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S}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \*\tx5813\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Vigotski, Fundamentos da Defectologia,}\tab \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {visa fomentar uma investigao}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {introdutria acerca dos problemas fundam}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {entais da defectologia. Indica-se que}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {a deficincia e a decorrente educao escolar deparam-se com \uc1\u8220Xproblemas\uc1\u8221X de}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {natureza muito mais histrico-social }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {do que de natureza biolgica. Com efeito, }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ressalta-se a importncia do estudo do de}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {senvolvimento da criana com defeito}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {a partir do materialismo histrico-dial}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {tico, que advoga ser o homem portador}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {de uma essncia histrica. Assim,}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { compreende-se, luz dos estudos }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {vigotskianos, que a tipologia do defeito }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { um fenmeno de ordem social e no}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {essencialmente biolgica.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Palavras-chave:}\b0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Defectologia. Vigotski. Educao Escolar.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-440\slmult0 \fs12\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {1}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Trabalho apresentado na VII Semana de Hum}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {anidades da UFC e UECE, realizada em maio }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {de 2010. Trata-se de uma pesquisa surgida no contexto do grupo de estudos Vigotski e a }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Defectologia, promovido pelo Instituto de Est}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {udos e Pesquisas do Movimento Operrio \uc1\u8211X IMO,}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {vinculado ao Centro de Educao da Univer}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {sidade Estadual do Cear \uc1\u8211X UECE. Todas as}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {citaes extradas da edio cubana do Tomo V das Obras Completas}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {: Fundamentos da }\i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Defectologia}\i0 { }\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {de Liev Seminovich Vigotski foram traduzida}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {s no referido grupo, sob a orientao }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {e coordenao da Prof. Dr. Betnia Moraes. }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs12\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {2}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Graduada em Pedagogia pela Universidade Estadual do Cear \uc1\u8211X UECE. Pesquisadora-}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Colaboradora do Instituto de Estudos e Pes}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {quisas do Movimento Operrio \uc1\u8211X IMO/UECE}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {.}\b0 { }\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {E-}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {mail:}{ }\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {natasha_acl@yahoo.com.br.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs12\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {3}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Mestranda do Curso de Mestrado Acadmico }\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {em Educao da Universidade Estadual do}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Cear \uc1\u8211X CMAE/UECE. Pesquisadora-Colaborado}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ra do Instituto de Estudos e Pesquisas do}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Movimento Operrio \uc1\u8211X IMO/UECE. E-mail:}{ }\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {adele_arte@yahoo.com.br.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs12\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {4}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Doutora em Educao Brasileira pela Universi}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {dade Federal do Cear \uc1\u8211X UFC. Professora da }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Universidade Estadual do Cear \uc1\u8211X UECE. Pesqui}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {sadora-Orientadora do Instituto de Estudos e }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Pesquisas do Movimento Operrio da Universi}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {dade Estadual do Cear \uc1\u8211X IMO/UECE. 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0}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn0\margtsxn640\margbsxn226\pard\li1560\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {REVISTA}\b0 { }\fs18\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {ELETRNICA}\b0 { }\fs20\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {ARMA}\b0 { }\fs22\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {DA}\b0 { }\fs18\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {CRTICA}\b0 { }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {|}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {ANO}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {2:}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {NMERO}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {ESPECIAL}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {|}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {DEZEMBRO}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {2010}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {|}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {ISSN}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {1984}\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8208X}\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {4735}\par\pard\li2333\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2333\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2333\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2333\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2333\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {DEFECTOLOGY FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEMS: A PRELIMINARY}\b0 \par\pard\li4213\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {APPROACH BASED UPON}\b0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b { VIGOTSKI LEGACY}\b0 \par\pard\li1106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1106\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Abstract}\b0 \par\pard\li1106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1106\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {This brief analysis, based on Tome V }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {of L. S. Vigotski Chosen Works,}\par\pard\li1106\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Defectology Foundations, seeks to present}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { an introductory investigation about }\par\pard\li1106\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {the fundamental problems of defectology}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {. It is pointed out that the deficiency}\par\pard\li1106\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {and the resulting process of schooling are }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {faced with much more social-historic }\par\pard\li1106\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8220Xproblems\uc1\u8221X than biological ones. In fact, it}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { is emphasized that the studies about}\par\pard\li1106\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {the child with defect should be developed on }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {the basis of the dialectical-historic}\par\pard\li1106\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {materialism, in which perspective, men carry}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { a historical essence. This way, it }\par\pard\li1106\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {is understood, from the Vigotskian frame }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {of reference, that the defect typology }\par\pard\li1106\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {is essentially a phenomenon of a social}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {, rather than a biological order.