peace corps 2008 volunteer survey global report

8/2/2019 Peace Corps 2008 Volunteer Survey Global Report

1/108

Ymcnm N`rps


2/108


3/108

Ymcnm N`rps


4/108

N`btrklut`rs

Ymcnm N`rps U`gubtmmrs cbh ^tcee ct 5= Y`sts

\mjk`bcg Hkrmnt`rs

Nùbtry Hmsd ]bkts

@eeknm è ^trctmjkn Kbe`roctk`b, \msmcrnf cbh Ygcbbkbj stcee

Cgknm Gybb \yssocb urvmy Yràmnt Ocbcjmr^`nkcg ^nkmbnm Cbcgyst, \msmcrnf, Mvcguctk`b cbh Omcsurmombt, @eeknm è ^trctmjkn Kbe`roctk`b,\msmcrnf cbh Ygcbbkbj

Nctfy GcwgksMvcguctk`b Yr`jrco Cbcgyst, \msmcrnf, Mvcguctk`b cbh Omcsurmombt, @eeknm è ^trctmjknKbe`roctk`b, \msmcrnf cbh Ygcbbkbj

Mokgy \uppCbcgyst, @eeknm è trctmjkn Kbe`roctk`b, \msmcrnf cbh Ygcbbkbj

ûscb AmbdkbsMvcguctk`b Yr`jrco Cbcgyst, \msmcrnf, Mvcguctk`b cbh Omcsurmombt, @eeknm è ^trctmjknKbe`roctk`b, \msmcrnf cbh Ygcbbkbj

Acbmt DmrgmyNfkme è \msmcrnf, Mvcguctk`b cbh Omcsurmombt, @eeknm è ^trctmjkn Kbe`roctk`b, \msmcrnf cbhYgcbbkbj

\mgmcsmh Cujust


5/108

Xclgm è N`btmbts

Mxmnutkvm ûoocry ......................................................................................................................................=

K. Kbtr`huntk`b .............................................................................................................................................. 33

KK. U`gubtmmr ^ctksecntk`b wktf Ymcnm N`rps ^mrvknm...................................................................................3>Mxpmntctk`bs vmrsus tfm \mcgktkms e Ymcnm N`rps ^mrvknm....................................................................35

^ctksecntk`b wktf Ymcnm N`rps Z`rd ......................................................................................................36

KKK. Cnfkmvkbj Ymcnm N`rps J`cgs ...............................................................................................................8

UK. Gkem kb tfm Ymcnm N`rps .........................................................................................................................89

Zfmrm h` U`gubtmmrs gkvm hurkbj tfmkr Ymcnm N`rps smrvknm0 ................................................................89

Kbtmjrctk`b kbt` tfm Nòoubkty...............................................................................................................83

^trmss Ecnt`rs cbh F`w U`gubtmmrs N`pm wktf trmss...........................................................................8

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps


6/108

Nrkoms Cjckbst U`gubtmmrs .....................................................................................................................55

Xypms `e Fcrcssombt.............................................................................................................................. :8 pmrnmbt) cbh rubbkbj wctmr (: pmrnmbt)` Yrkocry csskjbombt (>8 pmrnmbt)` Ks`gctk`b/g`bmgkbmss (


11/108

U`gubtmmrs rmnòombhmh cgg`nctkbj o`rm K^X tkom t` spmnkekn tmnfbkncg t pkns sunf cs ncpcnktylukghkbj omtf`hs4 pr`p`scg wrktkbj cbh pràmnt hmskjb4 o`bkt`rkbj cbh mvcguctk`b4 cbh YCNC.

UKKK. Ymcnm N`rps ^tcee ûpp`rt

U`gubtmmrs rmnmkvm chmquctm supp`rt erò Ymcnm N`rps kb-nùbtry stcee.

^mvmbty-tw` pmrnmbt fch chmquctm fùskbj cs s``b cs tfmy crrkvmh ct tfmkr sktms, cbh cgo`st cgg(;3 pmrnmbt) fch chmquctm fùskbj wktfkb tfrmm o`btfs è tfmkr sktm csskjbombt.

C oca`rkty e U`gubtmmrs eùbh l`tf tfm f`st nùbtry kbhkvkhucgs wktf wfò tfmy w`rd cbh tfmkrsktms wmrm chmquctmgy`r lmttmrprmpcrmh e`r tfmkr crrkvcg (:8 pmrnmbt cbh :; pmrnmbt,rmspmntkvmgy).

O`st U`gubtmmrs crm vmry sctksekmh (n`bskhmrclgy`r nòpgmtmgy) wktf kb-nùbtry Ymcnm N`rps stceesupp`rt erò scemty cbh smnurkty cbh omhkncg stcee.

Mkjfty-tw` pmrnmbt rmp`rtmh tfm vkskts erò YN stcee pr`vkhmh chmquctmkbe`roctk`b.

@e tfm U`gubtmmrs wf` mxpmrkmbnmh c pmrs`bcg momrjmbny, :> pmrnmbt rmp`rtmh tfmy rmnmkvmh ctgmcst o`hmrctm supp`rterò Ymcnm N`rps.

U`gubtmmrs ctksecntk`b wktf tfm Ymcnm N`rps Kb-Nùbtry upp`rtF`w sctksekmh crm yù wktf tfm e`gg`wkbj supp`rt pr`vkhmh ly tfm Ymcnm N`rps stcee kb yùr f`st nùbtry0

89

8>

88

8:

86

==

=5

=6

=;

:>

:8

>9

>5

>6

3 pmrnmbt), lurjgcry (3> pmrnmbt), cbhpfyskncg csscugt (39 pmrnmbt).

Xfm o`st ermqumbt rmcs`b jkvmb e`r b`t rmp`rtkbj o`st nrkoms wcs tfct tfmsm nrkoms wmrm t`òkb`r `r nòo`b t` rmp`rt.

Xfm o`st ermqumbt typms è hksnrkokbctk`b r fcrcssombt rmp`rtmh ly U`gubtmmrs wmrm1` \cnkcg/n`g`r/mtfbkn (;3pmrnmbt)` ^mxucg (vmrlcg) (;9 pmrnmbt)` Cbtk-Comrkncb (66 pmrnmbt)` Jmbhmr (:3pmrnmbt)

V. N`bngusk`bs cbh \mnòombhctk`bs

@vmrcgg, U`gubtmmrs kb


13/108

K. Kbtr`huntk`b

Xfm


14/108

fkjfmst (=), wktf tfm okhhgm vcgum (>) mqucg t` chmquctm. Zfmb cppr`prkctm, tfm survmy csdmh U`gubtmmrst` ocrd cgg tfct cppgkmh `r ekgg kb tfm lgcbd wktf c buolmr. Xfm survmy cgs` kbnguhmh smvmb oca`r `pmb-mbhmh qumstk`bs s` rmsp`bhmbts n`ugh cbswmr kb tfmkr `wb w`rhs4 oca`r tfmoms `e tfm U`gubtmmrshmtckgmh rmsp`bsms t` tfmsm `pmb-mbhmh qumstk`bs crm kbnguhmh kb tfks rmp`rt.

3

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps


16/108

38

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps


17/108

3

)

Xfmrm wmrm `bgy okbkocg hkeemrmbnms kb f`w g`bjmr smrvkbj U`gubtmmrs cbh tf`sm smrvkbj `bm ymcr `r gmss

cbswmrmh tfks qumstk`b. \mjcrhgmss è gmbjtf è smrvknm, vmry emw U`gubtmmrs sckh tfmy wmrm b`t gkdmgyt`rmnòombh Ymcnm N`rps smrvknm t` `tfmrs. Cnn`rhkbj t` tfm


18/108

Mxpmntctk`bs vmrsus tfm \mcgktkms `e Ymcnm N`rps ^mrvknm

Xfm


19/108

F`w U`gubtmmrs' Ymcnm N`rps Mxpmrkmbnm Hkeemrmh

erò tfmkr Mxpmntctk`bs

Lmttmr

6%

Fcrhmr

6%

B`t spmnkekmh

5;%

Hkscpp`kbtkbj

5%

Mcskmr

;%

Ekjurm 5.

F`w crm tfm rmcgktkms èYmcnm N`rps smrvknm hkeemrmbterò yùr mxpmntctk`bs lme`rmyù lmncom c U`gubtmmr0(b?


20/108

U`gubtmmrs cgs` hmsnrklmh f`w fcrh kt wcs t`1 kopgmombt nfcbjm kb tfm nòoubkty, hmcg wktf c hkeemrmbtsmbsm è tkom, kbtmjrctm kbt` tfm g`ncg nugturm, cbh nòoubknctm wktf g`ncg pm`pgm (Ekjurm 6).

Cspmnts è Ymcnm N`rps ^mrvknm Xfct Zmrm Fcrhmr

tfcb Mxpmntmh

6%

39%

33%


21/108

3;

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps 3

>%

Kbv`gvms g`ncg pm`pgm kbpgcbbkbj cbhkopgmombtkbj cntkvktkms

b?(839>) >.= ==% ;6:) >.< 88% >;)


26/108


27/108

K co b`t c stmrm`typkncg XU Comrkncb, s` oy FNB erkmbhs fcvm eùbh tfctcgg Comrkncbs crm b`t tfm scom cbh ncbb`t lm eùbh `b XU `r kb tfmo`vkms.

Oy nùbtmrpcrt t`gh om tfct lme`rm ommtkbj om, sfm tfùjft tfct cgg

Comrkncbs wmrm wfktm cbh rknf.

O`rm tfcb fcge (=6 pmrnmbt) ombtk`bmh hkvmrskty cs pcrt è tfmkr J`cg < cntkvktkms. @tfmr ermqumbtgyombtk`bmh t`pkns wmrm1

Comrkncb pmrs`bcgkty trckts (>> pmrnmbt)

Lmgkmes cbh vcgums, m.j., rmgkjkùs, o`rcg cbh s`nkcg n`bvkntk`bs (3: pmrnmbt)

Y`gktkns cbh j`vmrbombt (3< pmrnmbt)

Xypms è e``h (33 pmrnmbt)

^pmnkekn nfcrcntmrkstkns tfct U`gubtmmrs ombtk`bmh wmrm tfm Comrkncb w`rd-mtfkn cbh tkomgkbmss. @vmr3= pmrnmbt è cgg U`gubtmmrs ombtk`bmh `bm è tfmsm tw` cspmnts.

Kt's stkgg mcrgy kb oy smrvknm, lut K tfkbd f`st nùbtry bctk`bcgs fcvm b`tmhtfct oy w`rd fclkts crm o`rm hksnkpgkbmh tfcb tfm pm`pgm K w`rd wktf.

C oca`rkty è tfm rmsp`bhmbts (:< pmrnmbt) nòombtmh `b tfm wcys kb wfknf tfmy prò`tm c lmttmrubhmrstcbhkbj è Comrkncbs kb tfmkr f`st nòoubkty. @e tfmsm, o`rm tfcb fcge rmgkmh `b kbe`rocg cntkvktkmse`r tmcnfkbj pm`pgm clùt Comrkncbs, sunf cs n`bvmrsctk`bs cbh hksnussk`bs cbh skopgy kbtmrcntkbj wktfpm`pgm `b c hcy-t`-hcy lcsks. Kb chhktk`b t` kbe`rocg cntkvktkms, 3> pmrnmbt è tfm rmsp`bhmbts sckh tfmyfch ncrrkmh ùt o`rm e`rocg cntkvktkms, sunf cs tmcnfkbj snf``g gmnturms, jrùp prmsmbtctk`bs, cbh n``dkbj

Comrkncb e``hs.

K nmgmlrctm o`st Comrkncb f`gkhcys wktf oy nòoubkty. K ochm surm t`tcgd clùt tfm fkst`ry lmfkbh tfm f`gkhcy cbh wfct kt omcbs.

Zfkgm o`st U`gubtmmrs hkh b`t spmnkey f`w tfmy hmtmrokbmh tfmkr gmvmg è kopcnt, sòm hkh nòombt `bwcys tfmy dbmw tfmrm fch lmmb c nfcbjm. E`r mxcopgm, U`gubtmmrs sckh tfmy dbmw f`st nùbtrykbhkvkhucgs fch c lmttmr ubhmrstcbhkbj è Comrkncbs erò mktfmr nòoubkty omolmrs nòombts `r lynfcbjms tfct U`gubtmmrs `lsmrvmh kb g`ncg pm`pgms lmfcvk`r.

O`st pm`pgm b`w crm `b tkom cbh rmchy t` pcrtknkpctm kb cntkvktkms. Xfmydb`w vmry wmgg tfct Comrkncbs crm pubntucg cbh rmgkclgm pm`pgm.

U`gubtmmr Ncpcnkty Lukghkbj

U`gubtmmrs rctmh tfm meemntkvmbmss è tfmkr w`rd kb tmros è tfm kopcnt kt fcs fch t` lukgh `r hmvmg`p tfmncpcnktkms (db`wgmhjm, sdkggs, cbh cntkvktkms) è tfm e`gg`wkbj tfrmm jrùps1

3. F`st nùbtry nùbtmrpcrts (tmcnfmrs, fmcgtf w`rdmrs, nòoubkty gmchmrs, BJ@ pmrs`bbmg, mtn.). G`ncg `rjcbkzctk`bs (BJ@, snf``g, nòoubkty jrùp, mtn.)


