*INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

Members:

*Feijoo Diaz, Esther

*Ruiz Chavez ,Betsy

*Trinidad Cerda, Yanet

*Valladares Cardenas, Jorge

In the nineteenth century, international organizations respond to two needs.

• a general desire for peace and progress of peaceful relations (universal international organization in principle as to its object and its geographical extension).

• And precise needs and limited to particular issues (multiple organizations)

the nineteenth century, the first international organizations to meet particular needs primarily in the communications field and then in other state interests.

International organizations with universal vocation and political purposes

born after the First World War, the number of international organizations currently exceeds the figure of 170.

* ORIGIN OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

* CONCEPT AND CHARACTERS

The term international organizations, is used in two main ways.

•The first relates to the way it is organized international society (its structure).

•The second refers to international organizations in particular.

From the legal point there is no generally accepted definition of international organizations, but has six differences

*Interstate Character: going beyond a national level and is an association of states.

*Permanent organ system: this element separates organizations of the conference that do not have a permanent organ system.

*Voluntary nature: are created by the will of a number of states.

*Autonomous will: the organization has a different legally recognized will of the member states (eg the UN through the views expressed by the secretary general).

*Own competence: in the matters required by treaty.

*Institutionalized international cooperation: its purpose is to meet the needs of achieving peaceful relations, collective economic progress.

*CLASSIFICATIONFor their participation:

*Universal. They are free to join the states that wish (UN)

*Restricted: for some reason, either geographically or otherwise, not all countries belong to them (EU).

For your stuff:

*General competence: These organizations have no restrictions on the topics covered (OAS).

*Specific competence: are organizations to address a problem or particular topic (World Intellectual Property Organization).

By his method of cooperation:

*Control: oversee compliance with a treaty or convention.

*Operational: those acting on their own in the international arena (World Bank).

* Integration: whose organs are traditionally comprised of members skills sovereign powers of the states (EU).

*The legal status of International Organizations

International organizations have a distinct separate legal existence of the set of states that compose it.

International organizations can exercise specific rights and assume obligations at the national or international legal framework.

The personality of organizations is limited to its objectives and functions.

International organizations are individualized entities, differing from its functions and its objectives, so it is impossible to refer to a single legal personality for all.

International organizations to accomplish their functions are called to act both in domestic legal bodies States and international legal order.

*The existence legal of international

organizations

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Succession

Dissolution

*Creation

*International organizations are created by an international agreement between states.

*In the absence of territorial base organizations are forced to establish in the territory of one or more states, members or not of the organization.

*the existence of the organization is reflected in a series of symbols, similar to those of States; such as flag, abbreviations, hymns and others.

* The continuity of the Organization will not be affected by that may increase or may decrease its members.

*Succession

*An organization may transfer its functions to another organization.

*For an organization to replace another need the approval of the member states of the organization.

*It may happen that the Deed of the new organization contains a transitional period for the succession of functions to another organization.

*Dissolution

*International organizations may also disappear without any new organization come to resume his duties.

*Sometimes the Treaty itself that it creates fixed them a fixed period.

*Also, the disappearance of an organization may be due to financial difficulties.

*THE STRUCTURE AND FORMATION OF THE WILL IN

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONSStates establish international organizations and these acquire own

bodies, which are independent and it have the mission to perform functions that have objectives of common interest.

Furthermore, there is not institutional structure equal for all Organizations, so this will go perfecting.

 

In conclusion; the organizational structure of organizations is not static and it is not the same for all. Otherwise it will go adapting to the new international circumstances.

 

As a result, organizations must be able to develop a different and independent legal will than of its Member States. And the will once already formed, is expressed through the decisions it takes.

*WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION

*BACKGROUND AND DEFINITION

International cooperation in the health field was that given the nature of the issues the international regulation was first considered necessary. The humanitarian character of them is undeniable. On the other hand, improved communications also made it necessary to extend the global field the fight against disease. Since 1850 came succeeding Sanitary Conferences World.

The first took place in Paris in 1861 and adopted an international regulation on quarantine systems - isolation for forty days during epidemics and lazarettos regime in the Mediterranean.

As background must be put in quarantine relive General Convention adopted in 1930 and the creation under the Agreement in 1907 of the International Office of Public Health, which brought together fifty-five states and was equipped with a permanent committee based in Paris.

The League of Nations promoted international cooperation in preventing and controlling diseases and created the so-called Health Organization of the League of Nations with three organs called Secretariat Advisory Committee and Health Committee.

In America was also created the Pan American Health Organization with a permanent office.

The U.N took care to give some unity to the scattered efforts and convened an International Conference on Health, held in New York in 1946, with the participation of sixty-four States and observers from ten international organizations.

In 1946 adopted the draft Constitution of the World Health Organization, which entered into force in 1948 and it has undergone several amendments this Conference.

The agreement concerning the relations of this organization with the United Nations was approved by the United Nations General Assembly in 1946 and entered into force in 1948, when it was approved by the Assembly of the World Health Organization.

Since then has been operating the new specialized agency, which set

its headquarters in Geneva.

