bank of the Nile:His flat is on the bank of the Nile.persuading someone to do something:1 – I recommend ( v+ ing)-----------------------2 – You really must (مصدر) --------------------------3 – Can't I persuade you to + مصدر -----------------------4 – It would be a pity if you didn't + مصدر ---------------------

Tape ScriptVoice :

If you are one of those travelers who prefers a holiday off beaten track , why not visit the Dakhla oasis ? You have probably never heard of Dakhla because it is the furthest oasis from Egypt's main towns and cities .

Dakhla is an unusual oasis because it is above sea level – in fact 122 metres above sea level . If you think of an oasis as a small pond with palm trees around it , you may be persuaded to rethink your ideas if you visit this oasis . Dakhla consists of fourteen

اقناع الشخص

بعمل شيء

different settlements including the towns of Mut and Al – Qasr , and has a population of 75,000 people . The oasis is supplied with water that comes from more than 520 springs and ponds . It is known that people have lived here for thousands of years , but before roads were built across the desert , hardly any visitors came to Dakhla because it was so difficult to get there.

The main thing which attracts visitors to Dakhla is the town of Al – Qasr : Although most of the old part of the town has been abandoned , you can still see clearly what life was like here in the past . The houses were designed to keep people cool and comfortable in the summer heat - I needn't explain that this was before electricity and air conditioning were invented.

The old town of Mut was the first settlement at Dakhla, but today its main attractions are its hotels and restaurants . There is still an old town here with its mud brick houses and narrow streets . Most of the inhabitants of Mut are ready to leave their old houses if they are offered a flat in a modern block.

Today , it is not difficult to get to Dakhla as long as you don't mind a long bus or taxi journey . You should try it - it is an experience you will never forget !

Exercises1 – Respond to each of the following situations :1 – A friend of yours trying to persuade you to visit a new place, you would like more information about this place .2 – You are trying to persuade a foreign friend to visit a place off the beaten track and you think he will regret it if he or she doesn't go.3 – You ask your father about his opinion of your exam marks.4 – Someone helped you cross the street.2 – Choose the correct answer from a , b , c , or d :1 – Sinai is ---------------- the beaten track.a – of b – off c – by d – in2 – Dakhla and Siwa are Egyptians -----------------------a – Oases b – cities c – countries d – rivers 3 – Dakhla is 122 metres ---------------- sea level.a – by b – on c – above d – below

4 – The oasis is a small pond with ------------- trees around it.a – palm b – apple c – banana d – strawberry 5 – I tried to persuade him ----------------- do it again.a – for b – in c – by d – to6 – Dakhla ---------------------- of fourteen settlements .a – contains b – includes c – consists d – persists7 – People have been living in this oasis ----------------- thousands of years.a – since b – ago c – in d – for8 – To -------------- is to leave a place and go to another.a – stay b – abandon c – work d – die9 – People suffered a lot before the air conditioning and electricity were -------a – bought b – discovered c – invented d – stolen10 - --------------------are people who live in a place.a – foreigners b – inhabitants c – strangers d – tourists11 - ---------------- is to make someone agree or decide to do something.a – abandon b – persuade c – kill d – settle12 – to settle means to stay in a place for ----------------a – a day b – a short time c – a long time d – a short period13 – Hamid tried to ---------------his friend to lend him the bike.a – persuade b – settle c – supply d – kill14 – It is very difficult to visit my uncle as he lives in a ------------ place.a – near b – remote c – funny d – close15 – In the last year's floods, people had to ------------their homes.a – abandon b – decorate c – sell d – clean16 – The two families reached a ---------- after years of disagreement.a – settlement b – supplies c – fight d – fire17 – Oraby was a great --------------------- Egyptian man.

a – historian b – history c – historical d – historic18 – Egypt is a home ------------------- wild life.a – with b – to c – too d – in19 – I recommend -------------------- this story.a – read b – to reading c – reads d – reading20 – Egypt is -------------------------east of Libya .a – located b – lies c – situate d – situation

Off the beaten Track

Most travelers to Egypt visit the famous sites in Cairo and Upper Egypt, but the country has many other interesting historical places . Here are three of them .

SinaiA traveler once described Sinai as " thirty thousand square kilometers of nothing ." in fact , Sinai has some of the most beautiful landscape in Egypt. It is also home to wildlife such as the fox and the wolf , just as it was 3,000 years ago . The Monastery of ST Catherine is located in the centre of Sinai . Built in the sixth century when the Romans were in Egypt , this is the oldest Christian monastery in the world . Its huge walls , which are 12 – 60 metres high, to protect its treasures .

