introduction to business 1 bus-101 instructor: erlan bakiev, ph.d
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Introduction to Business 1 BUS-101 Instructor: Erlan Bakiev, Ph.D. Organization and Teamwork. Effective Organization Structure. Divide Responsibilities. Distribute Authority. Coordinate and Control Work. Promote Accountability. Formal Organization. Informal Organization. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Introduction to Business 1BUS-101
Instructor: Erlan Bakiev, Ph.D.
Organization and Teamwork
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 2
EffectiveEffectiveOrganization StructureOrganization Structure
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 3
CoordinateCoordinateand Control Workand Control Work
CoordinateCoordinateand Control Workand Control Work
DivideDivideResponsibilitiesResponsibilities
DivideDivideResponsibilitiesResponsibilities
PromotePromoteAccountabilityAccountability
PromotePromoteAccountabilityAccountability
DistributeDistributeAuthorityAuthority
DistributeDistributeAuthorityAuthority
Organization ChartOrganization Chart
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 4
Vertical OrganizationVertical Organization
Ch
ain
of
Co
mm
and
Ch
ain
of
Co
mm
and
Wo
rk S
pe
cializa
tion
Wo
rk S
pe
cializa
tion
FormalFormalOrganizationOrganization
FormalFormalOrganizationOrganization
InformalInformalOrganizationOrganization
InformalInformalOrganizationOrganization
Horizontal CoordinationHorizontal Coordination
Organization Chart for Food Lion Grocery ChainOrganization Chart for Food Lion Grocery Chain
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 5
Board of DirectorsBoard of Directors
President & CEOChairperson
President & CEOChairperson
VP Human ResourcesVP Human Resources
Senior VPOperationsSenior VPOperations
VPMISVPMIS
VPFinance
VPFinance
VP Special Projects
VP Special Projects
VPMarketing
VPMarketing
VPAdvertising
VPAdvertising
VP Store PlanningVP Store Planning
Regional SupervisorsRegional
Supervisors
Area Supervisors
Area Supervisors
Regional OperationsRegional
Operations
Area Supervisors
Area Supervisors
Regional OperationsRegional
Operations
Area Supervisors
Area Supervisors
VP Grocery OperationsVP Grocery Operations
VP Perishable Operations
VP Perishable Operations
VP Bakery OperationsVP Bakery Operations
Identifying Identifying Job ResponsibilitiesJob Responsibilities
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 6
AdvantagesAdvantagesAdvantagesAdvantages
EfficiencyEfficiencyEfficiencyEfficiency
ProductivityProductivityProductivityProductivity
DisadvantagesDisadvantagesDisadvantagesDisadvantages
BoredomBoredomBoredomBoredom
AlienationAlienationAlienationAlienation
Work Specialization
Chain of CommandChain of Command
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 7
ResponsibilityResponsibility
AccountabilityAccountability
AuthorityAuthority
DelegationDelegation
Simplified Line-and-Staff StructureSimplified Line-and-Staff Structure
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 8
PresidentPresident
VPProduction
VPProduction
VP Marketing
VP Marketing
VPFinance
VPFinance
Legal DepartmentLegal Department
Human Resources Department
Human Resources Department
Head of Accounting Department
Head of Accounting Department
National Sales
Manager
National Sales
Manager
LineLine
StaffStaff
Span of ManagementSpan of Management
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 9
GeneralGeneral
ColonelsColonels
MajorsMajors
Captains,Captains,LieutenantsLieutenants
Warrant Warrant OfficersOfficers
SergeantsSergeants
CorporalsCorporals
PrivatesPrivates
United States ArmyUnited States ArmyPopePope
CardinalsCardinals
Archbishops,Archbishops,BishopsBishops
PriestsPriests
Roman Catholic ChurchRoman Catholic Church
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 10
Decentralized Decentralized CentralizedCentralized
Decision-Making AuthorityDecision-Making Authority
Top-LevelTop-LevelManagementManagement
Rich Rich ExperienceExperience
BroadBroadVisionVision
Lower-LevelLower-LevelManagementManagement
MoreMoreResponsiveResponsive
FasterFasterDecisionsDecisions
Organizing the WorkforceOrganizing the Workforce
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 11
DepartmentalizationDepartmentalizationDepartmentalizationDepartmentalization
DivisionDivisionDivisionDivisionFunctionFunctionFunctionFunction
NetworkNetworkNetworkNetwork MatrixMatrixMatrixMatrix
HybridHybridHybridHybrid
Functional StructuresFunctional Structures
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 12
Job Skills
Resource Use
Job Requirements
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 13
DepartmentalizationDepartmentalizationby Functionsby Functions
DisadvantagesDisadvantages
•Departmental BarriersDepartmental Barriers
•Slow Response TimeSlow Response Time
•Ineffective PlanningIneffective Planning
•Over SpecializationOver Specialization
AdvantagesAdvantages
•Resource AllocationResource Allocation
•Unified DirectionUnified Direction
•Improved CoordinationImproved Coordination
•Better CommunicationBetter Communication
Divisional StructuresDivisional Structures
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 14
ProductsProductsProductsProducts
GeographyGeographyGeographyGeography
ProcessesProcessesProcessesProcesses
CustomersCustomersCustomersCustomers
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 15
DepartmentalizationDepartmentalizationby Divisionsby Divisions
AdvantagesAdvantages DisadvantagesDisadvantages
FlexibilityFlexibility
Better ServiceBetter Service
Management FocusManagement Focus
Wasting ResourcesWasting Resources
