BIOCHEMISTRY

The study of organic compounds

ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

• Compounds that contain carbon.

• Except carbon dioxide-CO2

C

POLYMER

• A giant molecule made of many smaller molecules (monomers).

CARBOHYDRATES

• Sugars• Used for energy.• Contain C, H, O in a

1:2:1 ratio.• Types:

MonosaccharideDisaccharidesPolysaccharides

LIPIDS• Fats, waxes and oils• Fatty acids & Glycerol• Contain C, H, and O,

but not in a 1:2:1 ratio.• Used to store energy.• Insulation• Repel water• Phospholipids

(membranes)

Structure of a lipid

Saturated vs. unsaturated fats

Carbohydrates

True or FalseCarbohydrates are polymers made up of smaller subunits called Monosaccharides

Carbohydrates

• True or False

Carbohydrates contain C, H, and O, and they are the body’s first source of energy.

Lipids

• True or false• The structure of a lipid resembles the letter

“Z”

Lipids

• True or False?• The Monomer of a lipid contains 1 fatty

acid and 3 glycerol chains and is the body’s prime source of energy.

PROTEIN• Polymers made of amino

acids (20).• Contain C, H, O and N.• Functions: Build &

repair tissue.• Movement• Structure• Transport• Defense • Regulation (Hormones &

Enzymes)

Shape matters!

Enzymes are proteins that have an active site some where on the molecule where others molecules can land and react

NUCLEIC ACIDS • Made of nucleotides: sugar +

a nitrogenous base + a phosphate group.

• Contain C, H, O, N & P• Contain genetic information.• Control the activities of cells.• DNA & RNA

Nitrogen Bases have a ring structure

What is it?

Based on the chart above, food sample D is most likely to beA. orange juiceB. pastaC. butterD. scrambled eggs

Based on the chart, Steak could most likely be found inA. food sample AB. food sample BC. food sample CD. food sample D

Protein

True/False

Proteins are composed of Amino Acids linked together, similar to a string of beads.

Proteins

• True or False?• Proteins have several functions in the body,

including structure and regulation.

Nucleic acids

• True or False?• The structure of DNA is often called a triple

Helix

Nucleic acids

• True or False?• Nucleic acids are large polymers composed

of smaller units called nucleotides