Impacts of Wheat Stripe Rust in Uzbekistan: Breeding and Control

Strategies

Z. F. Ziyadullaev, R.C. Sharma, A.A. Amanov, Z. M. Ziyaev, Z.I. Khalikulov, S.M. Alikulov

International Wheat Stripe Rust SymposiumICARDA, Aleppo, Syria

18-20 March

Kashkadarya Grain Breeding and Seed production Research Institute

Map of Uzbekistan

Population: 28 mln

Wheat production statistics in Uzbekistan

Wheat Improvement Priorities in Uzbekistan

• Yield potential• Quality• Disease resistance

• Stripe rust• Leaf rust

• Insect pest resistance• Drought and heat tolerance• Salinity tolerance• Cold / frost tolerance

Occurrence Crop stage

Damage without spray

Yellow rust

Every year Early Up to 70% yield loss

Leaf rust Once in 5 years

Flowering Up to 20% yield loss

Stem rust Seldom Milking Rare

Wheat Rust Problem in Uzbekistan

Wheat Stripe Rust Epidemics in Uzbekistan:

• Five stripe rust epidemics since 1999 (1999, 2003, 2005, 2009, 2010).

Chillaki Polovchanka

Stripe Rust Research Activities in Uzbekistan

• Identification of resistant varieties• Capacity building• Monitoring and surveillance

Identification of Stripe Rust Resistant Varieties

• Hybridization and selection• International nurseries• Regional collaboration

National Wheat Varietal Improvement

• Germplasm screening and evaluation– Field screening for stripe rust resistance

• Artificial inoculation in the field• Natural disease epiphytotics

– Observation nurseries– Multi-location yield trials

International Nurseries

• International Winter Wheat Program• ICARDA• CIMMYT

Stripe rust resistance – 2010

Nursery

No. of resistant

lines advanced to 2011

Resistant Varieties

submitted

Yield Trial (Selections from 2008, 2009, 2010) Uzbekistan

3 3

IWWIP Yield Trials- 2010 231st WWSRRN 14

Hazrati Bashir = Agri/Nac//Mlt/5/Gov/Az//Mus/3/Dodo/4/Bow/6/Vorona/TR810200

Elomon = KVZ/T171/3/ MAYA//BB/INIA/4/KARDJ2/5/ANZA/6/ORE F1.158/FDL/BLO/3/SHI4414/CROW

Gozgon = AGRI/BJY//VEE/3/AKULA/4/F10S-1

Status of Varietal Resistance

Name of variety

Year of release

Level of yellow rust severity when released

Year when became susceptible to yellow rust

Level of yellow rust severity at present

Kroshka 2000 10-15MR 2009 100SPolovchanka 1999 10MR 2009 100SPamyat 2006 R 2010 100SMoskvich 2007 R 2009 100SKrasnodar99 2006 R 2009 60SKuma 2006 10MR 2009 40MRKupava 1999 10MR 2009 80STanya 2006 R 2009 60SChillaki 2002 15-20MR 2009 100SBobur 2006 20MR 2009 80SAndijon4 2004 10MR 2009 100SAndijon2 2003 20MR 2009 100SDustlik 2005 10MR 2010 30SEsaul 2008 5MR 10MRNota 2007 20MR 2010 40MSStarshina 2004 10MR 2009 40MS-SJayhun 2004 20MR 2009 10MS

Capacity Building• Training of young researchers

National Institutions• Uzbek Scientific Production Center

– Kashkadarya Grain Breeding and Seed Production Research Institute

– Andijan Research Institute– Gallarol Research Institute– Uzbek Research Institute of Plant Industry

• Institute of Genetics and Experimental biology• Tashkent Agrarian University• Samarkand Agricultural Institute

Monitoring and Surveillance of Wheat Rusts

• Monitoring of rust pathogens by Plant Protection Center through out crop cycle

• Annual surveillance of rust pathogens in collaboration with ICARDA and FAO

• Rust Trap Nurseries evaluated in different sites• Collaboration with Aarhus University, Denmark

and Washington State University, USA for race analysis

Rust Surveillance

Wheat Stripe Rust Control Strategies

• A combination of available resistant varieties and fungicide spray is used to minimize losses due to stripe rust.

Additional Efforts

• Incorporate characterized stripe rust resistance genes into commercial cultivars

• Using of marker-assisted selection• Characterization pathogen populations

Collaboration

•ICARDA•CIMMYT• BGRI •FAO• Advance Labs in Australia, Denmark and the USA

Acknowledgement

• ICARDA • CIMMYT• FAO• BGRI•Advance Labs in Australia, Denmark and the USA

Thank you for attention