28/108


29/108


30/108

8

8>

8=

5>

68

3

8

9


31/108

Cs sf`wb kb Ekjurm 3= cl`vm, `vmr `bm-tfkrh `e tfm


32/108

KU. Ymcnm N`rps Csskjbombts cbh Z`rd Cntkvktkms

Zfct h` Ymcnm N`rps U`gubtmmrs h`0

Xfm

Luskbmss mnt`r (

[ùtf Hmvmg`pombt ^mnt`r (:%) [ùtf hmvmg`pombt :

@tfmr(>%) @tfmr >

Xclgm =.Zfknf è tfme`gg`wkbj lmsthmsnrklms yùrprkocrycsskjbombt0(b?8


33/108

>3

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps


34/108

smnt`r. Cs sf`wb lmg`w kb tfm lgum-sfchmh l`xms, w`rdkbj wktf yùtf ks c t`p cntkvkty è U`gubtmmrs kbtfrmm è tfm skx smnt`rs. U`gubtmmrs w`rdkbj kb tfm `tfmr tfrmm smnt`rs è cjrknugturm, luskbmss, cbhmbvkr`bombt o`rm ètmb ombtk`bmh tfm cntkvktkms è kbnòm jmbmrctk`b, mbvkr`bombt w`rd, cbh bcturcgrmsùrnms ocbcjmombt.

^mnt`r X`p Xfrmm Yrkocry Z`rd Cntkvktkms Ymrnmbtcjm Xclgm :.

Cjrknugturm Kbnòm jmbmrctk`b 596) Mbvkr`bombt w`rd =6

Bcturcg rmsùrnms ocbcjmombt 86

Luskbmss Luskbmss chvkskbj =9

(b?39=5) Kbnòm jmbmrctk`b 86

Z`rdkbj wktf BJ@(s) 8>

Mhunctk`b Mbjgksf tmcnfkbj :;

(b?38 fùrs.O`st U`gubtmmrs (68 pmrnmbt) rmp`rtmh tfmy w`rd o`rm tfcb


35/108

>>

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps 8

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps pmrnmbt è 8,9=9 rmsp`bhmbts sckh tfmywmrm kbv`gvmh kb FKU/CKH^ w`rd cs pcrt è tfmkr prkocry csskjbombt. Xwmbty pmrnmbt è rmsp`bhmbtscbswmrmh tfct FKU/CKH^ w`rd ks pcrt è tfmkr smn`bhcry cntkvktkms. Cgo`st `bm qucrtmr sckh tfmy wmrmkbv`gvmh kb FKU/CKH^ mee`rts lut b`t cs c prkocry csskjbombt `r smn`bhcry pràmnt. Ct gmcst 39 pmrnmbt `ro`rm è tfm rmsp`bhmbts ct cgg lut tw` p`sts (A`rhcb cbh Omxkn`) cbswmrmh tfmy fcvm lmmb kbv`gvmh kbsòm FKU/CKH^ w`rd.

8=

9 39 9 89

B FKU/CKH mee rts

@tfmr FKU/CKH^

mee rts

Ycrt e smn`bhcry

cntkvktkms

Oy prkocry

csskjbombt

Ymrnmbt=9

Ekjurm 3;.

Zfknf lmst hmsnrklmsyùr kbv`gvmombt kbFKU/CKH^ cntkvktkms0

Yrkocry csskjbombt

Ycrt è oy smn`bhcrycntkvktkms

FKU/CKH^ mee`rts lutb`t pcrt è prkocry `rsmn`bhcry cntkvktkms

B` kbv`gvmombt kbFKU/CKH^ cntkvktkms

(b?89=9)

(qumstk`b J3)

Cnr`ss cgg prkocry csskjbombts cbh csskjbombt smnt`rs, U`gubtmmrs rmp`rtmh tfmy crm mbjcjmh kbFKU/CKH^ w`rd. Kb tfm ekjurm lmg`w, mcnf lcr sf`ws tfm pmrnmbtcjms è FKU/CKH^ kbv`gvmombt è tfmU`gubtmmrs w`rdkbj kb tfct smnt`r (lcsmh `b tfm prkocry csskjbombt rmp`rtmh kb qumstk`b C


37/108

3=

3;

:

Kbe`roctk`b cbh n`ooubknctk`bstmnfb`g`jy (KNX)

>=

E`rmstry/pcrds >=

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps


38/108

>5

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps 5 pmrnmbt) `e


39/108

N`rps hkrmnt`r (CYNH) (>> pmrnmbt), cbh g`ncg nùbtmrpcrts (>

:=

3:

>

9 39 9 89 =9 59 :9 69

NH

@tfmr sùrnm e kbe

Nùbtmrpcrt

CYNH

G`ncg mxpmrt

@tfmr YNU

Ymrnmbt

Ekjurm .

X` wfò h` yù j`wfmb yù bmmh o`rmkbe`roctk`b `r chvknmkb `rhmr t` h` c lmttmr

a`l `b FKU/CKH^ kbyùr nòoubkty0(Ygmcsm ocrd cgg tfctcppgy.)(b?


40/108

>6

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps =

9 39 9 8

B`t ct cgg

Okbkocggy

O`hmrctmgy

N`bskhmrclgy

Mxnmptk`bcggy

Ymrnmbt9

Ekjurm


41/108

cntkvktkms, tfm o`rm nmrtckb tfmy crm clùt tfm meemntkvmbmss cbh p`sktkvm kopcnt è tfmkr w`rd (Ekjurm ;

>;

>;

89

8=

8 pmrnmbt) tfcb U`gubtmmrs kb cgg `tfmr

smnt`rs.

Ukggcjm/rurcg

crmc

(p`pugctk`b

ubhmr 6%

Ncpktcg è tfm

nùbtry


43/108

83

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps 8%

Ekjurm )

F`w wmgg ncb y`un`ooubknctm kb tfm gcbjucjmusmh ly o`st g`ncg pm`pgm0(b?8


44/108

8. ks`gctk`b/g`bmgkbmss (;

9 39 9 89

B`t ct cgg

Y``rgy

Chmquctmgy

Zmgg

Umry wmgg

Ymrnmbt=9

=9+

]bhmr =9

Ekjurm >3.

Nòpcrks`b e smge-rmp`rtmhg`ncg gcbjucjm clkgkty lyU`gubtmmrs cjm =9+ ymcrscbh U`gubtmmrs ubhmr =9.

F`w wmgg ncb yùnòoubknctm kb tfmgcbjucjm usmh ly o`st g`ncgpm`pgm0(=9+ b?


45/108

Ekjurm >:3) (qumstk`b M39

>:

8>

88

=>. Ygmcsm ocrd tfm typkncg wcys kb wfknf y`u n`pm wktf strmss.(]bgmss y`u nf``sm B` ^trmss, ocrd cgg tfct cppgy.)(b?83)


47/108

Zktf kbnrmcskbj cnnmss t` nmggpf`bms cbh tmxt omsscjkbj, U`gubtmmrs ocy fcvm gmss bmmh e`r sf`rt-wcvmrchk`s, Kbtmrbmt, gcbhgkbm tmgmpf`bms, `r sctmggktm tmgmpf`bms. O`rm tfcb fcge è U`gubtmmrs (53 t` ;5pmrnmbt) rmp`rtmh tfmy bmvmrfch rmskhmbtkcg cnnmss t` tfmsm kbe`roctk`b cbh nòoubknctk`b t``gs.

Cs sf`wb lmg`w, o`st U`gubtmmrs rmp`rtmh hckgypmrs`bcg usm è nmggpf`bms (58 pmrnmbt) cbh tmxtomsscjkbj (=6 pmrnmbt). O`rm tfcb fcge cgs` rmp`rtmh o`rm tfcb `bnm c wmmdpmrs`bcg usm è nòputmrs,mockg cbh Kbtmrbmt.

8

:


48/108

85

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps =). Xfm mxpcbhmhcvckgclkgkty è nmggpf`bms ks gkdmgy tfm rmcs`b e`r tfm gmss ermqumbt usm è gcbhgkbm tmgmpf`bms ct w`rd.

Nòoubknctkbj wktf tfm Y`st

Cgo`st tfrmm ùt e eùr U`gubtmmrs (:< pmrnmbt) rctmh tfm meemntkvmbmss è tfmkr nòoubknctk`b rmsùrnmse`r n`btcntkbj kb-nùbtry stcee cs j``h`r mxnmggmbt(Ekjurm >5).

=

>:

=

3

9 39 9

Umry p``r

Y``r

Chmquctm

J``h

Mxnmggmbt

Ymrnmbt89

Ekjurm >5.

Kb jmbmrcg, f`w h` yùrctm tfm meemntkvmbmssè yùr nòoubknctk`brmsùrnms e`rn`btcntkbj yùr kb-nùbtry stcee0(b?83:6)

(qumstk`b N3:) cs tfm o`st meemntkvmwcy è nòoubknctkbj wktf p`st stcee. Xmxt omsscjkbj ( pmrnmbt) cbh mockg/Kbtmrbmt (3; pmrnmbt) wmrm

3

>

5

3;

:

>;

3

8

6


49/108

8:

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps pmrnmbt) rmp`rtmh tfct tmxt omsscjkbj wcs tfmkr o`st meemntkvm wcy è nòoubknctkbj tfcb tfm >; pmrnmbtè Cerknc \mjk b U`gubtmmrs wf` rctmh tfm nmggpf`bm cs tfm o`st meemntkvm.

=

9

>

88

9 = 39 3= = 89 8=

Xmgmpf`bm ct

rmskhmbnm `r w`rd

Kb-pmrs`b vkskts

Mockg/Kbtmrbmt

Xmxt omsscjkbj

Nmggpf`bm

Ymrnmbt

O`st Meemntkvm

^mn`bh O`st Meemntkvm

Xfkrh O`st Meemntkvm

Ekjurm >:.Erò tfm gkst

lmg`w, nf``smtfm tfrmm o`stmeemntkvm wcystfct yùnòoubknctmwktf YmcnmN`rps kb-nùbtry stcee.(b?8> pmrnmbt), e`gg`wmh ng`smgy ly mockg/Kbtmrbmt (>9 pmrnmbt).

Cgtfùjf o`rm U`gubtmmrs smgmntmh mockg/Kbtmrbmt (>< pmrnmbt) cs tfmkr tfkrh o`st meemntkvmnòoubknctk`b t``g, cgo`st `bm kb eùr rmp`rtmh tfct kb-pmrs`b vkskts wmrm tfm tfkrh o`st meemntkvmwcy ènòoubknctkbj. Cb`tfmr rmjk`bcg hkeemrmbnm wcs tfct o`rm KCY \mjk`b U`gubtmmrs (>< pmrnmbt) rctmh kb-pmrs`b vkskts cs tfkrh o`st meemntkvm, rctfmr tfcb mockg/Kbtmrbmt (6), o`rm rmsp`bhmbts (53pmrnmbt) rmp`rtmh uskbj Ymcnm N`rps \msùrnm Nmbtmr octmrkcgs tfcb cby è tfm `tfmr tfrmm rmsùrnms.Hmpmbhkbj `b tfm p`st, f`wmvmr, U`gubtmmrs ocy b`t fcvm fch cnnmss t` tfm socgg pràmnt csskstcbnm(^YC) jrcbts, tfm Ymcnm N`rps Ycrtbmrsfkp Yr`jrco (YNYY), `r FKU/CKH^ eubhkbj. Gmss tfcb `bm kb ekvmU`gubtmmrs rmp`rtmh uskbj c rmsùrnm `tfmr tfcb \msùrnm Nmbtmr octmrkcgs.


50/108

3;

53

38

35

9 39 9 89 =9 59 :9

FKU/CKH^ eubhs--

YMYEC\/UC^X

YN Ycrtbmrsfkp

Yr`jrco (YNYY)

ôcgg Yràmnt

Csskstcbnm (^YC)

\msùrnm Nmbtmr

octmrkcgs

Ymrnmbt

Ymrnmbt

U`gubtmmrs

wf` usmh

Ekjurm >6.

U`gubtmmrsrmp`rtmh usm èvcrkùs rmsùrnms.

(\msùrnm Nmbtmr

Octmrkcgs b?89=;4^YC b?89:94 YNYYb?89=84 FKU/CKHêubhkbj b?89=;)

(qumstk`b H39)

O`st U`gubtmmrs wf` fch bmvmr usmh c rmsùrnm hkh rmp`rt tfmy wmrm cwcrm è tfm rmsùrnm.

:

8

>6

3;

=3

:;

:8

:9

33

>;:4 FKU/CKHêubhkbj b?>866)

(qumstk`b H39)

Cgo`st cgg è tfm rmsp`bhmbts wf` usmh `bm `r o`rm è tfm rmsùrnms rctmh tfm rmsùrnm cs meemntkvm`rvmry meemntkvmcs sf`wb lmg`w. Gmss tfcb `bm kb 39 rmp`rtmh kt wcs kbmeemntkvm (Ekjurm 89).

86

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps


51/108

8;

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps =

>:

>:

3:

9 pmrnmbt)8. Ecokgy, erkmbhs, h`bctk`bs erò tfm ].^. (3> pmrnmbt)

Ocby U`gubtmmrs cgs` spmnkekncggy ombtk`bmh \mturbmh Ymcnm N`rps U`gubtmmr jrùps, tfm ].^.Molcssy, cbh l``d h`bctk`bs cbh supp`rt, mspmnkcggy erò tfm Hcrkmb L``d Ckh Eùbhctk`b.


52/108

UKK. Xrckbkbj e`r Ymcnm N`rps Csskjbombt

Cgg Ymcnm N`rps U`gubtmmrs pcrtknkpctm kb c prm-smrvknm trckbkbj (Y^X) pr`jrco prk`r t` lmkbj sw`rb kb csc U`gubtmmr. Hurkbj tfmkr smrvknm, U`gubtmmrs cgs` pcrtknkpctm kb pmrk`hkn trckbkbj pr`jrcos (kb-smrvknmtrckbkbj K^X).