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Keywords:}\b0 { }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Defectology. Vigotski. School Education.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Introduo}\b0 \par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Lev Semenovich Vigotski, principal }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {expoente da Psicologia Histrico-}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Cultural, nasceu em 17 de novembro de }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {1896. Barroco (2007) faz uma diviso}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {acerca da biografia acadm}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ica de Vigotski e a divide}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { em dois momentos: o}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {primeiro, que vai de 1896 a 1924; e }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {o segundo, que data de 1924 a 1934, }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {perodo marcado por uma intensa produ}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {o cientfica, que finda com sua morte}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {nesse ltimo ano. No Tomo I das Obra}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {s Escolhidas, cuja edio de 1982, }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {podemos evidenciar a forte formao do }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {terico sovitico em Filosofia e}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Psicologia, com uma particularizao na }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Filosofia clssica alem. Barroco}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {(2007, p.205) ainda complem}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {enta que a vida de Vigotski:}\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {[...] constitui-se numa trajetria de }\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {luta ideolgica e terica, que se}\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {reflete em sua busca pela criao da Psicologia e da Defectologa de}\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {fato cientficas, pela criao de uma cincia materialista histrica}\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {dialtica da criana anormal e difcil.}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \*\tx3506\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Vigotski (}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {apud}\i0 \tab \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {BARROCO, 2007, p.199) apont}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {a que \uc1\u8220X[...] como na}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {prpria Rssia as ideias ocidentais }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {tinham guarida, mesmo sob o norte do}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {materialismo histrico-dialtico, fazi}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {a-se uma psicologia idealista\uc1\u8221X. 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\fs18\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {REVISTA}\b0 { }\fs18\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {ELETRNICA}\b0 { }\fs20\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {ARMA}\b0 { }\fs22\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {DA}\b0 { }\fs18\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {CRTICA}\b0 { }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {|}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {ANO}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {2:}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {NMERO}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {ESPECIAL}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {|}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {DEZEMBRO}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {2010}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {|}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {ISSN}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {1984}\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8208X}\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {4735}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-506\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {primeiros anos aps a Revoluo de Outubro}{\super \fs16\up4\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {5}}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { no era clara a criao de uma}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Psicologia no idealista}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { por parte dos psiclogos russos. Contudo, em 1923, }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx2520\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Kornilov}{\super \fs16\up4\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {6}}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {, no}\tab \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {I Congresso de Psiconeurologia,}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { aponta a necessidade de uma}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Psicologia marxista, moment}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {o no qual se comea a discutir acerca das teses }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {apoiadas no marxismo. Partindo deste em}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {bate, Kornilov passa, ento, a dirigir }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {o Instituto de Psicologia de Moscou. }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {No II Congresso de Psiconeurologia, Vigotski estabelece um marco na}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {sua vida acadmico-profissional, pois, ao}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { fazer uma conferncia intitulada}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Mtodos na investigao reflexolgica e psicolgica}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { convidado por Kornilov a}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {compor, juntamente com Luria}{\super \fs16\up4\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {7}}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {, Leontiev}{\super \fs16\up4\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {8}}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { e outros estudiosos o quadro de}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {pesquisadores do Instituto de Psicologia, e }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { por esse caminho que se institui a}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8220Xescola psicolgica de Vygotski\uc1\u8221X (LEONTIEV}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {apud}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { BARROCO, 2007).