World War I-World War I-ReviewReview

What were the main causes What were the main causes of WW I?of WW I?

MAIN:MAIN: MilitarismMilitarism AlliancesAlliances ImperialismImperialism NationalismNationalism

What is “militarism?”What is “militarism?”

Militarism has to do with Militarism has to do with the building up of the building up of militaries. Before WW I, militaries. Before WW I, European countries were European countries were building their militaries.building their militaries.

What is Nationalism?What is Nationalism?

Nationalism is a belief in Nationalism is a belief in one’s country. A one’s country. A common shared common shared heritage. To believe that heritage. To believe that one’s country is better one’s country is better than other countries.than other countries.

Serbian terrorists were Serbian terrorists were responsible for responsible for thisthis crime, crime, which is one of the triggers which is one of the triggers

to WW Ito WW IThe assassination of the The assassination of the

Archduke Francis Ferdinand-Archduke Francis Ferdinand-the heir to the Austria-the heir to the Austria-Hungary thrown.Hungary thrown.

What was the group who What was the group who assassinated the Archduke assassinated the Archduke

called?called?

The Black HandThe Black Hand

What was the name of the What was the name of the allies who consisted of Turkey, allies who consisted of Turkey, Germany, Austria-Hungary and Germany, Austria-Hungary and

Bulgaria?Bulgaria?

The Central PowersThe Central Powers(Originally known as the (Originally known as the

“Triple Alliance.”)“Triple Alliance.”)

France, Serbia, Belgium, France, Serbia, Belgium, Great Britain, Italy and the Great Britain, Italy and the U.S. made up which group?U.S. made up which group?

The AlliesThe AlliesOriginally called the “Triple Originally called the “Triple

Entente.”Entente.”

Kaiser Wilhelm II was the Kaiser Wilhelm II was the leader of what country?leader of what country?

GermanyGermany

How did Germany invade How did Germany invade France?France?

Germany invaded France by Germany invaded France by going threw Belgium and going threw Belgium and surprising the French.surprising the French.

What nation was a member of What nation was a member of the Triple Alliance who later the Triple Alliance who later

joined the Allies?joined the Allies?

ItalyItaly

This is a situation in which no This is a situation in which no side has a clear advantage and side has a clear advantage and

caused WWI to last much caused WWI to last much longer than expected.longer than expected.

StalemateStalemate

What 2 conditions made for a What 2 conditions made for a stalemate in WW I?stalemate in WW I?

Trench WarfareTrench WarfareMilitary TechnologyMilitary Technology

What are some of the new What are some of the new weapons introduced during weapons introduced during

WW I?WW I? Bolt-Action RifleBolt-Action Rifle Machine GunMachine Gun ArtilleryArtillery Poisonous GasPoisonous Gas ZeppelinZeppelin TanksTanks PlanesPlanes U-BoatsU-Boats

Who was the German pilot Who was the German pilot responsible for 80 victories?responsible for 80 victories?

The Red BaronThe Red Baron

This law stated that vessels This law stated that vessels had the right to stop & had the right to stop &

search a neutral ship for search a neutral ship for contraband…contraband…

International Law for naval International Law for naval WarfareWarfare

The Sussex Pledge stated The Sussex Pledge stated that…that…

German submarines would German submarines would announce themselves to announce themselves to ships before firing upon them.ships before firing upon them.

A type of warfare where both A type of warfare where both sides dig in and fortify their sides dig in and fortify their positions is called ________ positions is called ________

___________.___________.

Trench WarfareTrench Warfare

What were the 3 lines used in What were the 3 lines used in Trench Warfare?Trench Warfare?

front line front line for attack and for attack and defense, a defense, a middle line middle line of of defense, and a defense, and a rear line rear line of of reserves.reserves.

What was the area between What was the area between the trenches known as?the trenches known as?

““No Man’s Land”No Man’s Land”

What happened during the What happened during the Christmas Truce?Christmas Truce?

