¡Ven Conmigo!Spanish 1

Capítulo 4: ¿Qué haces esta tarde?

Vocabulario1. cuidar a tu hermano/a to take care of your

brother/sister

2. descansar en el parque to rest in the park

3. dibujar to draw

4. escuchar música to listen to music

5. jugar a to play (a sport or game)

6. lavar el carro to wash the car

7. lavar la ropa to wash the clothes

8. mirar la televisión to watch TV

9. nadar en la piscina to swim in the pool

10. sacar la basura to take out the trash

11. tocar to play (an instrument)

Talking about what you like to doTo find out what a friend likes to do, ask:

A ti, ¿qué te gusta hacer? What do you like to do?

To respond, say:

Me gusta pintar. I like to paint.

¿A Manuel le gusta estudiar? Does Manuel like to study?

No, no le gusta estudiar. … he doesn’t like…Pero le gusta hablar por teléfono. …to talk on the phone.

¿A quién le gusta bailar y cantar? Who likes to dance and sing?

A mi me gusta bailar y cantar.Por eso me gustan las fiestas. That’s why I like…

Quick ConnectionEnglish often uses the –ing form of the verb where Spanish uses the infinitive (the form that ends in –ar, -er, or –ir).

Example: Me gusta ir al centro comercial. I like going to the mall.

How would you say the following in Spanish?

•I like drawing.

•I like listening to music.

•I like swimming in the pool.

•I don’t like taking out the trash.

•I don’t like taking care of my brother.

GramáticaPresent tense of regular -ar verbs

1.In Spanish and English verbs change depending on the subject (the person doing the action). This is called conjugating the verb.

2.In Spanish there are three main groups of verbs; their infinitive (the unchanged form of a verb) ends in –ar, -er, or –ir.

3.To conjugate hablar or any other regular –ar verb, take the part of the verb called the stem (habl-) and add these endings:

(yo) hablo(tú) hablas

(usted) habla (él) habla(ella) habla

(nosotros/as) hablamos we speak(vosotros/as) habláis you speak (plural, Spain)

(ustedes) hablan(ellos) hablan(ellas) hablan

Note: tú is informal, usted is formal

PrácticaConjugating –ar verbs in the present tense

Example: cuidar (infinitive) → cuid (stem) → -o, -as, -a, -amos, -áis, -an

1.Find the stem for the following verbs: descansar (infinitive) descans- (stem)

dibujar (infinitive) dibuj- (stem)

mirar (infinitive) mir- (stem)

2. Now conjugate them in the yo, tú, nosotros and ellos form.

Boleto de salidaConjugate the following verbs for yo, ella, nosotros, ellos:

1.lavar2.nadar3.Tocar

How would you say the following in Spanish?

4. I like washing the car.5. I don’t like washing the clothes.

Vocabulario1. pasar el rato con amigos to spend time with friends

2. caminar con el perro to walk with the dog

3. montar/andar/pasear en bicicleta/bici to ride a bike

4. trabajar en un restaurante to work at a restaurant

5. tomar un refresco to drink a refreshment

6. tomar un helado to eat an ice-cream7. preparar la cena

to prepare dinner

Discussing what you and others do during free timeTo ask what a friend does after school, say:

¿Qué haces después de clases? What do you do after school?

¿Tocas el piano? Do you play the piano?

¿Bailan ustedes antes de regresar a casa? Do you (plural) dance before returning home?

¿Practican deportes Luis y Carmen en el tiempo libre? Do Luis and Carmen practice sports during free time?

To respond:

Descanso. Después juego al futbol. I rest… I play…

No, pero toco la guitarra. …I play the guitar.

Sí, nosotros bailamos con un grupo de baile. Y también jugamos al tenis. Yes, we dance with a dance group… we play…

No, ellos no practican deportes. Juegan a los videojuegos.… they don’t practice…They play…

Nota gramatical1. The verb jugar has the following conjugation:

juego jugamos juegas jugáisjuega juegan

2. The preposition a combines with el to form the contraction al.

Yo juego a el fútbol. → Yo juego al fútbol.

PrácticaListening Comprehension

Página 114, actividad 8, números 1-5

Writing

Página 115, actividad 9, números 1-6Página 116, actividad 10, números 1-7Página 116, actividad 11

Nota gramatical1. To talk about doing things with someone else, con is used with a

pronoun like él or ella.

