organic compounds
DESCRIPTION
Organic Compounds. Organic compounds are the compounds that contain carbon they can be found in products made from living things or things that are artificially produced. They are part the solid matter of every organism on earth. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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ORGANIC COMPOUNDSO R G A N I C C O M P O U N D S A R E T H E C O M P O U N D S T H AT C O N TA I N C A R BO NT H E Y C A N B E F O U N D I N P R O D U C T S M A D E F R O M L I V I N G T H I N G S O R T H I N G S T H AT A R E A RT I F I C I A L LY P R O D U C E D .T H E Y A R E PA RT T H E S O L I D M ATT E R O F E V E RY O R G A N I S M O N E A RT H .RAW M AT E R I A L S F O R M O S T M A N U FAC T U R E D O R G A N I C C O M P O U N D S C O M E F R O M P E T R O L E U M O R C R U D E O I L .
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M A N Y O R G A N I C C O M P O U N D S H AV E S I M I L A R P R O P E RT I E S I N T E R M S O F H AV I N G M E LT I N G P O I N T S , BO I L I N G P O I N T S , O D O R , E L E C T R I C A L C O N D U C T I V I T Y , A N D S O LU B I L I T Y.M A N Y H AV E LO W M E LT I N G A N D LO W BO I L I N G P O I N T ST H E Y T E N D T O H AV E S T R O N G O D O R SD O N ’ T C O N D U C T E L E C T R I C C U R R E N TA N D D O N ’ T D I S S O LV E I N WAT E R.
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CARBON COMPOUNDSBY Lily, Jorge, and Skyler
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Carb
on A
tom
s Carbon atoms act as the backbone of a skeleton or the molecules of these compounds. Carbon compounds include gases such as, propane; liquids such as, olive oil; and solids such as, cotton. Mixtures of compounds can be found in food, paper, and shampoo.
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organic compounds organic compounds are compounds that contain carbon. the term is used because scientists once thought that organic compounds could only be produced by living things. but, now scientists know that they can also be artificially produced.
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many organic compounds have similar properties in terms of melting points, boiling points, odor, electrical conductivity, and solubility.
many organic compounds have low melting points and low boiling points. as a result they have strong odors.
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hydrocarbons the simplest organic compounds are
hydrocarbons. a hydrocarbon is a compound that only
contains hydrogen and carbon. Methane, the main gas in natural gas,
and it is used to heat homes Propane
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STRUCTURE OF HYDROCARBONS
By: Athena the awesome
Caden the grey
Marleen the sparkles
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CARBON CHAINS
A hydrocarbon may be straight, branched or ring shaped
They can be straight or branched
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STRUCTURE FORMULA
A structure formula shows the kind, number and arrangement of atoms in a molecule.
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METHANE CH4
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ETHANE C2H6
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PROPANE C3H8
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Isomer
Compound that have the same chemical formula but different structural
formulas.
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Butane and Isobutane
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Carbon can form a single or double bond with
oxygen Structural formulas represent a double bond
with a double dash between two elements A triple bond is indicated by a triple dash
Double and Triple bonds
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Saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbonsBy Andrew MartinPenny KibbeJaquie Macias
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Contents Saturated Hydrocarbons Unsaturated Hydrocarbons Classifying Saturated Hydrocarbons Classifying Unsaturated Hydrocarbons ConclusionS
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Saturated Hydrocarbons Saturated Hydrocarbons are
hydrocarbons (molecules with only Hydrogen and Carbon Atoms) in which all bonds are single bonds
It has the maximum number of atoms in the valence field
All saturated hydrocarbons end in the suffixes –ane
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Unsaturated Hydrocarbons Hydrocarbons in which at least one or
more bonds are double or triple All unsaturated hydrocarbons end in the
suffix –ene or –yne.
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Simplest unsaturated Hydrocarbon and Function The simplest unsaturated hydrocarbon
with one double bond is ethene (C2H4) Fruits produce ethene gas because it
helps the fruit ripen. The simplest hydrocarbon with one
triple bond is ethyne (C2H2), also known as acetylene.
Acetylene torches are used for welding.
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Conclusion Saturated Hydrocarbons Unsaturated Hydrocarbons Classifying Saturated Hydrocarbons Classifying Unsaturated Hydrocarbons Conclusion
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Substituted Hydrocarbons
And compounds containing halogens
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• Hydrocarbons contain only one carbon and one hydrogen
• Carbon can form stable bonds with several other elements
• Substituted hydrocarbon- atoms of other elements replace one or more hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon
• Hydrocarbons include- halogen-containing compounds, alcohols, and organic acids
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• One or more halogen atoms replace hydrogen atoms• Halogen family includes fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and
iodine• Freon is used as a cooling liquid in refrigerators and air
conditioners
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Chapter 8 Stuff
By: Pierson, Caius, Joe
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Substituted Hydrocarbons
• Substituted Hydrocarbons are where atoms of other elements replace one or more hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon.
• If you change on hydrocarbon it becomes a completely different compound.
• The carbon can bond with many other elements like oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and halogens
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Compounds Containing Halogens
• In some substituted hydrocarbons one or more halogens replace hydrogen atoms.
• Halogen family includes fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.
• Freon is used as a as a cooling agent in refrigerators.
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Alcohols
• An alcohol is a substituted hydrocarbon that contains one or more hydroxyl groups.
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By: Jack, Ruysch, and Max
*Esters & Polymers
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*Chapter 8 Section 2
*In chapter 8, our science textbook explains carbon compounds. Organic compounds are compounds that contain carbon within them. It also talks about hydrocarbon, isomers, the carboxyl group, monomers, and so on.
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*Esters
*An ester is a compound made by chemically combining alcohol and an organic acid.
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*Polymers
*Very large molecules made of a chain of smaller molecules bonded together is a polymer. The prefix poly means “many” and mono means “one”.
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*Other Polymers
*Some polymers are made by many living things. Examples are sheep growing wool and cotton fibers from cotton seeds. Synthetic polymers are made in factories. Nylon or polyesters are synthetic polymers.