Ch.Ch. 8 8TESTTEST

REVIEWREVIEW

I set up a system I set up a system for the selling of for the selling of Western land? Western land? • Land Ordinance of 1785Land Ordinance of 1785

• • it created a House of it created a House of Representatives that would be Representatives that would be based on state populations.based on state populations.• • it created a Senate in which it created a Senate in which each state would have an equal each state would have an equal number of votes.number of votes.

• The Connecticut CompromiseThe Connecticut Compromise AKA: The Great CompromiseAKA: The Great Compromise

• Virginia PlanVirginia PlanThe Great CompromiseThe Great CompromiseAnnapolis ConventionAnnapolis ConventionNew Jersey PlanNew Jersey PlanAmend or replace the ArticlesAmend or replace the ArticlesConstitutional ConventionConstitutional Convention•Annapolis ConventionAnnapolis Convention•Amend or replace the Articles?Amend or replace the Articles?•Constitutional ConventionConstitutional Convention•Virginia PlanVirginia Plan•New Jersey PlanNew Jersey Plan•The Great Compromise The Great Compromise (aka: the (aka: the Connecticut CompromiseConnecticut Compromise))

Put in the Put in the proper proper

order that order that these these

events events happenedhappened

• • equal representation in equal representation in one legislative house.one legislative house.• • representation to be representation to be based on state population based on state population in the other legislative in the other legislative house… house… what was the what was the solutionsolution??

• The Great CompromiseThe Great Compromise

The Connecticutt Compromise The Connecticutt Compromise (or (or Great CompromiseGreat Compromise) ) settled settled the issue of representation in the issue of representation in the legislature by the legislature by creating:creating:

••  creatingcreating a a House of Representatives House of Representatives that would be based on state that would be based on state populations populations (the Virginia Plan).(the Virginia Plan).• • creatingcreating a a SenateSenate in which each state in which each state would have an equal number of voteswould have an equal number of votes (the New Jersey Plan).(the New Jersey Plan).

My plan gave each state My plan gave each state an an equalequal vote vote in in Congress… Congress… who am I?who am I?

• The New Jersey PlanThe New Jersey Plan

Why did most state Why did most state constitutions create constitutions create separate branches of separate branches of government?government?• It helped prevent those It helped prevent those branches from becoming branches from becoming too powerful…too powerful…

What event created by What event created by excessive taxation helped excessive taxation helped create a new Constitution create a new Constitution and a stronger central and a stronger central government?government?

• Shays’s RebellionShays’s Rebellion

What were the What were the 3 3 main main issues issues that affected the that affected the Western Territories Western Territories between 1775 and 1787?between 1775 and 1787?• who would control the Western Territorieswho would control the Western Territories *(remember the Small States and the A of C)*(remember the Small States and the A of C)• how to divide and sell the landhow to divide and sell the land• how to govern the Western Territories how to govern the Western Territories

Under the Under the Articles of Articles of ConfederationConfederation, , whowho was given the most was given the most important powers?important powers?

The StatesThe States

make treatiesmake treaties

Under Under The Articles of The Articles of ConfederationConfederation, the National , the National Government had the power to:Government had the power to:- - wage warwage war- - make peacemake peace- - issue moneyissue money- … - … andand ?????????? … …

they helped provide a solid they helped provide a solid foundation for the U.S. Constitution foundation for the U.S. Constitution

In what way did the state In what way did the state governments, created by governments, created by

the new state the new state constitutions, actually help constitutions, actually help

change national politics?change national politics?

the Northwest Ordinancethe Northwest Ordinance

• I outlined when the territoriesI outlined when the territories could govern themselves. could govern themselves.• I established settlers' rights.• I established settlers' rights.• I set a pattern for the orderly• I set a pattern for the orderly growth of the United States. growth of the United States.

Shays’s RebellionShays’s Rebellion

Massachusetts farmers Massachusetts farmers protesting their farms protesting their farms

being seized to pay being seized to pay their debts… their debts… led to?led to?

wage warwage war

Under Under The Articles of The Articles of ConfederationConfederation, the National , the National Government had the power to:Government had the power to:- - make treatiesmake treaties- - make peacemake peace- - issue moneyissue money- … - … andand ?????????? … …

the Northwest Ordinance the Northwest Ordinance

Because of me, Because of me, slaveryslavery was was bannedbanned in the Ohio Valley… in the Ohio Valley…

who am I?who am I?