Xfm gmbjtf è Y^X vcrkms co`bj p`sts, erò `bm pr`jrco gcstkbj lmtwmmb 39 cbh 3< wmmds t` c tfrmm-pfcsm pr`jrco, wfmrm e`rocg trckbkbj ks kbtmrspmrsmh wktf `b-sktm w`rd. O`st rmsp`bhmbts (:)wmrm cgs` rctmh cs vmry meemntkvmly c oca`rkty è tfm U`gubtmmrs1

3. Ockbtckbkbj ombtcg/mo`tk`bcg fmcgtf (5=%). Hmcgkbj wktf chaustombt kssums (59%)8. ]skbj tfm g`ncg gcbjucjm (59%)

U`gubtmmrs rmsp`bsms vcrkmh `b tfm meemntkvmbmss è Y^Xs skx crmcs è trckbkbj tfct prmpcrm U`gubtmmrse`r tfmkr w`rd csskjbombts (J`cg 3). Gmss tfcb fcge è tfm U`gubtmmrs emgt Y^X prmpcrmh tfmo vmrymeemntkvmgyt` w`rd wktf tfmkr pràmnt j`cgs (8:%), cbh t` o`bkt`r pràmnt j`cgs cbh `lamntkvms (>>%). U`gubtmmrs emgtgmcst prmpcrmh t` w`rd wktf nùbtmrpcrts (%).

=9

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps


53/108

Ekjurm 83. F`w meemntkvm wcs y`ur prm-smrvknm trckbkbj (Y^X) kb prmpcrkbj y`u t`-- (qumstk`b L:

8

>5

>;

83

9


54/108

\msp`bhmbts cgs` rmnòombhmh tfct p`sts

usm o`rm qucgkekmh kbstrunt`rs cbh emwmr U`gubtmmrs cs Y^X trckbmrs4

ocdm trckbkbj o`rm sktm-spmnkekn4

rmqukrm o`rm nùrsm prmpcrctk`b erò Y^X trckbmms4 cbh

mgkokbctm knmlrmcdmr cbh suoomr ncop cntkvktkms t` hmv`tm o`rm tkom t` gcbjucjm, tmnfbkncgcbh nugturcg trckbkbj.

U`gubtmmrs sujjmstmh wcys t` kopr`vm tfmkr w`rd kb o`bkt`rkbj è pràmnt j`cgs cbh ùtnòms ly

pr`vkhkbj ngmcr hmsnrkptk`bs e p`st cbh smnt`r j`cgs4

tmcnfkbj omcsurmombt cbh mvcguctk`b tmnfbkqums4

hmhknctkbj o`rm tkom t` Ycrtknkpct`ry Cbcgysks e r Nòoubkty Cntk`b (YCNC) trckbkbj4 cbh

pr`vkhkbj mxcopgms è pràmnt sunnmssms cbh nfcggmbjms.

Ocby U`gubtmmrs èemrmh khmcs `b f`w p`sts ncb n`btrklutm t` c j``h w`rdkbj rmgctk`bsfkp lmtwmmb tfmU`gubtmmr cbh nùbtmrpcrt tfrùjf

c lmttmr cgkjbombt è tfm U`gubtmmrs sdkggs cbh tfm nòoubktys bmmhs4

wmgg-hmekbmh w`rd csskjbombts e`r l`tf U`gubtmmr cbh nùbtmrpcrt4 cbh

lmttmr sktm-spmnkekn kbe`roctk`b.

@ur tmnfbkncg trckbkbj wcs jrmct kb tfct kt wcs jmbmrcg cbh cppgkmh t` ocbytfkbjs wm nùgh p`ssklgy lm h`kbj4 f`wmvmr, kt eckgmh t` prmpcrm us e`r tfmrmcgkty è hmsnrklkbj ùr a`ls t` f`st nùbtry bctk`bcgs cbh nùbtmrpcrts cbhekjurkbj ùt f`w t` trcbsgctm pràmnt j`cgs cbh `lamntkvms kbt` sunnmsseugcbh rmgmvcbt cntkvktkms.

Kb-^mrvknm Xrckbkbj (K^X) Meemntkvmbmss

Sumstk`b L8 pr`vkhmh U`gubtmmrs wktf mxcopgms è kb-smrvknm trckbkbj (K^X) t` ngcrkey wfct tfmy wmrm t`mvcguctm. K^X wcs hmsnrklmh cs1 rmn`bbmnt4 tmnfbkncg K^X4 pr amnt ocbcjmombt/gmchmrsfkp n`bemrmbnms4smnt`r n`bemrmbnms4 okh-smrvknm cbh ng`sm è smrvknm n`bemrmbnms4 cbh `tfmr p`st-sp`bs`rmh w`rdsf`ps,

n`bemrmbnms, cbh trckbkbj smssk`bs.

Dmmpkbj U`gubtmmrs scem cbh fmcgtfy ks c t`p Ymcnm N`rps prk`rkty. Ymcnm N`rps mopfcsks `b scemty cbhpfyskncg fmcgtf ks rmegmntmh kb U`gubtmmrs p`sktkvm mvcguctk`bs è tfm K^X t` prmpcrm tfmo t` ockbtckb tfmkrpmrs`bcg scemty cbh smnurkty (53 pmrnmbt meemntkvm) cbh tfmkr pfyskncg fmcgtf (=8 pmrnmbt meemntkvm). ^kokgcrt` tfm Y^X rctkbjs è tfmsm t`pkns, gmss tfcb 39 pmrnmbt è U`gubtmmrs rctmh tfmkr K^X kb tfmsm crmcs cskbmeemntkvm(Ekjurm 8


55/108

Ekjurm 88>984 b?>>5:4 b?>5364 b?>5984 b?>=3=4 b?>8>>>4 b?>=984 b?8

8>

88

8=

8:

8:

=9

=5

83

>6

>8

>5

>=

>5

>9-okbutm e`ruo e`r mvmry U`gubtmmr cbh fks/fmr

nùbtmrpcrt t` prmsmbt tfmkr w`rd. Xfks wkgg fmgp t` lrkbj YNUs cbh FNBst` tfm trckbkbjs wktf c j`cg cbh c purp`sm cbh jkvm tfmo sulamnt octtmrt` hksnuss wktf `tfmrs ct tfm n`bemrmbnms.

Cb`tfmr tfmom è tfm K^X nòombts wcs f`w t` kopr`vm b tfm mo`tk`bcg supp`rt pr`vkhmh tfrùjf K^X.U`gubtmmrs sujjmstmh

uskbj trckbmh nùbsmg`rs e`r jrùp cbh kbhkvkhucg smssk`bs4

cgg`wkbj gmss tkom ct K^X e`r U`gubtmmrs t nòpgckb, wfknf okjft ocdm nùbtmrpcrts cbh `tfmrg`ncg pm`pgm ubnòe`rtclgm4

spmbhkbj o`rm tkom `b pr`lgmo-s`gvkbj e`nusmh hksnussk`bs4 cbh ekbcggy

snfmhugkbj o`rm tkom e`r U`gubtmmrs t` rmn`bbmnt wktf mcnf `tfmr.

Kb suoocry, lcsmh `b g`w meemntkvmbmss rctkbjs cbh U`gubtmmrs nòombts, tfmrm ks c pmrnmkvmh bmmh t`kopr`vm Y^X/K^X tmnfbkncg cbh gcbjucjm trckbkbj, cs wmgg cs tfm trckbkbj cbh pr`nmss è w`rdkbj wktfnùbtmrpcrts.

Xmnfbkncg ^dkggs Bmmhmh e`r Yrkocry Csskjbombts

U`gubtmmrs wmrm csdmh t` pr`vkhm emmhlcnd `b tfm spmnkekn tmnfbkncg sdkggs tfmy bmmhmh t` n`bhunt tfmkrw`rd cbh wfmtfmr `r b`t tfm Ymcnm N`rps chmquctmgy pr`vkhmh tfmo wktf tfmsm sdkggs. O`st U`gubtmmrscjrmmh tfct tfmy bmmhmh mcnf è tfmsm sdkggs e`r tfmkr w`rd kb tfm Ymcnm N`rps (Xclgm 33).

C oca`rkty è tfm rmsp`bhmbts n`bekromh tfct lme`rm a`kbkbj tfm Ymcnm N`rps, tfmy cgrmchy fch tfm sdkgg tò`bkt`r cbh rmp`rt `b pràmnt w`rd (:6 pmrnmbt), cs wmgg cs csskjbombt-spmnkekn sdkggs (:< pmrnmbt). @vmr

fcge cgs` fch prm-smrvknm sdkggs t` `rjcbkzm nòoubkty cntkvktkms (=5 pmrnmbt). Gmss tfcb fcge èrmsp`bhmbts sckh tfct lme`rm tfmkr smrvknm tfmy fch tfm sdkggs t` hmskjb cbh kopgmombt trckbkbj smssk`bs(8> pmrnmbt), cssmss nòoubkty bmmhs (>> pmrnmbt) cbh lukgh tfm ncpcnkty è g`ncg `rjcbkzctk`bs (


57/108

O`st U`gubtmmrs emgt tfmy rmnmkvmh chmquctm trckbkbj kb tfmsm sdkgg crmcs. Xfm `bm kop`rtcbt mxnmptk`b kstfct gmss tfcb fcge `e tfm U`gubtmmrs (8: pmrnmbt) rmp`rtkbj rmnmkvkbj chmquctmtrckbkbj t` lukgh tfmncpcnkty `e g`ncg `rjcbkzctk`bs, fkjfgkjftmh kb ymgg`w kb tfm tclgm lmg`w. O`st U`gubtmmrs (:; pmrnmbt)cjrmmh tfct g`ncg ncpcnkty lukghkbj wcs bmmhmh e`r tfmkr Ymcnm N`rps w`rd cbh `bgy


58/108

UKKK. Ymcnm N`rps ^tcee ûpp`rtX` cnfkmvm tfm Ymcnm N`rps ekrst j`cg è pr`vkhkbj trckbmh omb cbh wòmb t` ommt f`st nùbtry bmmhs,tfm Ymcnm N`rps oust chmquctmgy supp`rt U`gubtmmrs kb tfm ekmgh. Xfks nfcptmr rmp`rts U`gubtmmremmhlcnd clùt tfm supp`rt tfmy rmnmkvmh erò Ymcnm N`rps kb-nùbtry stcee l`tf hkrmntgy cbh kbhkrmntgytfrùjf tfm prmpcrctk`b è fùskbj, f`st nùbtry nùbtmrpcrts, cbh `tfmrs wktf wfò U`gubtmmrs w`rd.

ûpp`rt cgs` kbnguhms supp`rt rmnmkvmh erò `tfmr U`gubtmmrs, omcsurmh tfrùjf pr`xkokty t` `tfmrU`gubtmmrs cbh ermqumbny è vkskts. U`gubtmmrs cgs` pr`vkhmh emmhlcnd `b tfm vkskts tfmy rmnmkvmh eròtfmkr nùbtry hkrmnt`r, pr`jrco stcee omolmrs, Ymcnm N`rps omhkncg èeknmrs (YNO@s), cbh scemty cbhsmnurkty stcee.

Yrmpcrctk`b è Chmquctm Fùskbj, F`st Nùbtry N`ggmcjums, cbh Z`rdsktm

O`st U`gubtmmrs (:< pmrnmbt) rmnmkvmh chmquctm fùskbj wfmb tfmy crrkvmh `b-sktm. Cb`tfmr 3; pmrnmbtfch chmquctm fùskbj wktfkb tfrmm o`btfs. Cs sf`wb kb tfm ekjurm lmg`w, cgo`st cgg U`gubtmmrs (;=pmrnmbt) kb nùbtry o`rm tfcb skx o`btfs fch chmquctm fùskbj wktfkb tfm ekrst skx o`btfs.

9 okbutms`r gmss (Ekjurm 85).

=

35

>=


60/108

>9

3;

36

;

9 = 39 3= =

39 okb

9-3= okb

Ymrnmbt

Ekjurm 85.

F`w ecr cwcy kb tkom kstfm ng`smst YNU t` yù,`tfmr tfcb yùr spùsm`r sktm octms0(b?833>)

(qumstk`b N5l)

Xw` ùt è ekvm U`gubtmmrs (89 pmrnmbt) rmp`rtmh tfmy scw `tfmr U`gubtmmrs ct gmcst wmmdgy `r o`rm ètmb,cs sf`wb kb tfm tclgm lmg`w. ^tkgg, o`st U`gubtmmrs (=; pmrnmbt) rmp`rtmh tfmy scw `tfmr U`gubtmmrs mvmry

tw` wmmds, o`btfgy `r mvmb gmss tfcb `bnm c o`btf.

\msp`bsms YmrnmbtXclgm 3%

^mvmrcg tkoms c wmmd 39%

Zmmdgy


61/108

Gmsstfcb ;68) 83% 89% 33% =%

88

8:

86

==

=5

=6

=;

:>

:8

>9

>5

>6

65>)

(qumstk`b M:)

Ekjurm 86 sf`ws fkjfmr pmrnmbtcjms è rmsp`bhmbts rmp`rtmh j``h/mxnmptk`bcgf`st nùbtry supp`rt kbtfm crmcs è nr`ss-nugturcg, scemty cbh smnurkty, cbh gcbjucjm. U`gubtmmrs emgt ounf gmss supp`rtmh lytfmkr f`st nùbtry n`ggmcjums `b mo`tk`bcg, tmnfbkncg sdkggs, cbh a`l hmvmg`pombt kssums.

=;

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps


62/108

59

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps ;3=4 >;=>)

(qumstk`b M6)

^kokgcr t` U`gubtmmrs p`sktkvm mvcguctk`b è tfmkr `vmrcgg kb-nùbtry omhkncg supp`rt, c oca`rkty èrmsp`bhmbts (:< pmrnmbt) rmp`rtmh tfmy wmrm n`bskhmrclgy`r mxnmptk`bcggysctksekmhwktf tfm fmcgtf ncrmtfmy rmnmkvmh erò tfmkr YNO@(s). Gmss tfcb 39 pmrnmbt wmrm okbkocggy`r b`t ct cgg sctksekmh.