*FUNCTIONS AND PURPOSESa) Act as the directing and coordinating authority on international health.

b) Establish and maintain effective collaboration cob UN, Specialized agencies, the governmental health administrations, professional and other organizations as may be deemed appropriate.

c) Helping Govern, upon request, to improve their health services.

d) Provide appropriate technical assistance and, in emergencies, providing the Govern, the necessary cooperation to request or accept.

e) Provide, or assist in providing the request of the UN, services and special health resources, such as the inhabitants of the trust territories groups.

f) Establish and maintain administrative and technical services forming be required, including epidemiological and statistical.

g) Stimulate and advance work to eradicate epidemic, endemic and other.

h) Promote, with the cooperation of other specialized agencies when the accident prevention necessary.

i) Promote cooperation or partnership with other specialized agencies where necessary, improved nutrition, housing, sanitation, recreation, economic or working conditions and other aspects of environmental health.

j) Promote cooperation among scientific and professional groups which contribute to improving health.

k) Promoting conventions, agreements and regulations and make recommendations to deferent international health matters as well as perform the duties that they are assigned to the Organization and are in accordance with its purpose.

l) Promoting health and mental and child welfare and to foster the ability to live in harmony in a world that is constantly changing.

m) To promote activities in the field of mental health, especially those affecting the harmonic relations of men.

n) Promote and conduct research in the field of health.

o) Promote improved standards of teaching and training in the health professions, medicine and related.

p) Study and report, with the cooperation of other agencies where necessary, administrative and social techniques affecting public health and medical care from preventive and curative points of view, including hospital services and social security.

q) Providing information, advice and assistance in the field of health.

r) Assist in developing all peoples informed public opinion on health issues.

s) Establish and revise as needed, the international nomenclature of diseases, causes of death and public health practices.

t) Set diagnostic standards as needed.

u) Develop, establish and promote international standards with respect to food, biological, pharmaceutical and similar.

v) In general, taking all measures necessary to achieve the objective pursued by the Organization.

MEMBERS

• 194 Members.

• UN members part of WHO.

• UN no members approved applications.

• Latin America: Peru, Argentina, Brazil, Chile.

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND

FUNCTIONS OF THE ORGANS

Family, Women`s and Children’s Health (FWC)

Health Systems and Innovation

(HIS)

Health Security (HSE)

HIV/AIDS, TB, Malaria and Neglected

Tropical Diseases (HTM)

Polio, Emergencies and

Country Collaboration

(PEC)

Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health

(NMH)

General Management

(GMG)

GENERAL MANAGEMENT (GMG)

Provide information for decisions making.

Define and control the management and administrative policies.

Provide a good customer-service.

Guarantee transparency in the Organization

FAMILY, WOMEN`S AND

CHILDREN`S HEALTH (FWC)

Ensure women`s health.

Ensure sexual health among men and women.

Reduce infants mortality.

Promote the health of children and adolescents.

Promoting health in older people

HEALTH SYSTEM AND INNOVATION (HIS)

Assist organizations whose conduct activities to improve health.

maintaining optimum health worldwide.

special emphasis on the poorest

HEALTH SECURITY (HSE)

Strengthen, prepare and prevent the risks linked to health security.

To prepare for a health emergency.

Lead when health security emergencies diseases arise.

HIV/AID, TB, MALARIA AND NEGLECTED

TROPICAL DISEASES (HTM)

Combat these diseases.

Create frameworks for public health action against them.

Support the strengthening of the health system.

To join leaders and society to get investment for the battle.

NONCOMUNICABLE DISEASES AND

MENTAL HEALTH (NMH) Minimize the victims for

disability, cancer, diabetes and so on.

Reduce exposure to risk factors such as physical inactivity or unhealthy diet.

Optimize nutrition for public health.

POLIO, EMERGENCIES AND COUNTRY

COLLABORATION (PEC) Eradicate Polio worldwide.

Take actions in humanitarian emergencies.

Provides technical support to countries that carry out inmunization.

Provides skilled personal, medicine or emergency response.

Name: Ebola river in Zaire, Africa

Where outbreaked the *EVD?Villages in Centr

al and West Africa

Symptomsf

ever

severe muscle weakness

sore throat and head

And then:

sometimes internal and external bleeding

diarrhearash skinvomiting

Transmission ways

Contact

with infected live or dead animal

Direct contact

with:

organs

blood

other bodily secretions of infected persons

Previously to

diagnose

EVD…malaria

typhoid

cholera

Lab test seru

m neutralizati

on test

antigen-

capture

detection testsantibo

dy-captur

e enzym

e-linked immunosorbe

nt assay

There is no

vaccine or

treatment, but…

Zmapp

(experimen

tal serum)

WHO respons

eproviding

knowledge

documentation for

research and

control

*EVD: Ebola virus disease

"Interim infection Recommendations Control for care of patients With Suspected or confirmed Filovirus (Ebola, Marburg) haemorrhagic fever"

• how to avoid infection when medical assistance is providing.

• list of general precautions for medical care.

• Purpose: to reduce the risk of transmission.

Thanks