}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Feita, em linhas gerais,}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { a apresentao do autor, foco de nosso estudo, }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {e do contexto histrico social pelo qual}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { o mesmo perpassou, apresentamos, por }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {conseguinte, como se deu a crise na }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {cincia psicolgica}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { que abriu caminho}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {para a fundamentao da escola vigotski}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ana numa perspectiva materialista-}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {histrica. Posteriormente,}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { analisamos, de forma introd}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {utria, alguns problemas}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {fundamentais da defectologi}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {a, ressaltados no Tomo}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {V}\i0 { }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {das Obras Escolhidas -}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs12\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {5}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { A Revoluo de Outubro, na Rssia, tambm conhecida como Revoluo Bolchevique, ou }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Revoluo Vermelha, foi a segunda fase da Revoluo Russa de 1917. Ver mais em:}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {TROTSKI, Leon.}{ }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {A Revoluo de Outubro}\b0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {. So Paulo: Boitempo Editorial, 2007.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {6}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { \uc1\u8220XKonstantin Nikolayevich Kornilov (1879-1957) }\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {trabalhou como mestre em Sibria. Em 1910 }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {terminou a Universidade de Moscou. Desde 1923 at 1930 e desde 1938 at 1941 foi diretor do}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Instituto de psicologia, que havia fundado e dirigiu at 1923. Desde 1943 foi membro da }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {academia de cincias pedaggicas da RSFSR, em que desempenhou como vice-presidente }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {at 1950.\uc1\u8221X (traduo nossa). Para ver mais vide Shuare (1990, p.39-43). }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {7}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Alexander Romanovich Luria (1902-1977), eminente}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { psiclogo sovitico, juntou-se, em 1923, }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ao grupo do Instituto de Psicologia de Moscou, on}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {de associa-se a Leontiev. No II Congresso }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Nacional de Psiconeurologia, em 1924, conhe}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ce Vigotski, o qual passa a fazer parte do }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Instituto, constituindo-se, assim, a trica, que }\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {passa a desenvolver diversos estudos com vistas}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {a construo de uma psicologia marxista. A}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ps a morte de Vigotski, em 1934, Luria,}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {juntamente com Leontiev e outros colaboradores, }\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {d continuidade a perspectiva vigotskiana.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Ver LURIA, A. R. }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {A Construo da Mente}\b0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {. Traduo de Marcelo Brando Cipolla. So Paulo:}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {cone, 1992. }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {8}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Alexei Nikolaevich Leontiev (1903=1979) fo}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {i um importante psiclogo russo. Em 1923,}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Leontiev, que fazia parte do Instituto de Psicol}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ogia de Moscou, conhece Luria. Em 1924, com o }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ingresso de Vigotski no Instituto, tem-se a fo}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {rmao da trica, desenvolvendo estudos para a }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {construo de uma psicologia de base marxista. Aps a morte de Vigotski, Leontiev continuou }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {em colaborao com Luria, seguindo os press}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {upostos fundamentais da Psicologia Histrico-}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Cultural. Ver: GOLDER, Mrio (Org.). }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Leontiev e a psicologia histrico-cultural}\b0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {: um homem }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {em seu tempo. Traduo de Clia Regina Ba}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {rbosa Ramos. 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\fs18\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {REVISTA}\b0 { }\fs18\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {ELETRNICA}\b0 { }\fs20\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {ARMA}\b0 { }\fs22\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {DA}\b0 { }\fs18\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {CRTICA}\b0 { }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {|}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {ANO}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {2:}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {NMERO}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {ESPECIAL}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {|}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {DEZEMBRO}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {2010}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {|}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {ISSN}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {1984}\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8208X}\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {4735}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Fundamentos da Defectologia}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {, a citar: as categorias compensao e}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {sentimento de menosvalia; a relao entre o desenvolvimento motriz e}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {intelectual; a histria }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {do desenvolvimento cultural da criana com defeito}{\super \fs16\up4\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {9}}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {,}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {inseridos nos problemas gerais da }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {defectologia terica e prtica.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {A crise na psicologia e as bases metodolgicas da escola de Vigotski}\b0 \par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {O incio do sculo XX foi caracter}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {izado por um processo de crise que}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {marcou as Cincias Psicolgicas. Facci (2}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {004, p.149) ressalta }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {que, no contexto }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {sovitico, essa \uc1\u8220X[...] n}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {o era uma crise especfica }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {daquele pas e sim uma crise}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {que se estendia mundialmente\uc1\u8221X.