>

>;

:

3

9 39 9 8

B`t ct cgg

Okbkocggy

Chmquctmgy

N`bskhmrclgy

Mxnmptk`bcggy

Ymrnmbt9

Ekjurm 8;.

F`w sctksekmh crmyù wktf tfm fmcgtfncrm tfct yù rmnmkvmerò yùr YNO@(s)0(b?8393)

(qumstk`b M=)

Ukskts erò Kb-Nùbtry Ymcnm N`rps ^tcee

O`st U`gubtmmrs (6< pmrnmbt) fcvm lmmb vksktmh ct gmcst `bnm ly tfmkr CYNH `r pr`jrco ocbcjmr (Ekjurm=9). O`rm tfcb fcge fcvm cgs` lmmb vksktmh ly tfmkr YNO@. Gmss tfcb fcge è tfm rmsp`bhmbts rmp`rtmhjmttkbj c vkskt erò tfmkr scemty cbh smnurkty n``rhkbct`r (^^N), nùbtry hkrmnt`r (NH), `r pr`jrcookbj cbhtrckbkbj eeknmr (YX@)/sul-rmjk`bcg pr`jrcookbj cbh trckbkbj n``rhkbct`r (^\YXN).


63/108

83

85

=3

6=

55;4 >:;64 >6:54>6;=4 >;).

53

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps


64/108

6:

;>

;>

;8

65

6.Ymrnmbt rctkbjrmsp`bskvmbmss tÙ`gubtmmrs kssumsè vkskt/s cschmquctm.

(Kb `rhmr è ekjurm b ?3;664 ;


65/108

5>

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps 9

>3


66/108

KV. U`gubtmmr ^cemty cbh ^mnurkty

U`gubtmmr scemty cbh smnurkty rmockbs `bm è Ymcnm N`rps fkjfmst prk`rktkms, lcgcbnmh wktf ockbtckbkbjtfm meemntkvmbmss è tfm U`gubtmmr mxpmrkmbnm. Erò cppgknctk`b tfrùjf ng`sm è smrvknm, tfm YmcnmN`rps w`rds t` pr`vkhm tfm lmst trckbkbj cbh kbe`roctk`b clùt scemty rksds cbh f`w U`gubtmmrs ncbokbkokzm tf`sm rksds. Cs b`tmh kb tfm prmvkùs tw` nfcptmrs, U`gubtmmrs jcvm tfm fkjfmst rctkbjs t` scemty

cbh smnurkty trckbkbj cbh stcee supp`rt e`r scemty cbh smnurkty.

Zfct crm U`gubtmmrs pmrnmptk`bs è scemty cbh tfmkr mxpmrkmbnms wktf nrkoms0 Xfks nfcptmr rmp`rtsU`gubtmmrs pmrnmkvmh rksds t` tfmkr scemty cbh tfmkr mxpmrkmbnms wktf nrkom cbh fcrcssombt.

Xfrmcts t` U`gubtmmr ^cemty

O`st U`gubtmmrs emmg scem wfmrm tfmy gkvm cbh w`rd. Cgo`st cgg U`gubtmmrs emgt chmquctmgy scem`r vmryscemwfmrm tfmy gkvmh (;= pmrnmbt) cbh w`rdmh (;6 pmrnmbt) cs sf`wb lmg`w. Xfm ymgg`w sfchkbj kb tfmtclgm fkjfgkjfts tfct 3= pmrnmbt è U`gubtmmrs emgt ubscemwfmb trcvmgkbj kb tfmkr f`st nùbtry cbh 36pmrnmbt rmp`rtmh emmgkbj ubscemkb tfm nkty wfmrm tfm ockb Ymcnm N`rps èeknm wcs g`nctmh.

F`w scem h` yù emmg0

^ktuctk`bB`t Ct

Cgg ^cem@etmb

]bscemChmquctmgy

^cem]sucggy

^cem Umry cem

Zfmrm yù gkvm b?(896>) 73% 8% 39%


67/108

5=

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps 3

39

>

9 39 9 8

B t ct cgg kbe romh

^òmwfct kbe romh

Chmquctmgy kbe romh

Zmgg kbe romh

Umry wmgg kbe romh

Ymrnmbt9

Ekjurm =5.

F`w kbe`romh h` yù emmgclùt mvmbts kb yùr f`stnùbtry tfct okjft ceemntyùr scemty0(b?89:;)

(qumstk`b E,536 U`gubtmmrs wf` wr`tm kb cbswmrs t` tfks `pmb-mbhmh qumstk`b, `vmr fcge è tf`sm wf`spmnkekmh c sùrnm è kbe`roctk`b (3,839 è


68/108

Fcs yùr scemty lmmb tfrmctmbmh wfmb trcvmgkbj0

^ktuctk`b

3

Bmvmr

(@etmb)

8

(]sucggy)

=

Cgwcys

Xrcbsp`rtctk`bn`bhktk`bs (vmfkngms,hrkvmrs, r`chs, mtn.)

b?(8985) 38% % % % 3%

G`hjkbj n`bhktk`bswfmb trcvmgkbj

b?(>;>;) =:% 3) >% ; pmrnmbt è tfm rmsp`bhmbts (b?>,::6). Xfmsmn`bh o`st nòo`b n`bhktk`b, ombtk`bmh kb


69/108

Cjjrcvctmh csscugt (csscugt wktf c wmcp`b `r smrkùs kbaury)

^mxucg csscugt `tfmr tfcb rcpm

\cpm

Xfmsm nrkoms cbh ngcrkeykbj mxcopgms crm kbtmbhmh t` octnf nrkoms cs hmekbmh kb tfm Ymcnm N`rps NrkomKbnkhmbt \mp`rtkbj E`ro (NK\E).

Xfm survmy csdmh mcnf U`gubtmmr ke fm `r sfm mxpmrkmbnmh cby è tfmsm nrkoms kb tfm f`st nùbtry hurkbjtfm pcst 3< o`btfs4 f`w ocby tkoms tfm U`gubtmmr fch lmmb c vkntko è tfct nrkom kb tfmkr nòoubkty cbhùt-è-nòoubkty4 t` wfò tfm nrkom wcs rmp`rtmh4 rmcs`bs e`r b`t rmp`rtkbj tfm nrkom4 cbh wf` tfmU`gubtmmr lmgkmvmh fch nòokttmh tfm nrkom.

@vmr fcge (b?3 pmrnmbt) mxpmrkmbnmh ct gmcst bm `r o`rm tfmets. O`st mxpmrkmbnmh`bgy `bm tfmet (b` n`ber`btctk`b wktf tfkme4 m.j., pkndp`ndmt). Xfks ks skokgcr t` tfm pmrnmbt) e`gg`wmh ly pfyskncg csscugt (39 pmrnmbt).

399

;6

;=

;

8

33

9% ;;9=4>;984 >;9;984>6;54 >663)

(qumstk`b E5)

Crm U`gubtmmrs o`rm gkdmgy t` mxpmrkmbnm nrkom wktfkb r ùtskhm è tfmkr nòoubkty0 Cnn`rhkbj t` tfmU`gubtmmrs rmsp`bsms sf`wb kb Ekjurm =6, kt ocy hmpmbh `b l`tf wfmrm tfmy spmbh o`st è tfmkr tkomcbh tfm typm è nrkom. E`r mxcopgm, o`rm U`gubtmmrs (33 pmrnmbt) rmp`rtmh lmkbj tfm vkntko è lurjgcry(kggmjcg mbtry kbt` pmrocbmbt `r tmop`rcry fùskbj, wfmtfmr cbytfkbj ks tcdmb) wktfkb tfmkr nòoubktywfmrm tfmy spmbt o`st è tfmkr tkom tfcb tfm > pmrnmbt è rmsp`bhmbts wf` wmrm lurjgcrkzmh ùtskhm è

5:

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps


70/108


71/108


72/108


73/108


74/108


75/108

Xclgm %

(b?3=;>) :3% 88% 8=% >% 8% 3=%Jmbhmr

\cnkcg/n`g`r/ mtfbkn (b?3>63) ;3% >9% 3;% >% % 3=%

(b?3:3>) ;9%


76/108

V. N`bngusk`bs cbh \mnòombhctk`bs

Xfm U`gubtmmr ûrvmy tcdms tfm pugsm è tfm U`gubtmmrs kb smrvknm, erò tf`sm wf` wmrm rmnmbtgy sw`rb kbt` tf`sm jmttkbj rmchy t` rmturb fòm, `b dmy cspmnts è tfmkr Ymcnm N`rps mxpmrkmbnm. Xfmkr rmsp`bsmsykmgh p`kbt-kb-tkom emmhlcnd `b f`w U`gubtmmrs ncrry ùt tfm okssk`b è tfm cjmbny t` prò`tm w`rghpmcnm cbh erkmbhsfkp tfrùjf tfmsm tfrmm j`cgs1

3. Fmgp tfm pm`pgm è kbtmrmstmh nùbtrkms ommt tfmkr bmmh e`r trckbmh omb cbh wòmb.. Fmgp prò`tm c lmttmr ubhmrstcbhkbj è `tfmr pm`pgms b tfm pcrt e Comrkncbs.

Xfm n`bngusk`bs erò tfm survmy crm prmsmbtmh lmg`w. Xfmy crm e`gg`wmh ly c hmsnrkptk`b è wcys tfmcjmbny usms tfm U`gubtmmr survmy kbe`roctk`b cbh sujjmstk`bs `b wcys t` mbfcbnm kts usm. Xfm ekbcgsmntk`b è tfks nfcptmr pgcnms tfks rmp`rt è tfm U`gubtmmrs pmrspmntkvms kbt` tfm lr`chmr n`btmxt è `tfmr`bj`kbj cjmbny mvcguctk`bs hmskjbmh t` cssmss cbh h`nuombt tfm `vmrcgg kopcnt è Ymcnm N`rps.

Ymcnm N`rps ^trmbjtfs cbh Crmcs e`r Kopr`vmombt Cnn`rhkbj t` U`gubtmmrs

U`gubtmmrs kb . Xfrùjf tfmkr w`rd cbh kbtmrcntk`b wktf

tfmkr nòoubktkms, U`gubtmmrs prò`tm nr`ss-nugturcg ubhmrstcbhkbj co`bj f`st nùbtry kbhkvkhucgs clùtComrkncbs, ètmb fmgpkbj t` hkspmg stmrm typms. Zktf lmttmr cnnmss t` tmnfb`g`jy cbh nòoubknctk`bs,o`st U`gubtmmrs crm clgm t` mgmntr`bkncggy nòoubknctm wktf `tfmr Comrkncbs lcnd kb tfm ]bktmh ^tctmsclùt gkem kb tfmkr f`st nùbtry.

U`gubtmmrs fcvm nòombtmh f`w hkeeknugt kt ks t` hmsnrklm c Ymcnm N`rps mxpmrkmbnm, s` wfkgm ocbyU`gubtmmrs mxpmntctk`bs è wfct tfmy wkgg h` cbh f`w tfmy wkgg gkvm ètmb octnfmh wfct tfmy mxpmntmh, e`r`tfmrs tfmrm wmrm surprksms. U`gubtmmrs o`st ètmb ombtk`bmh tfmkr prkocry csskjbombt w`rd wcs b`twfct tfmy mxpmntmh. ^mn`bhgy, tfmkr stcbhcrh è gkvkbj ct tfmkr sktms, wfknf wcs sòmtkoms lmttmr tfcbtfmy mxpmntmh, wcs ubmxpmntmh. X` okbkokzm hkeemrmbnms lmtwmmb euturm U`gubtmmrs mxpmntctk`bs cbhmxpmrkmbnm, U`gubtmmrs sujjmstmh tfct rmnruktmrs, p`sts, cbh tfm cjmbny okjft tcdm stmps t`

chvksm Ymcnm N`rps cppgkncbts t` try t` gkokt tfmkr mxpmntctk`bs clùt tfm Ymcnm N`rps4

lmttmr octnf U`gubtmmrs sdkggs wktf tfmkr nòoubktkms bmmhs4 rm-mvcguctm sòm è tfm pgcnms wfmrm U`gubtmmrs crm csskjbmh t` w`rd4 cbh

pr`vkhm lmttmr tmnfbkncg, gcbjucjm, cbh nugturcg trckbkbj s` U`gubtmmrs ncb o`rm meemntkvmgycnfkmvm Ymcnm N`rps ekrst j`cg.

Ymcnm N`rps trckbkbj cbh supp`rt ks typkncggy rmp`rtmh t` lm o`rm tfcb chmquctm kb o`st crmcs. F`wmvmr,U`gubtmmrs mxprmssmh n`bnmrbs clùt lmkbj euggy prmpcrmh t` h` tfmkr Ymcnm N`rps a`ls (J`cg 3). Xfmsmn`bnmrbs crm rmegmntmh kb tfmkr g`wmr rctkbjs e`r trckbkbj t`

:8

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps


77/108

w`rd wktf f`st nùbtry nùbtmrpcrts4

spmcd tfm g`ncg gcbjucjm4 cbh

pmre`ro tmnfbkncg cspmnts è tfm w`rd.

U`gubtmmrs wf` rmnòombhmh o`rm tmnfbkncg cbh gcbjucjm trckbkbj mxprmssmh tfmkr hmskrm e`r o`rm

prcntkncg mxpmrkmbnm t` cppgy tfmkr tmnfbkncg trckbkbj cbh e`nus `b tfm tmnfbkncg v`nclugcry rmgmvcbt t` tfmkr w`rd.