El – MinyaThe area around El- Minya contains tombs , temples and monasteries , One of the most famous sites in this area is Tel El – Amarna , which is 50 kilometres south of El-Minya on the east bank of the Nile. The Pharaoh Akhnaton built temples and palaces here because he wanted it to be the capital of Egypt. Today the temples and palaces have gone , but the tombs that were cut into the hills remain.

Fayoum OasisFayoum Oasis is a very fertile agricultural area which is famous for its waterwheels . These were built in the third century BC and were designed to lift water from the river to the level of fields where it was used for irrigation. There is a group of seven waterwheels to the north of the city.

GrammarPassive verbs (1)

1 – present simple am / is / are + p.p + مفعولHe mends the car. The car is mended by him.They watch films . Films are watched by them.2 – present continuous am / is /are + being + p.p + مفعول He is mending the car. The car is being mended.She is watering the plants. The plants are being watered.3 – past simple was / were + p.p + مفعولThey built this house in 1995.This house was built in 1995.4 – past continuous was / were + being + p.p + مفعولAyman was studying foreign languages. Foreign languages were being studied.5 – present perfect has / have + been + p.p + مفعول He has sent the books.The books have been sent.6 – past perfecthad + been + p.p + مفعول The man had sold the house.The house had been sold.7 – future passive and modals:will ( can –may –must – have to –should) + be + p.p + مفعولHe will tell us where to go.We will be told where to go .He should write the cheque.The cheque should be written.8 – passive with going to :am / is / are + going to + be + p.p + مفعولHe is going to buy two mobiles.Two mobiles are going to be bought.9 – passive expressions starting with " it"

people ( think – say – believe – know – suppose – expect – allege )People know that archaeologists have found a new tomb.

: يكون فالحل لمجهول التحويل وطلب السابقة الصيغة جاءت اذاIt is / was + p.p that ----------------------------------It is known that archaeologists have found a new tomb.people believe that wolves and foxes were hunted in Sinai.It is believed that wolves and wolves were hunted in Sinai.

: كاألتي وتكون اخري صيغة نستخدم أن : يمكن حظة مال/ الضمير االسم (be) + p.p + to + أو مصدر To have + p.p

People say that Ali killed the thief.It is said that Ali killed the man.Ali is said to have killed the man.

: للمجهول المبني على عامة مالحظات التحويل عند حذفهم يتم (don't / doesn't / didn't V)ب منفية الجملة كانت اذا– 1

(not) ونضعHe doesn't bring the book.The book isn't brought.She didn't cook lunch.Lunch wasn't cooked.

الجملة وننفي( by) نضع فال No one / No body الفاعل كان اذا– 2No one wrote the passage.The passage was not written.

(No) الى تحول( any) وكلمة( Not all) الى تحول( all) كلمة– 3He didn't eat all the sweets.Not all the sweets were eaten. (by him)She didn't buy any books.No books were bought.

: عاقل غير واألخر عاقل احدهما مفعولين الجملة في جاء اذا– 4He sent me a letter. I was sent a letter. A letter was sent to me.

: نستخدم لمجهول التحويل عند األمر صيغة– 5 Let + مفعول + be + p.pFinish your homework.Let Your homework be finished Don't open the door.Don't let the door be opened.

/ make / see / hear: مثل( to) بدون مصدر بعدها يأتي التى األفعال تحويل عند– 6watch

( + to ) مصدر بعدها يأتيWe made her study hard. She was made to study hard.I heard him say so. He was heard to say so.

: مثل األفعال بعض مع( be) من بدال( get) استخدام يمكن– 7(arrest- caught – lost – married – killed – injured – confused )

He got arrested while escaping.They got lost in the wood.

be allowed to) ) مصدر نستخدم لمجهول التحويل وطلب(let V) الفعل جاء اذا– 8+

My father let us go out.We were allowed to go out.

+to) ) مصدر بعدها يأتى أن ممكن (like /hate / love / dislike V) مثل األفعال– 9(V + ing) أو

: المجهول صيغة تختلف وهناI don't like people ignoring me.I don't like being ignored.I don't like people to ignore me. I don't like to be ignored.

: التالية الخطوات نتبع مجهول الى السؤال تحويل عند– 9جملة الى السؤال نحول– 1 مجهول الى الجملة نحول– 2 سؤال الى الجملة نحول– 3

Did he mend the car?1 – He mended the car. 2 – the car was mended. 3 – was the car mended?Why does he write the e-mail?1 - He writes the e-mail. 2 - The e-mail is written. 3 - Why is the e-mail written?Who wrote the letter?By whom was the letter written?