¿Quién trabaja con Luisa?

Yo trabajo con ella.

¿Quién toma un refresco con David?

Laura toma una limonada con él.

2. The expressions with me and with you (familiar) have special forms.

¿Quién estudia contigo? Who … with you?

Mi amigo Miguel estudia conmigo. …with me.

Nota gramaticalQue is a very common word in Spanish. It can refer to either people or things and can mean that, which, or who.

Tengo una amiga que canta bien.

La música que me gusta escuchar es rock en español.

Nota gramaticalThe verb estar (to be) is used to talk about location. Here are the present tense forms of the verb.

(yo) Estoy en la librería.(tú) Estás con tu familia.(el/ella/usted) Está en el centro.

(nosotros) Estamos en casa.(vosotros) Estáis en la clase.(ellos/as/ustedes) Están en el cuarto.

Vocabulario:Prepositions1. al lado de next to; to one side of

2. allá there

3. aquí here

4. cerca de near

5. debajo de under; beneath

6. encima de on top of

7. lejos de far from

Telling where people and things are

To ask:

¿Dónde estás? Where are you?

¿No está en la escuela de baile? Isn’t she…?

To respond:

Estoy en el centro. Necesito encontrar a María Inés. I’m downtown.

No, no está aquí. No, she’s not here.

Está en el trabajo. She’s at work.

PrácticaWriting

Página 118, Actividad 19, (Copy the paragraph and fill in the blanks.)

Listening Comprehension

Página 120, Actividad 21

Writing

Página 120, Actividad 22, Números 1-6

Example: Juan Luis quiere comprar fruta y chocolate.

Él necesita ir al supermercado. Está cerca del restaurante y al lado del cine.

GramáticaSubject pronouns

Spanish speakers don’t use subject pronouns as often as English speakers do. That’s because the verb ending usually indicates the subject of the verb.

yo comprotú comprasusted compraél, ella

nosotros, nosotras compramosvosotros, vosotras compráisustedes, ellos, ellas compran

1. In general, tú is used to speak to people with whom you are on a first-name basis. Use usted with adults and people in authority.

2. In Spain, vosotros is the plural of tú, while ustedes is the plural of usted. In the Americas, ustedes is the plural of both tú and usted.

3. The masculine forms (nosotros and vosotros) are used to refer to groups of males and groups including both males and females. The feminine forms nosotras and vosotras refer to groups including only females.

Nota gramaticalIr (to go) is an irregular verb, since its conjugation doesn’t follow any pattern. To ask where someone is going, use the question word ¿adónde? ([to] where?).

Voy al cine.¿Adónde vas ahora?Va al gimnasio.

Vamos a la piscina.Vais a casa.Van al baile.

Talking about where you go during free timeTo ask where someone is going, say:

¿Adónde vas? Where are you going?

¿Adónde va María Inés? Where is Maria Ines going?

To respond:

Voy a la biblioteca para estudiar. I’m going … in order to study.

María Inés va al correo. Luego va al cine para ver una película. … in order to see a movie.

Nota cultural El paseo is a tradition in

Spanish-speaking countries; people walk around the

plaza or along the streets of a town in the evening to socialize, and to see and be seen by others.

In Spain and Latin America, there are fewer school- sponsored extracurricular activities for high school students than in the United States. Teenagers who play sports will often join independent teams, since may schools don’t

have their own teams.

Vocabulario: Los días de la semana

Diciembre el fin de semana

lunes martes miércoles jueves viernes sábado domingoMonday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Spanish calendars look slightly different than calendars in English; el lunes (Monday), not el domingo (Sunday), is the first day of the week. This makes more sense of the term “weekend,” as Saturday and Sunday are together at the end of the week.

Nota gramatical1.Always use el before a day of the week except

when stating what day it is. Hoy es martes.

2.To make sábado and domingo plural, add –s.

3.To say on Monday, on Tuesday, etc., use el lunes, el martes. Voy al gimnasio el jueves.

4.To say on Mondays, on Tuesdays, etc., use los lunes, los martes. Los lunes, vamos al colegio.

5.Days of the week are not capitalized in Spanish.