Jkvmb `ghmr U`gubtmmrs bmmh e`r o`rm gcbjucjm trckbkbj, hkeemrmbt trckbkbj cppr`cnfms ocy lm bmmhmh e`r`ghmr cbh yùbjmr trckbmms. Cnn`rhkbj t` U`gubtmmrs wf` jcvm g`wmr `vmrcgg rctkbjs t` sòm typms èw`rd-rmgctmh supp`rt, p`sts ocy fmgp U`gubtmmrs ly pr`vkhkbj o`rm pràmnt emmhlcnd cbh o`rm supp`rte`r U`gubtmmrs tmnfbkncg sdkggs cbh a`l csskjbombts.

U`gubtmmrs `lsmrvmh tfct p`sts ocy bmmh o`rm rmsùrnms t` n`bhunt o`rm tf`rùjf sktm hmvmg`pombtvkskts. Jkvmb tfm kop`rtcbnm è pgcnkbj U`gubtmmrs kb nòoubktkms tfct crm rmchy t` w`rd n``pmrctkvmgywktf tfmo, U`gubtmmrs rmnòombhmh p`sts cgg`w mbùjf sktm prmpcrctk`b tkom t` hksnuss tfm YmcnmN`rps cbh pràmnts j`cgs wktf dmy nòoubkty omolmrs cbh tfm pr`spmntkvm nùbtmrpcrt.

U`gubtmmrs rcrmgy fcvm tfm nòe`rts tfmy mba`ymh lcnd kb tfm ]bktmh ^tctms. Hmspktm gkoktmh cvckgclkgkty èmgmntrknkty cbh rubbkbj wctmr ct sòm sktms, f`wmvmr, o`st U`gubtmmrs rmp`rt tfmy rmnmkvmh chmquctmfùskbj cs s``b cs tfmy crrkvmh ct tfmkr sktms. Chcptkbj t` gkem kb ks`gctmh rurcg t`wbs cbh vkggcjms ks cnfcggmbjm, oktkjctmh ly tmnfb`g`jkms sunf cs nmggpf`bms cbh nòputmrs tfct n`bbmnt U`gubtmmrs t` l`tfkb-nùbtry stcee cbh erkmbhs cbh ecokgy kb tfm ]bktmh ^tctms kb c wcy mcrgkmr jmbmrctk`bs è U`gubtmmrs wmrmb`t. Y`st nòoubknctk`bs, kbnguhkbj scemty cgmrts, crm b`w rmcnfkbj U`gubtmmrs o`rm qukndgy vkc mockgscbh tmxt omsscjms.

U`gubtmmrs o`st ètmb ombtk`bmh strmss erò nr`ss-nugturcg kssums, tfmkr prkocry csskjbombt,ks`gctk`b/g`bmgkbmss, `r g`ncg gcbjucjm. ^òm è tfks strmss okjft lm rmgkmvmh tfrùjf o`rm e`nusmhtrckbkbj cbh supp`rt kb tfmsm crmcs. Bmvmrtfmgmss, o`st U`gubtmmrs rmp`rt pr`huntkvm wcys è n`pkbj wktfstrmss4 ocby U`gubtmmrs pursum pmrs`bcg f`llkms, tcgd wktf erkmbhs cbh ecokgy kb tfm ]bktmh ^tctms, `r tcgdwktf U`gubtmmrs ct `tfmr sktms.

^trmss erò FKU/CKH^-rmgctmh w`rd ks gmss è cb kssum tfcb fcs lmmb mcrgkmr sujjmstmh, cs c oca`rkty èU`gubtmmrs rmp`rtmh tfmy fch b` FKU/CKH^ strmss. Kbstmch, tfm nfcggmbjms è tfmkr FKU/CKH^ w`rd crmo`rm rmgctmh t` tfm `lstcngms tfmy ecnm kb trykbj t` cnnòpgksf cbh cssmss tfmkr w`rd. U`gubtmmrs crmerustrctmh ct b`t lmkbj clgm t` e`gg`w up wktf FKU/CKH^ pr`jrcos, ly c gcnd è db`wgmhjm clùt f`w tòmcsurm tfm meemntkvmbmss è tfmkr FKU/CKH^ mee`rts, cbh lmncusm è tfm hkeeknugty è hmcgkbj wktfnòoubkty stkjoc crùbh FKU/CKH^ kssums.

Cgtfùjf U`gubtmmrs gkvm kb ks`gctmh rurcg sktms, typkncggy g`nctmh o`rm tfcb skx fùrs erò tfm ockb YmcnmN`rps èeknm, o`st fcvm lmmb vksktmh ly kb-nùbtry stcee. Hurkbj tfmsm vkskts, U`gubtmmrs rmnmkvmhchmquctm kbe`roctk`b cbh emgt nòe`rtclgm hksnusskbj kssums wktf tfmkr vkskt`r(s) wf` wcs/wmrm rmsp`bskvmt` tfmkr kssums. Z`rdkbj wktf g`ncg nùbtmrpcrts ks c p`tmbtkcggy rmwcrhkbj cbh ètmb nfcggmbjkbj cspmnt èc Ymcnm N`rps U`gubtmmr mxpmrkmbnm. Xfks ymcr, U`gubtmmrs wmrm gmss p`sktkvm clùt tfmkr Ymcnm N`rpsnùbtmrpcrts supp`rt tfcb Ymcnm N`rps stcee supp`rt, kb tmros è mo`tk`bcg supp`rt, tmnfbkncg sdkggs, a`l

csskjbombt/hmvmg`pombt, cbh pràmnt emmhlcnd. Y`sts ocy ecnkgktctm lmttmr w`rdkbj rmgctk`bsfkps lmtwmmbU`gubtmmrs cbh tfmkr nùbtmrpcrts tfrùjf o`rm a`kbt U`gubtmmr/nùbtmrpcrt trckbkbj smssk`bs, ommtkbjs ctwfknf U`gubtmmrs cbh tfmkr nùbtmrpcrts n`-prmsmbt c rmp`rt `b tfmkr pràmnt, `r o`rm p`st-sp`bs`rmhmvmbts t` wfknf nùbtmrpcrts crm kbvktmh.

U`gubtmmrs emmg scem wfmrm tfmy gkvm cbh w`rd, lut emmg sgkjftgy o`rm tfrmctmbmh wfkgm trcvmgkbj ùtskhmtfmkr nòoubkty. Xfmkr jrmctmst trcbsp`rtctk`b tfrmcts nòm erò ubscem hrkvmrs, ubscem vmfkngms cbh p``rhrkvkbj n`bhktk`bs, wfknf crm sktuctk`bs lmy`bh tfmkr n`btr`g. @e tfm gmss tfcb fcge è U`gubtmmrs wf` fcvmmxpmrkmbnmh cby nrkom, tfmet ks tfm o`st typkncg nrkom l`tf wktfkb cbh ùtskhm è tfmkr nòoubkty.U`gubtmmrs typkncggy h`bt rmp`rt mvmry nrkom kbnkhmbt lmncusm kt ks t`` okb`r `r nòo`b t` rmp`rt `r

:=

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps


78/108

lmncusm tfmy hkh b`t tfkbd Ymcnm N`rps nùgh fmgp. X` kopr`vm U`gubtmmrs nrkom rmp`rtkbj, p`sts scemtycbh smnurkty n``rhkbct`rs ocy bmmh t` strmss tfct cgg nrkom mvmbts sfùgh lm rmp`rtmh, mvmb kb ncsmswfmrm U`gubtmmrs emmg kt ks t`` nòo`b `r okb`r t` rmp`rt.

U`gubtmmrs wf` fcvm lmmb kb-nùbtry g`bjmr tfcb c ymcr crm jmbmrcggy o`rm sctksekmh, o`rm gkdmgy t` ocdmtfm scom hmnksk`b clùt a`kbkbj Ymcnm N`rps, cbh o`rm n`bekhmbt clùt cnfkmvkbj Ymcnm N`rps j`cgs.Zfkgm tkom-kb-nùbtry ocy mcsm emmgkbjs è hkssctksecntk`b e`r sòm, U`gubtmmrs wf` fcvm lmmb kb-nùbtryg`bjmr tfcb c ymcr crm cgs` o`rm gkdmgy t` rmnòombh tfm Ymcnm N`rps pr`jrco kb tfmkr f`st nùbtry lmrme`nusmh `r rmhmskjbmh. Y`sts ocy n`bskhmr uskbj tfm nrktkqums cbh ekmgh mxpmrkmbnms è g`bjmr smrvkbjU`gubtmmrs t` khmbtkey bmmhmh pr`jrco, pràmnt cbh sktm-spmnkekn kopr`vmombts.

Cnr`ss tfm wkhm vcrkmty è t`pkns n`vmrmh ly tfm U`gubtmmr ûrvmy, U`gubtmmrs jmbmrcggy n`bekro tfctYmcnm N`rps ks h`kbj c j``h a`l è dmmpkbj tfmo scem cbh fmcgtfy cbh pr`vkhkbj w`rd tfmy ekbhpmrs`bcggy sctkseykbj. U`gubtmmrs rmnòombh o`rm trckbkbj cbh supp`rt kb crmcs tfct okjft fmgp tfmo t`smrvm tfmkr nòoubktkms o`rm meemntkvmgy, mspmnkcggy kb tmros è g`ncg gcbjucjm cbh tmnfbkncg sdkggs.Kbnrmcsmh trckbkbj cbh tmnfbkncg supp`rt e`r U`gubtmmrs prkocry csskjbombt w`rd cbh w`rdkbjrmgctk`bsfkps wktf tfmkr nùbtmrpcrts ocy mbfcbnm U`gubtmmrs smbsm è cnnòpgksfombt cbh gmch t`jrmctmr kopcnt. O`rm kb-nùbtry stcee supp`rt e`r U`gubtmmrs prkocry csskjbombt w`rd ocy gmch t` cjrmctmr smbsm è U`gubtmmrs cnnòpgksfombt è tfm sf`rt-tmro cspmnt è J`cg 3 t` trcbsemr sdkggs t` f`stnùbtry kbhkvkhucgs cbh tfm g`bj-tmro rmsugts è J`cg 3 t` lukgh g`ncg ncpcnkty e`r sustckbclkgkty.

]skbj tfm U`gubtmmr ûrvmy \msugts

U`gubtmmr ûrvmy rmsp`bsms crm usmh e`r ougtkpgm purp`sms. Ekrst cbh e`rmo`st, tfm


79/108

F`st Nùbtry Kopcnt Mvcguctk`bs e J`cg 3 cbh J`cg )

3> t` 36 o`btfs

36%3; t` =%

5 o`btfs `r gmss

33%

O`rm tfcb %

: t` 3< o`btfs

>>%

O`btfs Kb-Nùbtry (b?8pmrnmbt) fcvm lmmb kb-nùbtry o`rmtfcb `bm ymcr, lut b`t g`bjmr tfcb pmrnmbt fcvm cgrmchynòpgmtmh tfmkr ekrst tùr (kb-nùbtry


85/108

Cppmbhkx L1 Ymcnm N`rps

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps


86/108

68

Xfm Ymcnm N`rps


87/108

3

Ymcnm N`rps


88/108

. Zfknf e tfm e gg`wkbj kbktkctkvms h`ms yùr prkocry w`rd cgs` kbnguhm0 Ygmcsm ocrd cgg tfct cppgy.

@ Lk`hkvmrskty n`bsmrvctk`b @ Kbnòm jmbmrctk`b @ \urcg hmvmg`pombt@ Luskbmss chvkskbj @ Kbe`roctk`b cbh nòoubknctk`bs @ ]rlcb hmvmg`pombt/@ Nfkgh survkvcg tmnfb`g`jy (KNX) Oubknkpcg hmvmg`pombt@ Mbjgksf tmcnfkbj @ Gklrcry hmvmg`pombt @ ZKH/JCH@ Mbvkr`bombt w`rd @ Oknr`-mbtmrprksm @ Z`rdkbj wktf tfm hksclgmh@ Jkrgs mhunctk`b @ O`lkgkzkbj f`st nùbtry @ Z`rdkbj wktf BJ@(s)@ FKU/CKH^ bctk`bcgs (FNBs) t` v`gubtmmr @ Z`rdkbj wktf yùtf@ Fùsmf`gh e``h smnurkty @ Bcturcg rmsùrnms ocbcjmombt @ Z`rgh Zksm ^nf``gs/

@ Butrktk`b mhunctk`b N`rrmsp`bhmbnm Octnf

@ @tfmr1PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

8. F`w ocby fùrs h` yù spmbh `b yùr prkocry csskjbombt hurkbj cb cvmrcjm w`rd wmmd0

PPPPPFùrs pmr cvmrcjm w`rd wmmd `b prkocry csskjbombt cntkvktkms

=. X` wfct mxtmbt crm yùr sdkggs, kbtmrmsts, cbh mxpmrkmbnms usmh ly yùr prkocry csskjbombt0

@ B`t ct cgg @ Y``rgy @ Chmquctmgy @ Zmgg @ Umry Zmgg

5. Zfknf e tfm e`gg`wkbj h` yùr smn`bhcry cntkvktkms kbnguhm0 Ygmcsm ocrd cgg tfct cppgy.

@ Lk`hkvmrskty n`bsmrvctk`b @ Kbnòm jmbmrctk`b @ \urcg hmvmg`pombt@ Luskbmss chvkskbj @ Kbe`roctk`b cbh nòoubknctk`bs @ ]rlcb hmvmg`pombt/@ Nfkgh survkvcg tmnfb`g`jy (KNX) Oubknkpcg hmvmg`pombt@ Mbjgksf tmcnfkbj @ Gklrcry hmvmg`pombt @ ZKH/JCH@ Mbvkr`bombt w`rd @ Oknr`-mbtmrprksm @ Z`rdkbj wktf tfm hksclgmh

@ Jkrgs mhunctk`b @ O`lkgkzkbj f`st nùbtry @ Z`rdkbj wktf BJ@(s)@ FKU/CKH^ bctk`bcgs t` v`gubtmmr @ Z`rdkbj wktf yùtf@ Fùsmf`gh e``h smnurkty @ Bcturcg rmsùrnms ocbcjmombt @ Z`rgh Zksm ^nf``gs/

@ Butrktk`b mhunctk`b N`rrmsp`bhmbnm Octnf

@ @tfmr1PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

@ B` ^mn`bhcry Cntkvktkms

:. F`w ocby fùrs h` yù spmbh `b smn`bhcry cntkvktkms (kbktkctkvms `tfmr tfcb yùr prkocrycsskjbombt w`rd) hurkbj cb cvmrcjm w`rd wmmd0

PPPPPFùrs pmr cvmrcjm w`rd wmmd `b smn`bhcry cntkvktkms

6. X` wfct mxtmbt ks tfm Ymcnm N`rps w`rd yù h` pmrs`bcggy sctkseykbj0

@ B`t ct cgg @ Okbkocggy @ O`hmrctmgy @ N`bskhmrclgy @ Mxnmptk`bcggy


89/108

>

L. Xrckbkbj e`r yùr Ymcnm N`rps Csskjbombt

[ùr rmsp`bsms fmrm wkgg fmgp stcee ct fmchqucrtmrs cssmss cbh mbfcbnm tfm meemntkvmbmss è U`gubtmmrtrckbkbj.

