Lesson 9

Types of animal tissues and human organ

systems

A-Review

A1. What are tissues made of?

A2. Tissues are made of many cells

A3. What are the 3 main tissues in plant?

1. Dermal

2. Ground

3. Vascular bundles

B- Types of animal tissues

B1. There are 4 main types of tissues

B2.These tissues are found in many different animals, not just in human

C- 4 types of animal tissues

1.Epithelial 2.Muscle3.Nervous4.Connective

Tissue Locations Function Example type Appearance

1.Epithelial

line the body's surface (skin) and between internal organs (small intestine, lung, esophagus)

create barrier to protect body, absorb and secrete substances

a. skin epithelia

     

b. columnar epithelia in small intestine with cilia to absorb food and secrete mucous

2. Muscle

specialized for voluntary and involuntary movement of various organs

skeletal muscle (look striped)

     

Cardiac muscle (unevenly striped, found only in heart)

Tissue Locations Function Example type Appearance

3.Nervous Brain

made of neurons, receive and transfer signals, coordinate body actions

Nervous tissue

4.Connective

bone, fat, blood

support, protection, binds cells and tissues

Bone (calcium hardened tissue)

   

Fat (adipose tissue)blood (attack invader, transport nutrients and O2)

E- 11 human organ systems

OrganE1. What made up tissues? Organs? Organ systems? Body?

Organ systems

F-General functions of some typical human organ systems

F1. Immune system:F2. defend body against infectionsF3. Endocrine system:F4. produce hormones, act together with the

nervous system to keep body in balanceF5. Integumentary system:F6. skin, hair and nails that creates a barrier around

the bodyEtc. • Full list can be studied on p 96 of your textbook

G- Focus on

G1. Digestive system

G2. Circulatory system

G3. Respiratory system

H- Digestive systemH1. Mechanical + chemical

digestion gives proper digestion of food

H2. Fate of food:H3. Start in mouth:H4. Teeth grind food (mechanical

digestion) into smaller piecesH5. Enzymes in saliva chemically

digest food

H6.Partially digested food then pass through pharynx then esophagus then stomach

H-Digestive systemH7.In stomach:H8.Stomach is a muscle that further

churns the food (mechanical digestion)

H9.Gastric juices + HCl + enzyme pepsin secreted by stomach lining further break down food to liquid (chemical digestion)

H11.The food are absorbed in the small and large intestines

H12.Small intestine: 6-8 m long, has finger-like projections called villi and microvilli for food absorption

H13.Bacteria E.coli live in large intestine

H10.Liquidy food now passed on to the duodenum where pancreas, liver and gall bladder release more enzymes

I-Circulatory systemI1.Functions: transports

nutrients and O2 to cells and picks up waste

I2.Arteries (red) carry oxygenated blood away from the heart

I3.Veins (blue) return deoxygenated blood to the heart

I-Circulatory systemWhat is O2 used for in animal cells?

Hint: glucose +O2 CO2 + water + energy

(Cellular respiration)

Which organelle use O2 to obtain energy?

Mitochondria

J- Blood flow in the heartJ1.Deoxygenated blood from

rest of body to right atrium via superior and inferior vena cava right atrium right ventricle pulmonary artery lung where blood picks up O2 left atrium via pulmonary veins left ventricle oxygenated blood left heart via aorta to rest of the body

K- Try it yourself1. Label AD in the diagram below. 2. Which kind of blood

(deoxygenated/oxygenated?) that entering:

a. superior vena cavab. pulmonary veinc. pulmonary arteryd. aorta

3. Where does the blood come from before entering the superior vena cava?

4. Where does the blood come from before entering the inferior vena cava?

5. Where does the blood go to after leaving the pulmonary artery?

6. The part receives blood from lung is:a. left ventricle c. left atriumb. right atrium d. right atrium

EveryoneTake 3 deep breath

Inhale…..then, exhale…..

L- Respiratory systemL1.Function: brings in O2 and

gets rid of CO2. L2.Air enters nose pharynx

larynx trachea bronchi bronchioles (smaller branches of bronchi) alveoli (tiny sacs on the bronchioles)

L3.The very thin wall of alveoli allows CO2 and O2 to be exchanged with the circulatory system

M- Corpus museum in the Netherland

http://www.corpus-experience.nl/index.php

N-Medical imaging technologyN1.The big idea: our society benefit greatly from the

advancement of medical imaging technology1.X-ray: what do you know about X-ray?N2.X-ray image is basically a shadow: radiation is

shined on one side of the body, and a piece of film on the other side registers the shadow of the bones.

N3.absorbed by human bodyN4.Huge benefits in dental and bone fracture

diagnosisN5.Not without risk: can cause cancer and mutate

chromosomes if exposed repeatedly

Dental X-ray instrument

N-Medical imaging technology

2. CT or CAT scan 2. CT or CAT scan (CAT= computerized (CAT= computerized axial tomography):axial tomography):

N6. X-ray beam rotates around an area of the body, generating 3-D image of the internal structures with the help of a computer

CAT scan thin slice image of a stroke brain

N-Medical imaging technology

3.UltrasoundN7. high frequency sound waves are

transmitted through the skin and reflected by the internal organs

N8. These "echoes " form a picture on a screen which can be examined for any abnormalities. 

N9. This procedure avoids the need to expose body to harmful radiation such as x-ray

N- Medical imaging technology4. Magnetic resonance

imaging (MRI) scan:

N10.Use strong magnetic field and radio-waves

instead of harmful X-ray

MRI image

MRI instrument

N11.What are the differences between MRI and CT scan?

N-Medical imaging technology5. Endoscopy:N12.Technique that use a

flexible tube that has a small camera on the end of it.

N13.This instrument is called an endoscope which is inserted into the body via mouth, anus or small cut

• Video of heart beat If time permit

• REVIEW for Bio Unit test