CongressCongress

Under the new Under the new Constitution, Constitution, whowho had had the power to the power to regulate regulate

tradetrade (commerce)?(commerce)?

3/5 Compromise3/5 Compromise

What was the What was the compromise that was compromise that was made over slavery?made over slavery?

• Slaves would be counted as Slaves would be counted as ________ of a person for ________ of a person for representation in Congress. representation in Congress.• • Slaves would be counted as Slaves would be counted as ________ of a person for taxation. ________ of a person for taxation.• • The importation of slaves could notThe importation of slaves could not be restricted until 1808. be restricted until 1808.

3/5 Compromise3/5 Compromise

New Jersey PlanNew Jersey Plan

-- The legislature would-- The legislature would have one (1) house… have one (1) house…-- Each state would -- Each state would have one (1) vote in have one (1) vote in the legislature… the legislature…

-- -- I helped write theI helped write the Virginia PlanVirginia Plan…… -- I co-wrote the -- I co-wrote the Federalist PapersFederalist Papers -- -- I wrote the I wrote the Bill of Rights Bill of Rights

• James Madison James Madison

• • I am I am knownknown as the as the “Father of the “Father of the Constitution” Constitution”

James MadisonJames Madison

Annapolis ConventionAnnapolis Convention

We met in September of We met in September of 17861786 to discuss trade regulation to discuss trade regulation

among the states, and possibly among the states, and possibly amending the Articles of amending the Articles of

Confederation….. and Confederation….. and onlyonly 5 5 states showed up…??states showed up…??

• Shays’s RebellionShays’s Rebellion

What was the What was the catalystcatalyst eventevent that brought 12 of that brought 12 of the 13 state’s delegates the 13 state’s delegates together in Philadelphia together in Philadelphia

for a Constitutional for a Constitutional Convention?Convention?

• The Central GovernmentThe Central Government

* * StatesStates oror Central GovernmentCentral Government??Under the Under the newnew Constitution: Constitution:- - regulate trade between statesregulate trade between states- collect taxes from the states- collect taxes from the states- - make laws make laws “in all cases where “in all cases where the separate states are the separate states are incompetent” incompetent” (unable)(unable)

• the Virginia Planthe Virginia Plan

During the Constitutional During the Constitutional Convention, I called for a Convention, I called for a two-house legislature… two-house legislature…

…..…..who am I?who am I?

• two-housetwo-house

The Connecticut Compromise The Connecticut Compromise (aka: the Great Compromise) (aka: the Great Compromise)

established a ____ established a ____ house legislature…house legislature…

• the Virginia Planthe Virginia Plan

I called for I called for representation in the representation in the national legislature to national legislature to

be based on state be based on state population.population.

• The Great Compromise The Great Compromise (aka: the Connecticut Compromise)(aka: the Connecticut Compromise)

• • equal representation in one equal representation in one legislative house. legislative house.• representation to be based on • representation to be based on state population in the other state population in the other legislative house. legislative house.• slaves to be counted for both • slaves to be counted for both taxation and representation taxation and representation

• the Virginia Planthe Virginia Plan

We We LARGERLARGER states states supported supported thisthis plan: plan:

• the Federalist Papersthe Federalist Papers

I was an interpretation of I was an interpretation of the Constitution so that the Constitution so that

the people could the people could understand and support it.understand and support it.

• Anti-FederalistsAnti-Federalists

We wanted the legislative We wanted the legislative branch of government to branch of government to

have more power than the have more power than the executive branch…executive branch…

• the Federaliststhe Federalists

We favored dividing We favored dividing powers among different powers among different branches of government.branches of government.

• FirstFirst –– (Freedom of Religion)(Freedom of Religion)

Thomas Jefferson’s Thomas Jefferson’s “Statute “Statute for Religious Freedom” for Religious Freedom”

became the basis for the became the basis for the ____ Amendment…____ Amendment…

• It didn’t contain a It didn’t contain a ‘Bill of Rights’ ‘Bill of Rights’

Patrick Henry Patrick Henry andand George George Mason Mason bothboth opposed opposed

ratification of the ratification of the Constitution… Constitution… because?because?

TEST TEST TomorrowTomorrow!!

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