Slide 1

Intro Objective 10/14/2011 Describe the three major types of folds and faults by modeling them. Does rock bend or break or both? Slide 2 Slide 3 Folds Folding the bending of rock layers due to stress Slide 4 Folds: Take the layered clay in both hands, and slowly bend upwards (do not break the clay!) until a fold appears. Draw what you see: Slide 5 Folds: Take the layered clay in both hands, and slowly bend upwards (do not break the clay!) until a fold appears. Draw what you see: Slide 6 Folds: Anticline upward arching folds Slide 7 Folds: Take the layered clay in both hands, and slowly bend downwards (do not break the clay!) until a fold appears. Draw what you see: Slide 8 Folds: Take the layered clay in both hands, and slowly bend downwards (do not break the clay!) until a fold appears. Draw what you see: Slide 9 Folds: Synclines down-ward folds Slide 10 Folds: Take the layered clay in both hands. While keeping both hands horizontal, move one hand upwards slowly, until a new fold appears. Be careful not to break the clay! Draw what you see: Slide 11 Folds: Take the layered clay in both hands. While keeping both hands horizontal, move one hand upwards slowly, until a new fold appears. Be careful not to break the clay! Draw what you see: Slide 12 Folds: Monocline rock layers are folded so that both ends of the fold are horizontal Slide 13 Faults Fault a break in a body of rock along which one block slides relative to another Slide 14 Faults With each piece of clay in your hands, model a normal fault by moving your right hand downwards and your left hand upwards. Draw what you see: Slide 15 Faults With each piece of clay in your hands, model a normal fault by moving your right hand downwards and your left hand upwards. Draw what you see: Slide 16 Faults Normal Fault causes the hanging wall to move down relative to the footwall Slide 17 Faults With each piece of clay in your hands, model a reverse fault by moving your right hand upwards and your left hand downwards. Draw what you see: Slide 18 Faults With each piece of clay in your hands, model a reverse fault by moving your right hand upwards and your left hand downwards. Draw what you see: Slide 19 Faults Reverse Fault causes hanging wall to move up relative to the footwall Slide 20 Faults When rocks are pulled apart One slab of rock slides DOWNWARD When rocks are pushed together One slab of rock slides UPWARD Normal FaultReverse Fault Slide 21 Faults With each piece of clay set on the table in front of you, model a strike-slip fault by pushing one piece of clay forward while pulling the other piece towards you. Draw what you see. Slide 22 Faults With each piece of clay set on the table in front of you, model a strike-slip fault by pushing one piece of clay forward while pulling the other piece towards you. Draw what you see. Slide 23 Faults Strike-slip Fault opposing forces cause rock to break and move horizontally (like at a transform boundary) Slide 24 Folds and Faults Folding = bending Fault = breaking Slide 25 Summary When stress is put on rocks, they can either bend (fold) or break (fault). Syncline, Anticline and Monocline are three types of folds. Normal, Reverse and Strike-Slip are three types of faults. Each play a role in creating the different types of landforms around us. Slide 26 Objective 10/14/2011 Outro Describe the three major types of folds and faults by modeling them. The diagram shows a profile of rock layers. Which point indicates the oldest exposed layer? AB CD