3. F`w g`bj wcs yùr Yrm-^mrvknm Xrckbkbj (Y^X) lme rm yù wmrm sw`rb kb cs c U`gubtmmr0

@ 5 wmmds `r gmss@ : wmmds@ 6 wmmds@ ; wmmds@ 39 wmmds@ 33 wmmds@ 3< wmmds@ G`bjmr tfcb 3< wmmds

. Zfct cspmnts e yùr Y^X nùgh fcvm lmmb kopr`vmh0 Ygmcsm lm spmnkekn cbh pr`vkhm mxcopgms.

PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP





90/108

8

8. Ygmcsm mvcguctm yùr Kb-^mrvknm Xrckbkbj (K^X) meemntkvmbmss kb prmpcrkbj yù t`TK^X kbnguhms1 \mn`bbmnt, Xmnfbkncg K^X, pràmnt ocbcjmombt gmchmrsfkp n`bemrmbnms, smnt`r n`bemrmbnms, Okh-^mrvknm cbh Ng`sm è ^mrvknm n`bemrmbnms, cbh `tfmr p`st-sp`bs`rmh w`rdsf`ps, n`bemrmbnms, cbh trckbkbj smssk`bs._

B`tMeemntkvm Y``r Chmquctm Meemntkvm

UmryMeemntkvm

BC/B`trckbkbj

c. Ocbcjm nugturcg hkeemrmbnms @ @ @ @ @ @

l. Hmcg wktf chaustombt kssums @ @ @ @ @ @

n. Lukgh cbh strmbjtfmb w`rdkbjrmgctk`bsfkps wktf nùbtmrpcrts

@ @ @ @ @ @

h. ]sm gcbjucjm bmmhmh kb w`rd cbhs`nkcg kbtmrcntk`bs

@ @ @ @ @ @

m. Ymre`ro tmnfbkncg cspmnts è yùr w`rd @ @ @ @ @ @e. Z`rd wktf pràmnt j`cgs cbh `lamntkvms @ @ @ @ @ @j. ]sm pcrtknkpct`ry hmvmg`pombt

cssmssombts (m.j., Ycrtknkpct`ry Cbcgyskse`r Nòoubkty Cntk`b `r YCNC)

@ @ @ @ @ @

f. O`bkt`r pràmnt j`cgs cbh ùtnòms @ @ @ @ @ @k. Ockbtckb yùr pfyskncg fmcgtf @ @ @ @ @ @a. Ockbtckb yùr ombtcg/mo`tk`bcg fmcgtf @ @ @ @ @ @d. Ockbtckb yùr pmrs`bcg scemty cbh

smnurkty@ @ @ @ @ @

=. Zfct cspmnts e yùr K^X nùgh lm kopr`vmh0 Ygmcsm lm spmnkekn cbh pr`vkhm mxcopgms.





5. Ygmcsm jkvm us emmhlcnd clùt tfm e`gg wkbj sdkggs kb rmgctk`b t` yùr w`rd.

Hkh yù fcvm tfm

sdkgg lme`rm

a`kbkbj tfm Ymcnm

N`rps0

Ks tfm sdkgg bmmhmh

e`r yùr Ymcnm

N`rps w`rd0

Fcvm yù fch chmquctm Ymcnm

N`rps trckbkbj t` cnqukrm tfm

sdkgg0

[ms B` [ms B` [ms B`B` Xrckbkbj

Bmmhmh

c. ^dkggs spmnkekn t` oy csskjbombt @ @ @ @ @ @ @

l. Cssmsskbj nòoubkty bmmhs @ @ @ @ @ @ @

n. @rjcbkzkbj/kopgmombtkbjnòoubkty cntkvktkms

@ @ @ @ @ @ @

h. Lukghkbj ncpcnkty è g`ncg`rjcbkzctk`bs

@ @ @ @ @ @ @

m. O`bkt`rkbj, rmp`rtkbj cbhmvcguctkbj oy w`rd

@ @ @ @ @ @ @

e. Hmskjbkbj cbh kopgmombtkbjtrckbkbj smssk`bs

@ @ @ @ @ @ @


91/108

=

N. [ùr gkem kb tfm Ymcnm N`rps

Xfmsm qumstk`bs fmgp us o`bkt r cbh nòpcrm U`gubtmmr gkvkbj n`bhktk`bs. [ùr cnnmss t` kbe`roctk`b

cbh nòoubknctk`bs wkgg fmgp us t` db`w tfm `ptk`bs cvckgclgm t` rmcnf U`gubtmmrs.

3. Ygmcsm nf``sm tfm lmst hmsnrkptk`b è yùr csskjbmh sktm. Ke yù gkvm kb tfm ncpktcg, ocrd `bgy tfct nf`knm.

@ @utmr ksgcbh (rmjcrhgmss è skzm)@ Ukggcjm/rurcg crmc (p`p. ubhmr


92/108

5

;. H` yù fcvm tfm e`gg`wkbj

ct yùr rmskhmbnm0 ct yùr w`rd sktm0Bmvmr ^òmtkoms ]sucggy Cgwcys Bmvmr ^òmtkoms ]sucggy Cgwcys

c. Mgmntrknkty @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

l. \ubbkbj wctmr @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

n. Gcbhgkbm tmgmpf`bm @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

h. ^f`rt-wcvm rchk`@

@ @ @ @ @ @ @m. Nmgg pf`bm @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

e. ^ctmggktm pf`bm @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

j. Nòputmr @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

f. Kbtmrbmt cnnmss @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

39. Ygmcsm hmsnrklm f`w ètmb yù typkncggy usm tfm e`gg`wkbj

e`r w`rd usm0 e`r pmrs`bcg usm0

Bmvmr

@bnm cwmmd `r

gmss

O`rm tfcb`bnm cwmmd Hckgy Bmvmr

@bnm cwmmd `r

gmss

O`rm tfcb`bnm cwmmd Hckgy

c. Gcbhgkbm tmgmpf`bm @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @l. ^f`rt-wcvm rchk` @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @n. Nmgg pf`bm @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @h. ^ctmggktm pf`bm @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @m. Nòputmr @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @e. Kbtmrbmt @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @j. Mockg @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

f. Xmxt omsscjkbj @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

k. @tfmr tmgmnòoubknctk`b1PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

@ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

33. Erò tfm gkst lmg`w, nf``sm tfm XF\MM o`st meemntkvm wcys tfct yù usm t` nòoubknctm wktfYmcnm N`rps stcee. Ygmcsm ocrd `bgytfrmm nf`knms. Ocrd tfm @BM o`st meemntkvm nòoubknctk`b omtf`hcs 3, tfm smn`bh o`st meemntkvm cs .

3 < >

@ @ @ Nclgm/Xmgmjrco@ @ @ NL rchk`@ @ @ Nmgg pf`bm (v`knm)@ @ @ Mockg/Kbtmrbmt@ @ @ Ecx@ @ @ Kb-pmrs`b vkskts

@ @ @ Gmttmrs@ @ @ ^ctmggktm pf`bm@ @ @ Xmgmpf`bm ct rmskhmbnm `r w`rd@ @ @ Xmgmpf`bm b`t ct rmskhmbnm `r w`rd@ @ @ Xmxt omsscjkbj@ @ @ @tfmr1 PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

3


93/108

:

3>. Ygmcsm ocrd tfm typkncg wcys kb wfknf yù n`pm wktf strmss.Ocrd cgg tfct cppgy ubgmss yù ocrd B` strmss.

K tcgd wktf1 (k.m., kb-pmrs`b, ly pf`bm r mockg) K h` tfm e`gg`wkbj1@ Ymcnm N`rps stcee @ Ycrtknkpctm kb sp`rts/mxmrnksm@ YNUs kb oy nòoubkty @ Jmt kbv`gvmh kb `tfmr pràmnts@ YNUs ùtskhm oy nòoubkty @ Omhktctm@N`-w`rdmrs `r erkmbhs wf` crm b`t YNUs @ Yrcy@Oy f`st ecokgy @ Yursum pmrs`bcg f`llkms/kbtmrmsts@Erkmbhs cbh ecokgy kb ].^. @ Gmcvm nòoubkty e`r c tkom@ @tfmrs K tcgd wktf1PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP @ @tfmr cntkvkty1PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP@B` strmss

H. U`gubtmmr Csskjbombt J`cgs cbh Kopcnt

[ùr cbswmrs wkgg pr`vkhm kop`rtcbt h`nuombtctk`b è tfm kopcnt è yùr U`gubtmmr smrvknm.

3. [ùr U`gubtmmr csskjbombt w`rd ks pcrt è cb vmrcgg pràmnt pgcb. F`w ngmcr t` yù crm tfme`gg`wkbj cspmnts e yùr U`gubtmmr csskjbombt0

B`t ct cgg

ngmcr

Mxnmptk`bcggy

ngmcr

3 < > 8 = BC

c. Yràmnt pgcbs j`cgs cbh `lamntkvms @ @ @ @ @ @

l. Yràmnt cntkvktkms @ @ @ @ @ @

n. Oy r`gm cbh rmsp`bsklkgktkms @ @ @ @ @ @

h. ^p`bs`rkbj cjmbnys rmsp`bsklkgktkms @ @ @ @ @ @

m. Oy CYNH/Yr`jrco Ocbcjmrsrmsp`bsklkgktkms

@ @ @ @ @ @

e. O`bkt`rkbj, rmp`rtkbj cbh mvcguctkbjtcsds

@ @ @ @ @ @

8 = BC

c. Ommts tfm `lamntkvms è oy pràmnt @ @ @ @ @ @

l. Lukghs g`ncg ncpcnkty e`r sustckbclkgkty @ @ @ @ @ @

n. Kbv`gvms g`ncg pm`pgm kb pgcbbkbj cbhkopgmombtkbj cntkvktkms

@ @ @ @ @ @

h. Nòpgmombts tfmr g`ncg hmvmg`pombt

cntkvktkms @ @ @ @ @ @m. Xrcbsemrs sdkggs t` f`st nùbtry

kbhkvkhucgs cbh rjcbkzctk`bs@ @ @ @ @ @

e. O`lkgkzms f`st nùbtry bctk`bcgs (FNBs)t` v`gubtmmr

@ @ @ @ @ @

j. Fmgps prò`tm c lmttmr ubhmrstcbhkbj èComrkncbs `b tfm pcrt è tfm pm`pgmssmrvmh

@ @ @ @ @ @

f. Fmgps prò`tm c lmttmr ubhmrstcbhkbj e`tfmr pm`pgms `b tfm pcrt è Comrkncbs

@ @ @ @ @ @


94/108

6

>. F`w ounf kopcnt h`ms yùr csskjbombt fcvm `b tfm ncpcnktkms è yùr f`st nùbtry nùbtmrpcrts(m.j., tmcnfmrs, fmcgtf w`rdmrs, nòoubkty gmchmrs)0

B`bm Mxnmptk`bcgOy kopcnt `b f`st nùbtrynùbtmrpcrts 3 < > 8 = BC

c. Clkgkty t` cnnmss kbe`roctk`b(m.j, gklrcry, kbtmrbmt, mtn.)

@ @ @ @ @ @

l. Gmchmrsfkp sdkggs @ @ @ @ @ @n. Ygcbbkbj cbh ocbcjmombt @ @ @ @ @ @

h. Yr`lgmo s`gvkbj @ @ @ @ @ @

m. ^mge-mstmmo @ @ @ @ @ @

e. Xmnfbkncg sdkggs @ @ @ @ @ @

j. ]sm è g`ncg rmsùrnms @ @ @ @ @ @

f. ]sm è mxtmrbcg rmsùrnms(m.j., jrcbts, kbtmrbctk`bcg BJ@s)

@ @ @ @ @ @

k Lmttmr ubhmrstcbhkbj è Comrkncbs @ @ @ @ @ @

a. @tfmrPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP @ @ @ @ @ @

8. F`w ounf kopcnt h`ms yùr csskjbombt fcvm `b tfm ncpcnktkms è f`st nùbtry kbhkvkhucgs (m.j.,stuhmbts, ecromrs, vkggcjmrs) wktf wfò yù w`rd0

B`bm Mxnmptk`bcgOy kopcnt `b f`st nùbtrykbhkvkhucgs 3 < > 8 = BC

c. Clkgkty t` cnnmss kbe`roctk`b (m.j,gklrcry, kbtmrbmt, mtn.)