A cease-fire was called and A cease-fire was called and soldiers (from both sides) soldiers (from both sides) met in no-man’s land and met in no-man’s land and had a party and played had a party and played soccer!soccer!

Why did the US remain Why did the US remain neutral during the beginning neutral during the beginning

of the war?of the war?

The US could take The US could take advantage of the economic advantage of the economic opportunities of providing opportunities of providing supplies to both sides. The supplies to both sides. The war was also in Europe. It war was also in Europe. It saved lives.saved lives.

What were two (2) reasons the What were two (2) reasons the US entered WW I?US entered WW I?

Sinking of the Sinking of the Lusitania, the Sussex.Lusitania, the Sussex.

The Zimmerman NoteThe Zimmerman NoteThe make the world The make the world safe for democracies.safe for democracies.

What was the Zimmerman What was the Zimmerman Note?Note?

It was an attempt by It was an attempt by Germany to make an Germany to make an alliance with Mexico alliance with Mexico (Mexico would gain their (Mexico would gain their lost territories).lost territories).

When did President Wilson When did President Wilson state the following? “state the following? “the the

world must be made safe world must be made safe for democracy”for democracy”

In his War Address to In his War Address to CongressCongress

After the US declared war, After the US declared war, Congress passed the _______ Congress passed the _______

________ Act, which established ________ Act, which established a draft of young people to go a draft of young people to go

to war.to war.

Selective Service Selective Service

The name of the troops who The name of the troops who went to war were called the went to war were called the

__________ ________ _______ (or __________ ________ _______ (or AEF)AEF)

American Expeditionary American Expeditionary ForceForce

Who was the leader of the Who was the leader of the AEF?AEF?

General John Pershing General John Pershing

What were (2) things that What were (2) things that women did to help the war women did to help the war

effort?effort?

Many became nursesMany became nursesSome worked in Some worked in

communicationscommunications

The African American 369The African American 369thth Regiment was better known Regiment was better known

as:as:

The Harlem Hell FightersThe Harlem Hell Fighters

Who led a communist Who led a communist revolution in Russia to revolution in Russia to

overthrow Czar Nicolas II?overthrow Czar Nicolas II?

Vladimir LeninVladimir Lenin

Armistice means ________-Armistice means ________-_______._______.

Cease-fireCease-fire

Name (3) details outlined in Name (3) details outlined in Wilson’s 14 Points.Wilson’s 14 Points.

League of NationLeague of NationDisarmamentDisarmamentFreedom of the seasFreedom of the seasEnd alliances and secret End alliances and secret

treatisetreatiseSelf-determination of ethnic Self-determination of ethnic

groups and countries groups and countries

What does self-What does self-determination entail?determination entail?

The power for a country or The power for a country or ethnic group to make ethnic group to make decisions about one’s future.decisions about one’s future.

What countries were a part of What countries were a part of the “Big Four?”the “Big Four?”

US US GBGBFranceFrance ItalyItaly

How was Wilson different from How was Wilson different from the other 3 leaders at the Big the other 3 leaders at the Big

Four meeting?Four meeting?

Wilson was the only leader who Wilson was the only leader who truly wanted peace (as outlined truly wanted peace (as outlined in his 14 point plan). The other in his 14 point plan). The other countries wanted the “spoils” of countries wanted the “spoils” of war, and blamed Germany for war, and blamed Germany for the war.the war.

What was the name of the What was the name of the world peace keeping world peace keeping

organization that Wilson organization that Wilson created?created?

The League of NationsThe League of Nations

What was the name of the What was the name of the peace treaty that ended WW I?peace treaty that ended WW I?

The Treaty of Versailles The Treaty of Versailles

What country was single What country was single handedly blamed for the war?handedly blamed for the war?

GermanyGermany

What new countries were What new countries were created after the war?created after the war?

– Czechoslovakia, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Finland, Estonia, Lativa, Finland, Estonia, Lativa, Lithuania, & YugoslaviaLithuania, & Yugoslavia