Information Technology:Human Capital

Kar Lo Duniya Mutthee Mein

By

Dr T.H. Chowdary* Director, Center for Telecom Management & Studies

* Chairman, Pragna Bharati (Intellect India), AP* Former Information Technology Adviser, Government of A.P

Chairman & Managing Director Videsh Sanchar Nigam Ltd., BombayT: +91 (40) 2784-6137/6667-1191(O) F: +91 (40) 2789-6103/6667-1111 (O)

thc@satyam.comTalk @ Siddhartha College: Vijayawada:

on 12 Sept 2008

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 2

Power of Knowledge

Knowledge will forever govern ignorance and people who mean to be their own governors must arm themselves with the power which

knowledge gives – James Madison

(Inscription at the entrance to the Library of Congress)

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 3

Power of Knowledge

Na hi gnaanena sadrisam

Pavitramiha vidyate

-Bhagawat Gita (4-38)

There is nothing

comparable to

Jnaana in sacredness (power)

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 4

GALLOPING KNOWLEDGE

• By the time the child born today graduates from college, the amount of knowledge will be four times as great

• By the time he is 50, it will be 32 times as great

• And 97% of everything known in the world will have been learnt since that child was born

• The memorising of reams of facts will not be necessary; they will be quickly available on computers.

• But future man will need great wisdom if only to know what is it he wants

So: Continuous learning and contemplation

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 5

RATE OF GROWTH OF KNOWLEDGE

NO. OF SCIENCE JOURNALS SUBSCRIBED BY

THE NATIONAL LIBRARY IN THE USA

1965 1967 1990 1996 2008

20,000 26,000 50,000 55,000 65,000

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 6

RATE OF GROWTH OF KNOWLEDGE

SCIENTIFIC PAPERS IN EXISTENCE

1970 1990 1996 2000 2007

10M 30M 40M 60M 120M

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 7

RATE OF GROWTH OF KNOWLEDGE

NO. OF SCIENTIFIC PAPERS PUBLISHED

Country 1980 2000 No. of Paper/ mil. people

S.Korea 175 12,013 270

China 924 22,061 19

Brazil 2,215 9,565 70

India 4,983 12,217 12

Israel 5,773 9,292 1,550

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 8

RATE OF GROWTH OF KNOWLEDGE

CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS ADDED

1997 250,000

1970 340,000

1980 800,000

1995 1,500,000

2000 2,000,000

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 9

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS (USA)•Annual Budget: $ 330 m ( Rs. 1,485 Cr.)

up from $ 9 m ( Rs. 5 Cr. In 1950)• Contains: • 128 million items• 849 km of shelves• 29 million books and other printed materials. (500 languages)• 2.7 million recordings• 12 million photographs• 4.8 million maps• 57 million manuscripts• 2.0 m illionvisitors/year• 5,000 Staff

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 10

National Library: Kolkota (1/2)

Total number of books 2,270,954 Number of books in Indian languages 558,516 Number of Maps 86,682 Number of manuscripts 3,227 Number of books received under

the D.B. Act 919,724 Number of current periodical titles 17,530 Number of bound periodicals 118,146 Number of Newspapers (titles) 902 Number of bound Newspapers 11,745

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 11

National Library: Kolkota (22)

Number of Indian Official Documents 486,102 Number of Microfilms 4,988 Number of Microfiche 95,206 Total capacity of reading rooms

accommodation 564 Total self space more than 45 Km. Total area of Belvedre Campus 30 acres Total covered area in the Library buildings

245, 696 sq. ft.

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 12

India as base of R&D

• Foreign companies setting up Development centers in India

• Texas Instruments, Motorola, QUALCOM; HUAEI, ZTE, Microsoft, Alcatel, Siemens, Huawi

• Pharma companies too

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 13

Foreign Companies Engaging Indian intellect

• GE – Largest R&D center outside USA is in India in Bangalore with 2300 researchers, double that in Shanghai