@ @ @ @ @ @

l. Gmchmrsfkp sdkggs @ @ @ @ @ @

n. Ygcbbkbj cbh ocbcjmombt @ @ @ @ @ @

h. Yr`lgmo s`gvkbj @ @ @ @ @ @

m. ^mge-mstmmo @ @ @ @ @ @

e. Xmnfbkncg sdkggs @ @ @ @ @ @j. ]sm è g`ncg rmsùrnms @ @ @ @ @ @

f. ]sm è mxtmrbcg rmsùrnms (m.j.,jrcbts, kbtmrbctk`bcg BJ@s)

@ @ @ @ @ @

k Lmttmr ubhmrstcbhkbj è Comrkncbs @ @ @ @ @ @

a. @tfmrPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP @ @ @ @ @ @

=. Lcsmh `b yùr n`btcnt wktf f`st nùbtry bctk`bcgs, t` wfct mxtmbt fcvm f`st nùbtry kbhkvkhucgsjckbmh c lmttmr ubhmrstcbhkbj è Comrkncbs0

@ B`t ct cgg @ Okbkocggy @ O`hmrctmgy @ N`bskhmrclgy @ Mxnmptk`bcggy @ X`` mcrgy t` tm

5. Ygmcsm pr`vkhm mxcopgms è f`w yù fcvm fmgpmh pm`pgm erò yùr f`st nùbtry jckb c lmttmrubhmrstcbhkbj e Comrkncbs. Ke bmmhmh, n`btkbum H5 nòombts `b cb`tfmr sfmmt `r gcst pcjm è survmy.


95/108

;

:. X` wfct mxtmbt h`ms yùr csskjbombt mbfcbnm tfm ncpcnktkms è `rjcbkzctk`bs (m.j., BJ@, snf``g,nòoubkty jrùp) wktf wfò yù w`rd0

B`bm Mxnmptk`bcgOy kopcnt `b g`ncg `rjcbkzctk`bs

3 < > 8 = BC

c. Khmbtkeykbj cbh prk`rktkzkbj`rjcbkzctk`bcg bmmhs

@ @ @ @ @ @

l. Gmchmrsfkp @ @ @ @ @ @

n. Ocbcjmombt @ @ @ @ @ @h. O`bkt`rkbj cbh mvcguctk`b @ @ @ @ @ @

m. Ygcbbkbj cbh kopgmombtkbj`rjcbkzctk`bcg cntkvktkms

@ @ @ @ @ @

e. Xmcow`rd/pcrtknkpct`ry hmnksk`b-ocdkbj @ @ @ @ @ @

j. ]sm è g`ncg rmsùrnms @ @ @ @ @ @

f. Lmttmr ubhmrstcbhkbj è Comrkncbs @ @ @ @ @ @

k. @tfmrPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP @ @ @ @ @ @

6. Ymcnm N`rps tfkrh j`cg ks t` fmgp prò`tm c lmttmr ubhmrstcbhkbj è `tfmr pm`pgms `b tfm pcrt èComrkncbs. Kb wfknf è tfm e`gg`wkbj tfkrh j`cg cntkvktkms (kbnguhkbj n`btcnt wktf ecokgy cbherkmbhs) fcvm yù pcrtknkpctmh hurkbj yùr Ymcnm N`rps smrvknm0 Ocrd cgg tfct cppgy.

@ N`vmrhmgg Z`rgh Zksm ^nf``g/N`rrmsp`bhmbnm Octnf (NZZ^/NO)@ Mgmntr`bkn uphctms, st`rkms cbh/`r pf`t`s t` mhunctm Comrkncbs clùt yùr f`st nùbtry@ Fcrh n`py/pcpmr uphctms, st`rkms, `r pf`t`s t` mhunctm Comrkncbs clùt yùr f`st nùbtry@ F`stkbj Comrkncb vkskt`rs (erkmbhs, ecokgy `r `tfmrs)@ Ymcnm N`rps Zmmd cntkvktkms@ Ymb pcg pr`jrco/gmttmr mxnfcbjm (`tfmr tfcb Z`rgh Zksm ^nf``gs)@ Ymrs`bcg wmlsktm `r lg`j t` mhunctm Comrkncbs clùt yùr f`st nùbtry@ Y`hncsts@ Zfkgm `b fòm gmcvm, sp`dm ct c snf``g `r nòoubkty jrùp@ @tfmr1PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

@ B` kbv`gvmombt kb tfkrh j`cg cntkvktkmsYgmcsm sdkp t` Sumstk`b 39.

;. Zùgh yù rmnòombh pcrtknkpctk`b kb tfm N`vmrhmgg Z`rgh Zksm nf``gs/N`rrmsp`bhmbnmOctnf (NZZ^/NO) t` `tfmr U`gubtmmrs0

@ K fcvm b`t pcrtknkpctmh kb NZZ^/NO@ K fcvm pcrtknkpctmh kb NZZ^/NO cbh wùgh rmnòombh kt t` `tfmrs@ K fcvm pcrtknkpctmh kb NZZ^/NO cbh wùgh B@X rmnòombh kt t` `tfmrsYgmcsm mxpgckb yùr cbswmr cl`vm1PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

39. Ygmcsm mvcguctm tfm e`gg`wkbj rmsùrnms tfct yù usm t` supp`rt yùr U`gubtmmr cntkvktkms.

\M^@]\NM B@X ]^MHLC^MH @B O[ ]^M @EXFK^ \M^@]\NM, kt ks1

Ocrd `bgy @BM nf`knm kb mcnf r`w.\msùrnm

]bcvckgclg]bcwcrm e\msùrnm

Cwcrm lutB`t ]smh

B`tMeemntkvm Meemntkvm

UmryMeemntkvm

c. FKU/CKH^ eubhsYMYEC\/UC^X @ @ @ @ @ @

l. YN Ycrtbmrsfkp Yr`jrco (YNYY) @ @ @ @ @ @

n. \msùrnm Nmbtmr octmrkcgs @ @ @ @ @ @

h. ôcgg Yràmnt Csskstcbnm (^YC) @ @ @ @ @ @

m. @tfmr1PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP @ @ @ @ @ @


96/108

39

M. Ymcnm N`rps ûpp`rt

[ùr cbswmrs wkgg khmbtkey crmcs wfmrm supp`rt ocy bmmh t` lm kopr`vmh, cs wmgg cs crmcs wfknf crmommtkbj yùr bmmhs.

3. F`w s``b cetmr yù crrkvmh kb yùr nòoubkty wcs chmquctm fùskbj cvckgclgm0

@ B`t ymt cvckgclgm@ Koomhkctmgy@ Zktfkb > o`btfs@ Zktfkb 5 o`btfs@ Zktfkb 3 ymcr@ O`rm tfcb c ymcr

. F`w wmgg prmpcrmh wcs yùr sktm up`b yùr crrkvcg0

@ B`t ct cgg @ Y``rgy @ Chmquctmgy @ Zmgg @ Umry wmgg

8. F`w ocby fùrs `b cvmrcjm h`ms kt tcdm yù, ly yùr usucg omcbs è trcvmg, t` rmcnf--

Xypkncg trcvmg tkom t`1Gmss tfcb< fùrs

< t` 5fùrs

: t` 39fùrs

33 t` 36fùrs

3; t`


97/108

33

:. ^kbnm swmcrkbj kb, f`w sctksekmh crm yù wktf tfm e`gg wkbj supp`rt pr vkhmh ly kb-nùbtryYmcnm N`rps stcee0 Ygmcsm ocrd `bm rmsp`bsm e`r mcnf ktmo.

B`t ct cgg NòpgmtmgyK co sctksekmh wktf kb-nùbtryYN stcee supp`rt e`r1 3 < > 8 = BC

c. Chokbkstrctkvm/g`jkstkncg @ @ @ @ @ @

l. Nr`ss-nugturcg @ @ @ @ @ @

n. Mo`tk`bcg @ @ @ @ @ @h. Emmhlcnd `b oy w`rd rmp`rts @ @ @ @ @ @

m. A`l csskjbombt @ @ @ @ @ @

e. Gcbjucjm gmcrbkbj @ @ @ @ @ @

j. Ocbcjmombt @ @ @ @ @ @

f. Omhkncg @ @ @ @ @ @

k. ^cemty cbh smnurkty @ @ @ @ @ @

a. ^ktm smgmntk`b @ @ @ @ @ @

d. Xmnfbkncg sdkggs @ @ @ @ @ @

6. F`w ounf supp`rt h` yù rmnmkvm er o yùr f`st nùbtry supmrvks`rs, sp`bs`rs, r nùbtmrpcrts

kb tfm e`gg`wkbj crmcs0 Ygmcsm ocrd `bm rmsp`bsm e`r mcnf ktmo.

B`bm Mxnmptk`bcgOy f`st nùbtry supmrvks`r/sp`bs`r/nùbtmrpcrt supp`rt e`r1 3 < > 8 = BC

c. Chokbkstrctkvm/g`jkstkncg @ @ @ @ @ @

l. Nr`ss-nugturcg @ @ @ @ @ @

n. Mo`tk`bcg @ @ @ @ @ @

h. Emmhlcnd `b oy pràmntcntkvktkms

@ @ @ @ @ @

m. A`l hmvmg`pombt @ @ @ @ @ @

e. Gcbjucjm @ @ @ @ @ @

j. ^cemty cbh smnurkty @ @ @ @ @ @f. Xmnfbkncg sdkggs @ @ @ @ @ @

;. F`w ounf Ymcnm N rps supp`rt h` yù rmnmkvm t` fmgp yù n`pm wktf tfm strmss è FKU/CKH^ kbyùr nòoubkty0

@ B` supp`rt@ Okbkocg supp`rt@ Chmquctm supp`rt@ N`bskhmrclgm supp`rt@ Mxnmptk`bcg supp`rt

@ BC/ K fcvm b` FKU/CKH^ strmss


98/108

3

E. [ùr ^cemty cbh ^mnurkty

[ùr cbswmrs wkgg fmgp us kopr`vm tfm pmrs`bcg scemty è U`gubtmmrs wfkgm kb tfm Ymcnm N`rps.Ygmcsmrmomolmr tfct tfm survmy ks cb`byoùs cbh wkgg lm smcgmh ly yù t` dmmp yùr cbswmrs n`bekhmbtkcg.[ùr cbswmrs wkgg fmgp tfm Ymcnm N`rps kopr`vm scemty cbh smnurkty trckbkbj, supp`rt, cbh smrvknms.

3. F`w scem h` yù emmg

B`t ct cgg^cem

@etmb]bscem

Chmquctmgy^cem

]sucggy^cem

Umry^cem

c. Zfmrm yù gkvm @ @ @ @ @

l. Zfmrm yù w`rd @ @ @ @ @

n. Zfmb yù trcvmg kb-nùbtry @ @ @ @ @

h. Nkty wfmrm ockb Ymcnm N`rps èeknm ks g`nctmh @ @ @ @ @

8 =@ @ @ @ @

>. Zfct crm yùr tfrmm o`st meemntkvm sùrnms e kbe`roctk`b clùt kb-nùbtry mvmbts tfct okjftceemnt yùr scemty0

3.PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

.PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

8. Zfmb trcvmgkbj kb yùr f`st nùbtry, f`w ètmb fcs yùr scemty lmmb tfrmctmbmh ly cby è tfme`gg`wkbj0 Ygmcsm ocrd `bm rmsp`bsm e`r mcnf ktmo.

Oy scemty fcs lmmb tfrmctmbmh ly1Bmvmr

3 < > 8Cgwcys

= BC

c. Xrcbsp`rtctk`b n`bhktk`bs (m.j., vmfkngms,hrkvmrs, r`chs, mtn.)

@ @ @ @ @ @

l. Y`gknm st`ps @ @ @ @ @ @

n. G`hjkbj n`bhktk`bs wfmb trcvmgkbj @ @ @ @ @ @

h. Fcrcssombt ly strcbjmrs wfmb trcvmgkbj @ @ @ @ @ @

=. Zfct typms è trcbsp`rtctk b n`bhktk`bs p`sm tfm jrmctmst tfrmct t` yùr scemty0

3.PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

.PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP


100/108

38

5. Kb tfm pcst 3< o`btfs kb yùr f`st nùbtry, f`w ètmb fcvm yù pmrs`bcggy mxpmrkmbnmh cbhrmp`rtmh cby è tfm e`gg`wkbj kb yùr nòoubkty cbh ùtskhm yùr nòoubkty0Ygmcsm mbtmr 9 kb tfm spcnm(s), ke yù fcvm b`t mxpmrkmbnmh/rmp`rtmh tfm nrkom.