Poor CoordinationPoor Coordination
Divisional CompetitionDivisional Competition
Departmentalization by MatrixDepartmentalization by Matrix
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 16
PUBLISHERPUBLISHER
Book Team AManger
Book Team AManger
Book Team BManger
Book Team BManger
EditorialManagerEditorialManager
ProductionManager
ProductionManager
DesignManagerDesign
Manager
Editor AEditor A ProductionEditor A
ProductionEditor A Designer ADesigner A
Editor BEditor B ProductionEditor B
ProductionEditor B Designer BDesigner B
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 17
DepartmentalizationDepartmentalizationby Networkby Network
AdvantagesAdvantages DisadvantagesDisadvantages
Lower CostsLower CostsLower CostsLower Costs
Increase FlexibilityIncrease FlexibilityIncrease FlexibilityIncrease Flexibility
Boost CompetitivenessBoost CompetitivenessBoost CompetitivenessBoost Competitiveness
Lower ControlLower ControlLower ControlLower Control
Increase VulnerabilityIncrease VulnerabilityIncrease VulnerabilityIncrease Vulnerability
Less DistinctivenessLess DistinctivenessLess DistinctivenessLess Distinctiveness
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 18
DivisionsFunctions
Network Matrix
HybridStructure
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 19
Shared Information
Neutral
Individual
Random or Varied
Goal
Synergy
Responsibility
Skills
Shared Mission
Positive
Individual and Mutual
Complementary
Work GroupsWork Groups Work TeamsWork Teams
Comparing Work Groups and Work Teams
Workplace TeamsWorkplace Teams
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 20
Problem-SolvingProblem-Solving
Self-ManagedSelf-Managed
FunctionalFunctional
Cross-Functional TeamsCross-Functional Teams
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 21
Task ForcesTask Forces
Special PurposeSpecial Purpose
CommitteesCommittees
Virtual TeamsVirtual Teams
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 22
Maximize DiversityMaximize Diversity
Employ TechnologyEmploy Technology
Promote TeamworkPromote Teamwork
Working In TeamsWorking In Teams
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 23
Opportunities Challenges
Higher-quality decisions
Increased commitment
Lower stress levels
Less internal competition
Improved flexibility
Inefficiency
Groupthink
Diminished motivation
Structural disruption
Excessive workloads
Effective TeamsEffective Teams
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 24
Size and StructureSize and Structure
Sense of PurposeSense of Purpose
CommunicationCommunication
Effective TeamsEffective Teams
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 25
Creative ThinkingCreative Thinking
Focused EffortsFocused Efforts
ConsensusConsensus
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 26
Team DevelopmentTeam Development
• Forming
• Storming
• Norming
• Performing
• Adjourning
The Level ofThe Level ofTeam CohesivenessTeam Cohesiveness
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 27
CompetitionCompetitionCompetitionCompetition EvaluationEvaluationEvaluationEvaluation
GoalGoalAchievementAchievement
GoalGoalAchievementAchievement
WorkWorkQualityQualityWorkWork
QualityQualityTeamTeam
InteractionInteractionTeamTeam
InteractionInteractionMeetingMeeting
AttendanceAttendanceMeetingMeeting
AttendanceAttendance
The Emergence ofThe Emergence ofTeam NormsTeam Norms
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 28
Standards ofStandards ofConductConduct
Standards ofStandards ofConductConduct
AcceptableAcceptableBehaviorBehavior
AcceptableAcceptableBehaviorBehavior
FacilitateFacilitateSurvivalSurvival
FacilitateFacilitateSurvivalSurvival
ClarifyClarifyExpectationsExpectations
ClarifyClarifyExpectationsExpectations
Identify Identify ValuesValues
Identify Identify ValuesValuesSet LimitsSet LimitsSet LimitsSet Limits
Causes of Team ConflictCauses of Team Conflict
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 29
ScarceScarceResourcesResources
ScarceScarceResourcesResources
ResponsibilityResponsibilityIssuesIssues
ResponsibilityResponsibilityIssuesIssues
PoorPoorCommunicationCommunication
PoorPoorCommunicationCommunication
PersonalityPersonalityDifferencesDifferences
PersonalityPersonalityDifferencesDifferences
PowerPowerStrugglesStruggles
PowerPowerStrugglesStruggles
IncompatibleIncompatibleGoalsGoals
IncompatibleIncompatibleGoalsGoals
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 30
PreventionPreventionPreventionPreventionResolutionResolutionResolutionResolution
Solutions to Team Solutions to Team
ConflictConflict
ConfrontationConfrontationConfrontationConfrontation
DefusionDefusionDefusionDefusion
AvoidanceAvoidanceAvoidanceAvoidance
Well-Defined TasksWell-Defined TasksWell-Defined TasksWell-Defined Tasks
Open CommunicationOpen CommunicationOpen CommunicationOpen Communication
Clear GoalsClear GoalsClear GoalsClear Goals
Productive Team MeetingsProductive Team Meetings
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 31
Clarify the Purpose
Select Participants
Clarify the Agendaand Stay Focused
Productive Team MeetingsProductive Team Meetings
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 32
Follow the Rules
Promote Participation
Close Effectively
Assignment 2BUS-101
© Prentice Hall, 2007 Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 33
1) What are some special challenges that virtual teams face? For virtual teams to be effective, what should management ensure?
2) Discuss the effect of team size on effectiveness of teams.
3) What are some of the cautions to be aware of when using teams? What tests should be applied to see if a team fits the situation?