}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx3240\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Riviri (}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {apud}\i0 \tab \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {FACCI, 2004, p.151) aponta, num}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {a perspectiva histrica, }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {que a Psicologia apresentava-}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {se de maneira pluriforme }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {e, ainda, complementa}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {que \uc1\u8220X[...] Era aquela uma psic}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ologia multiparadigmtica,}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { de grandes linhas de}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {pensamento, cheias de investigaes e solues geniais\uc1\u8221X.}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Portanto, corroboramos com as i}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {deias apresentadas, ao entender que a}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {crise da Cincia Psicolgica estava }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {e continua na variedade de compreenso}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {dos fenmenos e na fragmenta}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {o da prpria cincia. Como assevera Duarte}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {(2003, p. 40),}\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {[...] crise essa caracterizada pela }\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {contradio entre, por um lado, o }\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {acmulo de dados obtidos por meio das pesquisas empricas e, por}\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {outro lado, a total fragmentao da psicologia em uma grande }\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {quantidade de correntes tericas construdas com base e}\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {pressupostos muito pouco consistentes.}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Vigotski (1996) defendi}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {a a necessidade de uma }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Psicologia geral e}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {unificada, fundamentada em um vis marx}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ista, para superao da ciso entre a}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {psicologia idealista e natura}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {lista. Duarte (2003, p.40) confirma essa posio ao}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-480\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {9}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Segundo Grigorenko (}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {apud}\i0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Barroco, 2007, p. 187) \uc1\u8220X[...] o term}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {o defeito, em russo, sinnimo}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {de \uc1\u8216Ximpedimento\uc1\u8217X e, devido generalidade do si}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {gnificado psicolgico do termo na medicina e}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {na pedagogia, ele corresponde a uma tradio de se}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { tratar de forma holstica indivduos com }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {algum tipo de incapacidade; isso remota aos primeiros estudos acerca de como se deveriam}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {tratar os indivduos com 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0}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn0\margtsxn640\margbsxn226\pard\li1560\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {REVISTA}\b0 { }\fs18\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {ELETRNICA}\b0 { }\fs20\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {ARMA}\b0 { }\fs22\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {DA}\b0 { }\fs18\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {CRTICA}\b0 { }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {|}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {ANO}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {2:}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {NMERO}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {ESPECIAL}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {|}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {DEZEMBRO}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {2010}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {|}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {ISSN}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {1984}\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8208X}\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {4735}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {apontar que \uc1\u8220XA construo da psicologia }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {marxista era vista por Vigotski no}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {como surgimento de mais uma entre as }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {correntes da psicologia, mas sim como}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {processo de construo de uma psic}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ologia verdadeiramente cientfica\uc1\u8221X.}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Desta forma, a partir do que foi di}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {scorrido, a importncia do estudo da}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {teoria vigotskiana acerca da defectol}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ogia pode ser observada no entendimento}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {de suas teorizaes acerca do tema, pois essas permitem que o indivduo}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx5706\*\tx7320\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {tenha o entendimento }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {sobre si como}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {ser}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { e como}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {devir ser}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {. Todavia, }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ressaltamos que o alicerce histrico-cu}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ltural de sua obra direciona para a}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {transformao de uma nova escola (es}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {pecial ou no), de uma nova sociedade}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {e de um novo homem, com ou sem deficincias (BARROCO, 2007).}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Nesta premissa, reafirmando o pensam}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ento vigotskiano, ressaltamos }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {que os estudos sobre a deficincia dev}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {em ser alicerados em aspectos }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {histricos e culturais, e que a signi}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ficao da mesma deve ser pautada para}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {alm de uma realidade }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {prtica baseada em concepes filosficas e}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {antropolgicas. (GRIGORENKO}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {apud}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { BARROCO, 2007) Assim,}\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {[...] estudos especficos da deficinc}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ia exigem que os investigadores }\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {transponham das prticas clnicas}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { e das sesses de reabilitao}\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {teraputica em direo considerao da cultura e da comunidade}\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {em que os indivduos e famlias vivem. Mas no s isso, exigem }\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {dos investigadores que examinem a sociedade em suas condies}\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {globais. (BARROCO, 2007, p.195-196).