• GE put in $ 80 mln in the Bangalore R&D facility• GE’s Bangalore R&D field for 260 patents in the USA (37 already

approved)• Boeing USA is outsourcing Aircraft design to Russia ( $ 120/

Hr) • Russians are outsourcing parts of the design to HAL (BG) at $

30/Hr • Gorbachev went to USA to recommend Moscow as Bangalore’s

rival!• An Indian retained does the work of 2 or 3 Europeans;

does not take 6 weeks of holidays & costs one-fourth

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 14

Some Foreign Companies’ Employees in India

GE Caps

GE Dev IBM Oracle EDS Texas

16,000 1,800 10,000 6000 3,500 900

Intel JP Morgan

HUWAI Siemens Motorola

1,700 1,200 1,500 2000 1,500

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 15

Scores of Fortune 500 cos. Have their R&D Centers in India

• Siemens; Motorola; Huawi;

Ericsson; CIT-Alcatel; Qualcom;

Lucent; IBM; Microsoft; CISCO, Cognizant

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 16

Indian Talent Works for Others

• GE- largest R&D center outside USA in Bangalore 2300 – double that in Shanghai – $ 80 mln Bangalore center – Filed for 260 patents (37 appvd.)

• Motorola: 1700 employees– 40% of software in its mobiles from India– The Internet Browser and multimedia messge system

conceived & developed for 3G,GSM, engineered– Global automakers ( 3 to 5)% on R&D

• India: 150K computer graduates• HUWAI & ZTE….

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 17

Foreign Companies Engaging Indian intellect

• Boeing USA is outsourcing Aircraft design to Russia ( $ 120/ Hr)

• Russians are outsourcing parts of the design to HAL (BG) at $ 30/Hr

• Gorbachev went to USA to recommend Moscow as Bangalore’s rival!

• An Indian retained does the work of 2 or 3 Europeans;

does not take 6 weeks of holidays & costs one-fourth

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Google (1)

• Founded :1998

• Larry Page & Sergey Brin

• Stanford Graduate Students turned their research project into a Tech-company

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Google (2)

• Search engine: Organise the World’s Information

• Google: 1 followed by hundred zeros• Gives one day week for its employees to

spend on experimental projects of their choice

• Handles 2/3 rds of the world’s searches; 650 mln users

• Motto: Don’t Be Evil

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Google(3)

• Digital Dynasty gave us:– Google Earth– Google News– Gmail

• Digitising health records & books, sells business software on the Internet.

• Extending/ embracing mobile phones• Bought on-line video-sharing site You Tube for $ 1.65 bln in Y2006• Focus Internet for the next 10 years.

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 21(Source: Hindu Business Line, Sept 9, 2008)

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Share of High Tech Manufacturing Value Added

US China EU India

1985 34 1.53 25 0.12

2005 35 16.06 20 0.43

(Source: Hindu Business Line, Sept 9, 2008)

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 23(Source: Hindu Business Line, Sept 9, 2008)

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Share of High Tech Value Added in Manufacturing Value Added

1985 13.7 9.66 8.4 4.3

2005 24.2 14.26 29.4 8.6

(Source: Hindu Business Line, Sept 9, 2008)

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 25(Source: Hindu Business Line, Sept 9, 2008)

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 26

Ratio of Export Sales to Revenues

US EU China India

1985 25 (75% in 1995)

9

2005 60 25

(Source: Hindu Business Line, Sept 9, 2008)

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 27(Source: Hindu Business Line, Sept 9, 2008)

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 28

Share of World Exports, Imports and Gross Revenue of Hi-tech Manufacturing Industries

US EU China India

1985 24 19 2.5 0.12

2005 12 12.5 20 0.20

(Source: Hindu Business Line, Sept 9, 2008)

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Haath Haath mein telephone

• 3500 mln (3.5 cr) Cell phones in the world

• China – 600m

• India – 300m

• Ratio of Price of an year’s phone service to PCI

1951 1994 2008

2.5 1.0 0.12

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Karlo Dunia Mutthee mein

• Cell phone weight down from 400gms to 80 gms• Battery power up from a few hours upto 2 days• Size less than pocket calculator• Has:

– Digital camera – Internet connectivity– Video telephone– SMS/e-mail– Radio– Video clips– Google-Maps– GPS/GIS

• Duniya Mutthee Mein

THC_CTMS S393_Sept'08 31

Dhanyawad:Thank You