Exercises Unit (15)

1 – Say where these mini-dialogues took place :1 – A : Good morning . can I help you ?Place : ---------------------

speaker A : ---------------speaker B : ---------------

B : Yes, I need two tickets to Tanta, please. A : Single or return ? B : Return , please.2 – A : How many books can I borrow at a time? B : Two. A : And for how long ? B : For a fortnight.

2 – Choose the correct answer from a, b , c , or d : 1 – St Catherine is located in the -------------------of Sinai.a – centre b – north c – south d – east2 – The huge walls were built to ------------------- the treasures from thieves.a – help b – protect c – sell d – escape3 – The area around El- Minya ---------------- tombs, temples and treasures.a – consists b – enclose c – contains d – informs4 – Tel El- Amarna is on the east---------------of the Nile.a – coast b – beach c – shore d – bank5 – They cut temples --------------- hills.a – into b – for c – with d – by6 - --------------- land is used fro growing plants and keeping animals.a – historical b – historic c – agricultural d – artificial7 - Fayoum is famous for its ----------------------a – wheels b – bicycles c – mobiles d – waterwheels8 – Farmers use water for ------------------------a – showering b – keeping animals c – irrigation d – emigration 9 – The letter -----------typed now by the secretary.a – being b – is being c – is d – to be10 – Our villa ------------- next week.

Place : ---------------------speaker A : ---------------speaker B : ---------------

a – will decorate b – will be decorated c – decorates d – is decorated11 – This statue ------------in 1890.a – had carved b – was carved c – is carved d – carved 11 – Luggage ----------- a – must check b – must been checked c – must be checked d – must had checked12 – Gulliver's travels ----------by Jonathan swift .a – was written b – was write c – was writing d – is written13 – Radios ---------------of plastic.a – make b – are making c – are made d – is made14 – The bill ------------------a – has to pay b – has to be paid c – will pay d – is been pay15 – The boy is said to -----------------the window last night.a – break b – have broken c – be breaking d – broke16 – Don't let yourself -------------------by anyone.a – beat b – beaten c – be beaten d – beating17 – I don't like -------------by surprise.a – to take b – taken c – be taken d – being taken18 – The computer ----------until I had paid the pill.a – hadn't mended b – wasn't mended c – hasn't been mended d – mended19 – The thief escaped while he ------------to prison by the police.a – took b – was being taken c – was taken d – had taken 20 – The train to Tanta leaves from --------no 5 .a – road b – pavement c – platform d – station3 – Find the mistakes and write the sentences correctly :1 – Many visitor to Egypt are interested in the pyramids.2 – Water from the Nile are used to irrigate the fields.3 – A monastery is a place where monks lives.

4 – Historical land is used for growing crops and keeping animals.5 – Dakhla oasis have a population of 75,000 people.6 – It is say that he is clever.

4 – Read the following passage , then answer the questions : Everyone knows that Tokyo , the capital of Japan, is one of the largest and busiest modern cities in the world. But for travelers to Japan , there are many interesting places which are not too full of tourists . Here are two which are off the beaten track. Takayama is a beautiful old town in the mountains . It still has an ancient street market as well as farmers' market along the river. Some of the buildings in Takayama are more than four hundred years old . A few of the oldest houses are now museum where visitors can see what life in Japan was like in the past . Near to Takayama is an old village where you can still see traditional carpenters at work. Yamadera is a collection of temple buildings on the side of a mountain. It is difficult to climb up to the temple , but the view is beautiful .A ) Give short answers to the following questions :1 – Where can visitors see two markets?2 – What does the word " two " refer to in " Here are two which –"?3 – What does " off the beaten track" mean ?B )Choose the correct answer :4 - Yamadera is a collection of-----------------------------------a – educational buildings b – tourist hotels c – religious buildings d – mountains 5 – Where can tourists see a collection of temples?a – in Takayama b – on a mountain c – in Tokyo d – in a village

5 – WritingWrite a paragraph about 100 words about :

"a place that is off the beaten track"6 – Translation

A ) Translate into Arabic : Today tourism has become a huge business. It is a good source of national income fro countries on the Mediterranean cost . Hence , we have to attract more and more tourists to visit Egypt all year round by building more comfortable hotels and facilities.

B ) Translate into English :. األمراض وانتشار والطعام المياة نقص بسبب األفارقة من الكثير يموت– 1

. األخيرة األعوام في كبيرا تحسنا المصري االقتصاد تحسن لقد– 2