}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Gindis (}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {apud}\i0 { }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {BARROCO, 2007, p. 204) afirma }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {que a defectologia foi \uc1\u8220X[...]}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {o principal domnio empri}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {co do qual Vygotski obtev}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {e dados para apoiar suas }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {concepes tericas gerais\uc1\u8221X. }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Wertsch e Knox, Kozulin (}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {apud}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { BARROSO, 2007, }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {p. 205) complementam, ai}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {nda, as elaboraes de Gi}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ndis, ao afirmarem que: }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8220XMuitos dos conceitos principais de }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {sua Teoria Histrico-Cultural foram}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {elaborados nessa estrutura da Educa}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {o Especial e de suas terminologias}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {tericas\uc1\u8221X.}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {O prprio Vigotski (1989) acrescent}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {a que a defectologia assume o}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {carter de ramo da cincia a partir do }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {momento em que especificado seu}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {intento, este entendido como a pecul}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {iaridade qualitativa do desenvolvimento}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {das crianas com defeito. 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\fs18\cf0\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {[...] luta atualmente por uma tese fundamental em cuja defesa est a }\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {nica garantia de sua existncia como cincia e precisamente a}\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {tese que sustenta: a criana, cujo desenvolvimento se v complicado }\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {por um defeito, no simplesmente menos desenvolvida que seus }\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {pares normais uma criana, porm desenvolvida de outro modo. }\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {(VIGOTSKI, 1989, p.3 \uc1\u8211X traduo nossa). }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-453\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Problemas fundamentais da de}\b0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {fectologia terica e prtica}\b0 \par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Segundo Vigotski (1989), a defectologi}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {a era considerad}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {a uma cincia}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8220Xmenor\uc1\u8221X perante as outras, e todos os pr}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {oblemas relacionados investigao}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {da criana com defeito eram tidos co}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {mo quantitativos, ou seja, os mtodos }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {psicolgicos buscavam uma c}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {oncepo quantitativa do desenvolvimento infantil}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {originado pelo defeito, os quais determi}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {navam o grau da capacidade intelectual, }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {sem caracterizar o prprio defeito }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {e a estrutura interna da personalidade}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {originada por ele.}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { exatamente este debate entre vari}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {aes quantitativas, presentes na}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {defectologia tradicional, e }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {a anlise qualitativa do des}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {envolvimento da criana, }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {defendida por Vigotski (1989)}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {, o contedo essencial da }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {crise da defectologia}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {em voga:}\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {A luta das duas concepes defectolgicas no mundo, das duas }\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ideias polares e dos dois princpios, constituem o contedo vivo da }\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {crise favorvel que experimenta esta esfera do conhecimento }\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {cientfico na atualidade (VIGOTSK}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {I, 1989, p.3 \uc1\u8211X traduo nossa). }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {A estrutura orgnica e }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {psicolgica desenvolvida em uma criana com}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {defeito no pode ser considerada como }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {um simples conjunto de funes e}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {propriedades desenvolvido de modo prec}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {rio, pois, segundo a perspectiva }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {vigotskiana, esse conjunto estrutural}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { representa um tipo peculiar de}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {desenvolvimento qualitativament}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {e distinto da criana no}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {rmal. Vigotski (1989, }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {p.3 \uc1\u8211X traduo nossa) assevera: \uc1\u8220XA }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {especificidade da es}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {trutura orgnica e}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {psicolgica, do tipo de desenvolviment}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {o e de personalidade, so as que}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {diferenciam a criana defic}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {iente mental, da criana normal, e no so prprias }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {propores quantitativas\uc1\u8221X. }\par\pard\li9266\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li9266\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li9266\ri0\sl-440\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 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\fs18\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {REVISTA}\b0 { }\fs18\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {ELETRNICA}\b0 { }\fs20\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {ARMA}\b0 { }\fs22\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {DA}\b0 { }\fs18\cf1\f0\charscalex100\b {CRTICA}\b0 { }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {|}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {ANO}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {2:}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {NMERO}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {ESPECIAL}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {|}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {DEZEMBRO}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {2010}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {|}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {ISSN}{ }\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {1984}\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8208X}\fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {4735}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {O postulado central da defecto}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {logia contempor}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {nea compreende que}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx7493\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {qualquer defeito origina estm}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ulos para a constituio da}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {compensao}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {. Por}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {isso mesmo, a defectologia enquanto ci}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ncia no pode limitar-se ao estudo }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {quantitativo do defeito. Neste sentido, }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Vigotski (1989, p.5 \uc1\u8211X traduo nossa)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {advoga que o objeto de }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {estudo da defectologia \uc1\u8220X[...] n}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {o o a insuficincia por }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ela mesma, seno a criana assoberbada }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {pela insuficincia\uc1\u8221X. E, ainda, }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {complementa que \uc1\u8220X[...] a reao do organ}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ismo e da personalidade da criana,}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ante o defeito, o ponto fundamental centra}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {l, a realidade nica com a qual tem }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {haver a defectologia.\uc1\u8221X (VIGOTSKI, 1989, }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {p.5 \uc1\u8211X traduo nossa). Vale ressaltar}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {que, para Vigotski, o desenvol}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {vimento da criana com def}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {eito no se estrutura}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {no limite do defeito, mas vai de encontro a esta fronteira.}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx2880\*\tx4506\*\tx5213\*\tx5640\*\tx8000\*\tx9266\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Vigotski}\tab \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {compreende}\tab \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {que}\tab \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {a}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {compensao}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { no}\tab \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {processo}\tab \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {de}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {desenvolvimento da criana com defeito }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { uma reao da personalidade ante a}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {deficincia. Em relao a es}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {te ponto, afirma que: }\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {[...] sempre e sob todas as circunstncias, o desenvolvimento}\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {complicado pela deficincia constitui um processo criador (orgnico e}\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {psicolgico) de construo e reconstruo da personalidade da}\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {criana, sobre a base da reor}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ganizao de todas as funes de}\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {readaptao, da formao de novos processos, quer dizer, }\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {superestruturadores, substituidores e equilibradores, originados pela }\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {deficincia, e do surgimento de novas vias de acesso para o }\par\pard\li3306\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {desenvolvimento (VIGOTSKI, 1989, p.7 \uc1\u8211X traduo nossa). }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-466\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Outro problema fundamental }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {da defectologia contempornea o}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {sentimento de}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {menosvalia}\i0 {\super \fs16\up4\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {10}\i0 }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {, conceito que Vigotski (1989)}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { explica por meio do}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {entendimento de que a ao do defeito sobr}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {e a criana sempre secundria,}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {indireta e reflexa, ou }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {seja, a criana em si no }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {se percebe deficiente. No}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {entanto, a consequncia direta do defeito}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { para a criana se reflete atravs da}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {diminuio de sua posio social, uma }\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {vez que o estigma de deficiente se}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {concretiza atravs das relaes que a criana mantm com a sociedade. }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Desse modo, retomando os concei}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {tos anteriormente discutidos,}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {percebemos que o desenvolvimento da cr}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {iana com defeito depende tanto do}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs12\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {10}\fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { O termo }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {sentimento de menosvalia}\i0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {, foi primeiramente introduzido teoria da compensao }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {pelo psicolgo austraco Alfred Adler (Viena, 7 de fevereiro de 1870 \uc1\u8212X Aberdeen, 28 de maio}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {de 1937), o qual atribua, segundo Vigostski (1989), um caratr meramente biolgico,}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {hereditrio e psquico. }\par\pard\li9266\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {54}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft-1093\shptop0\shpright16040\shpbottom533\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2064\shpz0\shpbxpage\shpbypage\absh16840\absw11893{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 75}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn pibFlags}{\sv 2}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fEditedWrap}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn pib}{\sv 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\fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {sentimento de}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {menosvalia}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {, compreendido por Vigotski (1989, p.10 \uc1\u8211X traduo}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {nossa) como \uc1\u8220X[...] a realizao social }