1. 1. Media History
   • • 4 thsession: Television
   Steen Christiansen [email_address]
2. 2. Television Culture
   • Space is broken down
   • • Everyone sees the same, at the same time
   • • Distance no longer relevant
   • • Imagined community
3. 3. Television Culture
   • Time is organized by TV
   • • We plan our lives around TV, when shows come on, etc
   • • Shows are allocated according to prime time
4. 4. Television social activity
   • Raising kids
   • Family time in front of TV
   • Breaks for housewives
5. 5. Television Culture
   • Television needs to be disciplined
   • • Shooting the TV
   • • TV set placed in the corner, facing the wall
   • • TV intrudes upon our home
6. 6. Television culture
   • TV reflects our preoccupations
   • • We watch what we are interested in
   • • Stay away from what we dont care about
   • • Disputed
   • TV is the dominant medium today
   • • For younger generations, the Internet is taking over
7. 7. Institutions
   • Public service (BBC)
   • • Educational
   • • Democratic
   • • Giving the people what they dont know they want
   • Commercial (ABC, HBO, etc)
   • • Advertising
   • • Consumer society
   • • Giving the people what they want
8. 8. TV Programming
   • News
   • • A sense of liveness
   • • • Lee Harvey Oswald
   • • • 9/11
9. 9. TV Programming
   • Fiction
   • • Sit-coms
   • • Dramas
   • • Soaps
   • • Etc
   • Targeted at different audiences
   • Reveal different cultural interests
   • • Audiences are fragmented
   • • Social activity lessened
10. 10. TV Programming
    • Talk shows
    • • Oprah
    • • The Daily Show
    • Debates
    • Documentaries
    • Game shows
    • Consumer programs
    • Reality TV
11. 11. Celebrity Culture
    • Tabloid press on TV
    • Production for destruction
    • • Britney Spears
12. 12. Christian Bale
13. 13. Christian Bale
14. 14. Christian Bale
15. 15. Media Events
    • Transparency
    • Enthralling
    • Shared experiences
    • Events move into the air
    • Aesthetics of television production
    • Political / ideological spectacle
16. 16. Media events
    • Dianas death and funeral
    • The Olympics
    • • Other sports events
    • History as process or events
17. 17. Media Events
    • Contest
    • • Wars
    • • Politics
    • Conquest
    • • The Moon Landing
    • • Elections
    • Coronation
    • • Diana
    • • JFK vs Nixon debates
18. 18. The Oscars
    • The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
    • • Industry award
    • • Members are invited to join, not open membership
    • • Invitations based on contribution
    • • Membership not public
    • • 6000 members may vote
19. 19. The Oscars
    • 1 stAcademy Awards, 1929, Hotel Roosevelt
    • • Awarding films for 1927 and 1928
    • • Not open to the public, nor transmitted
    • • Private dinner, audience about 250
    • Since the, it has been publicly broadcast
    • First by radio, then by TV
    • 1950: Illegal to sell an award
    • • Who owns an Oscar?
    • 2004 Awards moved to late February, early March to shorten lobbying
20. 20. The Oscars
    • First televised live in 1953 by NBC
    • 1960 1969 ABC
    • 1970 1975 NBC
    • 1976 2014 ABC (contract)
21. 21. Award audience (US)
    • 1998: Titanic 57.25 million
    • 2003: Chicago 33.04 million
    • 2004: Return of the King 43.56 million
    • 2007: No Country for Old Men 31.76million
    • 2008: Slumdog Millionaire 34.26 million
22. 22. Award categories
    • Production
    • • Best Picture: 1927
    • • Best Director: 1927
    • • Best Original Screenplay: 1940
    • • Best Adapted Screenplay: 1927
23. 23. Award categories
    • Acting
    • • Best Actor/Actress in Leading Role: 1927
    • • Best Actor/Actress in Supporting Role: 1936
24. 24. Award categories
    • Retired categories
    • • Best Assistant Director: 1933 1937
    • • Best Dance Direction: 1935 1937
25. 25. Biggest winners 11 / 12 11 / 14 11 / 11
26. 26. Hattie MacDaniel,Gone With the Wind(1940)
27. 27. Audrey Hepburn,Roman Holiday(1954)
28. 28. Marlon Brando,The Godfather(1973)
29. 29. Jack Nicholson,One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest(1976)
30. 30. Halle Berry,Monsters Ball(2002)
31. 31. Heath Ledger, The Dark Knight