vol 8 issue 2 july 2016 aquafeed - silohealth.com advances in processing & formulation an...
Post on 11-Mar-2018
223 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
AQUAFEED ADVANCES IN PROCESSING & FORMULATION
An Aquafeed.com publication
VOL 8 ISSUE 2 Ju ly 2016
FOCUS: Substituting for fishmeal
Key issues in aquatic feed plant design
Nutraceuticals From Waste Streams Kemin Wins Aquafeed Innovation Award
Interview
with Einar Wathne
Mineral supplementation in aquaculture
20
During APA 2016 (Surabaya - Indonesia),
in the session Animal Health & Welfare,
SILO SpA held an oral presentation
focused on the efficacy of a specific
composition of short and medium chain
1-Monoglycerides in improving growth
rate, FCR and survival rate in several
aquatic species. The composition is
available on the market under the
commercial name SILOhealth 108.
SILO started its research activity on
glycerides of short- and medium-chain
fatty acids in 2002; in 2009 SILO filed the
patent “Compositions containing C1 to
C7 organic acid monoglycerides and
glycerol, their preparation and use as
antibacterial and anti-mould agents” for
treating animals. In 2015 the EU-Patent
was granted. The patent was filed in
several extra EU countries, including
China, India, Thailand, Indonesia, other
Asiatic and SA countries.
Efficacy in vitro at pH 7 – 8
SILOhealth 108 is the result of a
pluriannual research activity. It proved to
exert a selective antibacterial action
against pathogenic bacteria
independently from the environmental
pH, being antibacterial also at pH 7- 8,
that is in the conditions of the organs of
aquatic species such as gut, liver and
hepatopancreas.
The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
(MIC) of SILOhealth 108 at pH 7 – 8
against Aeromonas hydrophila,
Aeromonas salmonicida, Vibrio
alginolyticus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus,
Vibrio mimicus, Photobacterium
damselae, Bacillus cereus, Edwarsiella
ictaluri, Streptococcus uberis,
Pseudomonas anguilliseptica,
Pseudomonas dermoalba, Tenacibaculum
maritimum, Flavobacterium
psychrophilum, Flavobacterium
columnare Yersinia ruckery ranges in fact
between 0.01% and 0.1%, according to
AQUAFEED::ADVANCES IN PROCESSING & FORMULATION from Aquafeed.com Vol 8 Issue 2
By Manuela Parini, SILO SpA
A specific composition of short- and medium-
chain 1-Monoglycerides to prevent EMS and to
control Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Aeromonas spp.,
Streptococcus uberis, Flavobacterium spp.,
Yersinia ruckery, Pseudomonas spp. and other
pathogenic bacteria in aquatic species.
NEW PRODUCT FOCUS
Figure 1. Regions where SILOhealth 108 exerts a selective antibacterial action
against pathogenic bacteria
21
results of a trial conducted by the Public
Animal Health Institute “Bruno Ubertini”
– Italy.
A crucial advantage of SILOhealth 108 is
that it does not inhibit the beneficial
Lactobacillus acidophilus and plantarum.
The antibacterial action proved to be
very selective since the growth of the
beneficial micro-flora was enhanced
while harmful bacteria were inhibited.
Efficacy in vivo against Aeromonas
hydrophila: trials with sturgeon
and carp
SILOhealth 108 proved to be effective in
vivo, in different species such as sturgeon
and carp, in reducing mortality caused by
A. hydrophila.
In a trial with juvenile Acipenser
transmontanus (White Sturgeon), each
fish (live weight 3.1 g) was infected with
11x106 CFU of A. hydrophila through
intraperitoneal injection. The trial was
conducted with 612 individuals, allotted
to 2 groups, 3 replications, under the
supervision of the Public Animal Health
Institute “Bruno Ubertini” – Italy.
The control group received a standard
commercial feed; the treated group
received the same feed supplemented
with 0.8% of SILOhealth 108. 20 days
after infection the mortality in SILOhealth
108 group was reduced by 76%, that is
from 38.9% to 9.4% (p<0.001), the SGR
was increased by 13% (p<0.01.), while
the FCR was reduced by 10% (p<0.05)
compared to the control group (Figure 2.)
A double effect was achieved in the trial:
- sanitary control of pathogens
with consequent dramatic mortality
reduction
- notable improvement of
nutritional parameters like SGR and FCR.
Another trial was conducted in a 4 ha
pond populated with 30,000 Rohu (an
Indian major carp). The inclusion of 0.5%
of SILOhealth 108 in the feed reduced
the mortality caused by A. hydrophila
from 12% to 1.8% after only 3 days of
administration. In 2 control ponds
populated with 24,000 and 35,000 carp
respectively, treatments with
enrofloxacin, oxytetracycline and
furazolidone reduced the mortality
caused by A. hydrophila by the same
degree, but after 6 days of treatment.
Results achieved with completely
different species such as the sturgeon
and carp confirm the specie independent
mode of action of SILOhealth 108.
Improvement of growth rate and
FCR in Penaeus vannamei
1-Monoglycerides contained in
SILOhealth 108 have a positive impact on
AQUAFEED::ADVANCES IN PROCESSING & FORMULATION from Aquafeed.com Vol 8 Issue 2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Control SILOhealth 108
% of Mortality post-infection
1.05
1.1
1.15
1.2
1.25
1.3
1.35
Control SILOhealth 108
SGR
2.25
2.3
2.35
2.4
2.45
2.5
2.55
2.6
2.65
2.7
Control SILOhealth 108
FCR
Control SILOhealth 108 Control SILOhealth 108 Control SILOhealth 108
Figure 2. Mortality, SGR and FCR in juvenile sturgeon after intraperitoneal challenge with 11x106 CFU of A. hydrophila
P. Vannamei trials
22
lipids digestion, since they emulsify the
dietary oils and fats, increase their
micellar dispersibility, availability and
absorption in the digestive tract.
Furthermore one specific 1-
Monoglyceride contained in SILOhealth
108 stimulates tight junctions expression
and the reparation of lesions caused by
bacteria or dietary intolerances. These
effects are performed in the entire
digestive tract, liver and hepatopancreas
included.
Another nutritional advantage is related
to the energy supply. Short- and medium
chain fatty acids bonded to the glycerol
are a highly digestible energetic source
for aquatic species in all growing periods.
Effects of SILOhealth 108 on growth
performance were measured in several
trials conducted in the Vetapalam area of
Praksham district of Andhra Pradesh
(India).
In 2 one-hectare-ponds, stocked with
700,000 post larvae of P. vannamei, on
day 63 the average weight of shrimp
from the control pond was 12.73 g, while
in the pond treated with SILOhealth 108
(0.5% of the feed) it was 14.56 g (+15%).
The FCR was 1.68 in the control pond and
1.35 in the SILOhealth 108 pond.
Feed intake time and growth rate were
compared in 2 one-hectare-ponds with
stocking density of 40 shrimp / m2.
Shrimp in treated pond received the
same feed of control pond, but
supplemented with 0.6% of SILOhealth
108 in 2 meals per day. Feed intake time
and growth rate of the 2 groups are
reported in Table 1.
Control of EMS caused by V.
parahaemolyticus
A promising application of SILOhealth
108 is its use to reduce mortality caused
by V. parahaemolyticus. A trial was
carried out in Guangdong Province
(China) in three seawater aerated ponds,
each 1600 m2 in size, with a density of
210 shrimp / m2.
Thirty days after stocking outbreak of
EMS was observed. Mortality ranged
from 35-40% of the individuals in each
check tray per day combined with
anorexia, hepatopancreas reddening, low
feed intake, white gut and white fecal
matter.
SILOhealth 108 was then added to the
feed at a dose of 1%. After only 3 days of
feeding, shrimp mortality reduced by
70%. Total mortality was reduced by 93%
after 5 days. Normal growth, feed intake
and vitality were restored. No further
EMS outbreak was observed until
harvesting.
Conclusions
The results of the test in vitro show that
low concentrations of SILOhealth 108
(from 0.01% to 0.1%) inhibit the growth
of several pathogenic bacteria, without
inhibiting the beneficial Lactobacillus, at
pH 7 – 8. SILOhealth 108 has a dose
response effect: high dosages are
implemented only in case of high
mortality, for a few days. In the standard
feed applications, to achieve growth
promoting effects and infections
prevention, the dosages range from 2 to
3 kg/ ton of feed (continued
administration).
Microflora modulation, emulsifying
properties, beneficial effects on cells
renewal are the combined effects of
SILOhealth 108, which represents a
promising approach to improve growth
performance, feed conversion, resistance
against pathogenic bacteria and survival
rate in fish and crustaceans, in a specie
independent way.
AFΩ
AQUAFEED::ADVANCES IN PROCESSING & FORMULATION from Aquafeed.com Vol 8 Issue 2
Pond area
(ha) Stocking density
(shrimp / m²)
Feed intake time
(hours)
Growth rate (g /week)
Control 1 40 shrimp 2 1.8
SILOhealth 108 1 40 shrimp 1.5 2.6
Table 1. Feed intake time and growth rate in 2 one-hectare-ponds with stocking density of 40
panaeus vannamei / m2
More information.
Manuela Parini is a member of
the R&D team of SILO SpA.,
Firenze, Italy.
E:manuela.parini@silospa.com
top related