KB [@]\ N@OO]BKX[

`vmr tfm pcst 3< o`btfs

@]X-@E-N@OO]BKX[

`vmr tfm pcst 3< o`btfs

Buolmr è

tkoms yùmxpmrkmbnmh

Buolmr è

tkoms yù

rmp`rtmh t` YN

Buolmr è

tkoms yù

mxpmrkmbnmh

Buolmr è

tkoms yù

rmp`rtmh t` YNc. Lurjgcry (kggmjcg mbtry kbt` yùr pmrocbmbt `rtmop`rcry fùskbj, wfmtfmr `r b`t cbytfkbj ks

tcdmb)

PPPPP PPPPP PPPPP PPPPP

l. Xfmet(b` n`ber`btctk`b wktf tfkme4 e`r mxcopgm,

pkndp`ndmt jmts y ur wcggmt)PPPPP PPPPP PPPPP PPPPP

n \`llmry(tfkme usmh `r tfrmctmbmh e`rnm `rwmcp`b t` tcdm o`bmy/ktmos4 e`r mxcopgm,

tfkme tfrmctmbmh yù wktf dbkem cbh t``d yùr

wcggmt/pursm)


h. Yfyskncg csscugt (wktfùt c wmcp`b cbh b`

smrkùs kbaury)PPPPP PPPPP PPPPP PPPPP

m. Cjjrcvctmh csscugt(csscugt wktf c wmcp`b `r

smrkùs kbaury)


e. ^mxucg csscugt`tfmr tfcb rcpmPPPPP PPPPP PPPPP PPPPP

j. \cpmPPPPP PPPPP PPPPP PPPPP

:. Ke yù mxpmrkmbnmh cbh rmp`rtmh cby è tfm e`gg`wkbj kb tfm pcst 3< o`btfs kb yùr f`st nùbtry,pgmcsm ocrd t` wfò yù rmp`rtmh tfm nrkom(s).Ygmcsm ocrd cgg tfct cppgy. Ke yù hkh b`t rmp`rt CB[ nrkom, sdkp t` Sumstk`b 6.Ke yù hkh b`t mxpmrkmbnm CB[ nrkom, sdkp t` Sumstk`b 39.

K HKH rmp`rt tfm nrkom(s)

t` oy1YNO@

NùbtryHkrmnt`r

^cemty cbh

^mnurktyN``rhkbct`r

YN Huty@eeknmr

@tfmr YN ^tcee

(CYNH, YX@,mtn.)

U`gubtmmr

ûpp`rtBmtw`rd

NòoubktyOmolmr

c. Lurjgcry (kggmjcg mbtry kbt` yùr

fùskbj, wfmtfmr `r b`t cbytfkbj

ks tcdmb)

@ @ @ @ @ @ @

l.Xfmet(b` n`ber`btctk`b wktf tfkme4

e`r mxcopgm, pkndp`ndmt jmts

yùr wcggmt)

@ @ @ @ @ @ @

n. \`llmry(tfkme usmh `r tfrmctmbmh

e`rnm `r wmcp`b t` tcdmo`bmy/ktmos)

@ @ @ @ @ @ @

h.Yfyskncg csscugt (b` wmcp`b cbh

b` smrkùs kbaury)@ @ @ @ @ @ @

m. Cjjrcvctmh csscugt(csscugt wktfc wmcp`b `r smrkùs kbaury)

@ @ @ @ @ @ @

e. ^mxucg csscugt`tfmr tfcb rcpm @ @ @ @ @ @ @

j.\cpm @ @ @ @ @ @ @


101/108

3=

6. Ke yù hkh b`t rmp`rt yùr mxpmrkmbnm wktf nrkom, pgmcsm ocrd yùr rmcs`b(s) e`r b`t rmp`rtkbj tfmnrkom(s). Ygmcsm ocrd cgg tfct cppgy.

K HKH B@Xrmp`rt lmncusm1 K hkh b`t

tfkbd tfmYmcnm N`rps

nùgh fmgp.

K lmgkmvmh kt

nùgh rmsugtkb nfcbjkbj

sktms.

K emgt kt wcs

t`` okb`r

`r nòo`b t` rmp`rt.

Oy n`bnmrbs

è c p`ssklgm

lrmcnf kb

n`bekhmbtkcgkty

\mp`rtkbj

okjft rmsugt

kb hksnkpgkbcry

cntk`b cjckbst

om.

Kt okjft

furt oy

rmgctk`bsfkp

wktf tfm

nòoubkty.

c. Lurjgcry (kggmjcg mbtry kbt` yùr

fùskbj, wfmtfmr `r b`t cbytfkbjks tcdmb)

@ @ @ @ @ @

l. Xfmet(b` n`ber`btctk`b wktf tfkme4

e`r mxcopgm, pkndp`ndmt jmts yùr

wcggmt)

@ @ @ @ @ @

n. \`llmry(tfkme usmh `r tfrmctmbmh

e`rnm `r wmcp`b t` tcdm

o`bmy/ktmos)

@ @ @ @ @ @

h. Yfyskncg csscugt (b` wmcp`b cbh

b` smrkùs kbaury)@ @ @ @ @ @

m. Cjjrcvctmh csscugt(csscugt wktf c

wmcp`b `r smrkùs kbaury)@ @ @ @ @ @

e. ^mxucg csscugt`tfmr tfcb rcpm @ @ @ @ @ @

j. \cpm @ @ @ @ @ @

;. Ke yù mxpmrkmbnmh cby è tfm e`gg`wkbj hurkbj tfm gcst 3< o`btfs kb yùr f`st nùbtry, pgmcsmkbhknctm wf` yù lmgkmvm wcs rmsp`bsklgm. Ocrd cgg tfct cppgy `r BC ke yù hkh b`t mxpmrkmbnm.

Ymrs`b/s rmsp`bsklgm e`r

tfm nrkom1BC/

B`nrkom ^trcbjmr

Erkmbh/ `nkcg

Cnquckbtcbnm

(b`t n`-w`rdmr

cbh b`t YN)

Nùbtmrpcrt,

N`-w`rdmr r

Ocbcjmombt

(b`t YN)

@tfmr

YNU

YN

^tcee

(].^./

FNB)

F`st

Nùbtry

Ecokgy

Omolmr

H` b`t

db`w

c. Lurjgcry @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

l. Xfmet @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

n. \`llmry @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

h. Yfyskncg csscugt @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @m. Cjjrcvctmh csscugt @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

e. ^mxucg csscugt `tfmr tfcb rcpm @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

j. \cpm @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

39. Ke yù mxpmrkmbnmh hksnrkokbctk`b/fcrcssombt hurkbj tfm gcst 3< o`btfs kb yùr f`st nùbtry,pgmcsm ocrd wf` wcs rmsp`bsklgm e`r tfct typm è hksnrkokbctk`b/fcrcssombt. Ocrd cgg tfct cppgycbh BC ke yù hkh b`t mxpmrkmbnm.

Ymrs`b/s rmsp`bsklgm e`r

tfm hksnrkokbctk`b/

fcrcssombt1BC ^trcbjmr

Erkmbh/ `nkcg

Cnquckbtcbnm

(b`t n`-w`rdmrcbh b`t YN)

Nùbtmrpcrt,

N`-w`rdmr r

Ocbcjmombt(b`t YN)

@tfmr

YNU

YN

^tcee

(].^./FNB)

F`st

Nùbtry

EcokgyOmolmr @tfmr

c.Cjm @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

l.Cbtk-Comrkncb @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

n.Hksclkgkty @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

h.Jmbhmr hksnrkokbctk`b @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

m.\cnkcg/n`g`r/mtfbknkty @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

e.\mgkjkùs @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

j.^mxucg (vmrlcg) @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

f. ^mxucg (pfyskncg) @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @

k.^mxucg `rkmbtctk`b @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @


102/108

35

J. U`gubtmmrs w`rdkbj kb FKU/CKH^

Ymcnm N`rps wkgg usm tfks kbe`roctk`b t` lmttmr supp`rt tfm w`rd è U`gubtmmrs kb FKU/CKH^.

3. Zfknf e tfm e`gg`wkbj lmst hmsnrklms yùr kbv`gvmombt kb FKU/CKH^ cntkvktkms0

@ FKU/CKH^ w`rd ks oy prkocry csskjbombt.@ FKU/CKH^ w`rd ks pcrt è oy smn`bhcry cntkvktkms.@ K fcvm lmmb kbv`gvmh kb FKU/CKH^ mee`rts lut b`t cs pcrt è oy prkocry csskjbombt `r

smn`bhcry cntkvktkms.@ K fcvm b`t lmmb kbv`gvmh kb cby FKU/CKH^ rmgctmh cntkvktkmsYgmcsm sdkp t` ^mntk`b F.

. Zfct rmsùrnms fcvm yù e ubh usmeug kb yùr w`rd b FKU/CKH^0Ygmcsm ocrd cgg tfct cppgy.

@ Ymcnm N`rps Gkem ^dkggs Ocbucg @ G`ncg Okbkstry r BJ@ octmrkcgs@ Ymcnm N`rps FKU/CKH^ Khmc L``d @ @tfmr kbtmrbctk`bcg rjcbkzctk`b octmrkcgs@ FKU/CKH^ Eubhkbj (m.j. YMYEC\, UC^X) @ ]BCKH^ octmrkcgs@ @tfmrPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

8. X` wfò h` yù j` wfmb yù bmmh o`rm kbe`roctk`b `r chvknm kb `rhmr t` h` c lmttmr a l `bFKU/CKH^ kb yùr nòoubkty0 Ygmcsm ocrd cgg tfct cppgy.

@ CYNH @ G`ncg nùbtmrpcrt

@ NH @ G`ncg mxpmrt erò cb`tfmr `rjcbkzctk`b@ Emgg`w YNU @ YNO@@ @tfmrPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP@ B` rmsùrnm pmrs`b cvckgclgm

=. Zfct wùgh lm fmgpeug t` yù b`w kb yùr FKU/CKH^ w`rd0 Ygmcsm ocrd cgg tfct cppgy.

@ \memrmbnms wktf FKU/CKH^ kbe`roctk`b@ Xrckbkbj t``gs t` usm kb tfm nòoubkty@ Z`rdsf`ps `b trckbkbj sdkggs@ Z`rdsf`ps `b spmnkekn sdkggs sunf cs chvkskbj nòoubkty omolmrs `b hkeeknugt kssums

@ Z`rdsf`ps `b tmnfbkncg kssums sunf cs trmctombt, fòm ncrm, cbh `rpfcb ncrm@ Ukskts erò pmrs`bs wktf tmnfbkncg db`wgmhjm@ @tfmrPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

5. F`w kop`rtcbt ks kt tfct Ymcnm N`rps pr`vkhm yù wktf mo`tk`bcg supp`rt/sòm`bm t`tcgd t` clùt n`pkbj wktf FKU/CKH^ kb yùr nòoubkty0

B`t ct cgg Okbkocggy O`hmrctmgy N`bskhmrclgy Mxnmptk`bcggy@ @ @ @ @


103/108

3:

:. Kb w`rdkbj wktf f`st nùbtry kbhkvkhucgs `r jrùps, f`w wùgh yù rctm tfm meemntkvmbmss èyùr spmnkekn FKU/CKH^ cntkvktkms0

^mghòmeemntkvm

^òmtkomsmeemntkvm

@etmb meemntkvmCgo`st cgwcys

meemntkvmH`bt db`w

@ @ @ @ @

6. Ygmcsm mxpgckb yùr cbswmr t` Sumstk`b : cbh pr`vkhm mxcopgms `r cby `tfmr nòombtsclùt yùr w`rd kb FKU/CKH^1PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

F. [ùr `vmrcgg cssmssombt è yùr Ymcnm N`rps mxpmrkmbnm

3. F`w pmrs`bcggy rmwcrhkbj h` yù ekbh yùr `vmrcgg Ymcnm N`rps smrvknm0


. Zùgh yù rmnòombh Ymcnm N`rps smrvknm t` `tfmrs yù tfkbd crm qucgkekmh0

B` B`t gkdmgy Y`ssklgy Yr`lclgy Hmekbktmgy@ @ @ @ @

8. H` yù kbtmbh t` nòpgmtm yùr Ymcnm N`rps smrvknm0

@ B` @ B`t surm @ [ms @ Okjft mxtmbh

=. F`w wmgg h` yùr Ymcnm N`rps mxpmrkmbnms octnf tfm mxpmntctk`bs yù fch lme`rm yù lmncom cU`gubtmmr0


5. Zùgh yùr f`st nùbtry lmbmekt tfm o`st ke tfm Ymcnm N`rps pr`jrco wmrm0Ygmcsm ocrd tfm `bm nf`knm tfct lmst hmsnrklms yùr vkmw.

Hksn`btkbumh \mhunmh \me`nusmh/rmhmskjbmh Ockbtckbmh cs ks Mxpcbhmh@ @ @ @ @


104/108


105/108

3;

A. [ùr \mnòombhctk`bs

Ygmcsm usm c HC\D KBD LCGGY@KBX pmb e`r tfks smntk`b. Ygmcsm h` b`t usm c emgt-tkp pmb.

Oy f`st nùbtry1 PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

[ùr survmy emmhlcnd ks mssmbtkcg kb kopr`vkbj p`st ocbcjmombt. F`wmvmr, ke yù prmemr

tfct yùr nòombts `b tfks pcjm b`t lm sfcrmh wktf tfm p`st, pgmcsm ocrd lmg`w.

@B`, K h` b`t wcbt oy nòombts lmg`w sfcrmh wktf tfm p`st.

3. F`w ncb tfm Ymcnm N`rps lmttmr chhrmss tfm bmmhs è yùr f`st nùbtry0

. Ke yù fcvm chhktk`bcg nòombts `r n`bnmrbs yù wùgh gkdm t` sfcrm, pgmcsm h` s` `b tfm gkbmspr`vkhmh lmg`w.

Xfcbd yù e`r nòpgmtkbj tfks survmy!Ygmcsm smcg kt kb tfm mbvmg`pm pr`vkhmh cbh rmturb kt koomhkctmgy t` yùr Ymcnm N`rps èeknm ct p`st.[ùr survmy oust lm rmnmkvmh ly tfm @eeknm è ^trctmjkn Kbe`roctk`b, \msmcrnf cbh Ygcbbkbj kbZcsfkbjt`b H.N. b` gctmr tfcb tw` wmmds cetmr tfm survmy mbhs `b Augy >3ste`r yùr emmhlcnd t` lmkbnguhmh kb tfm jg`lcg rmsugts.


106/108


107/108


108/108

peace corps 2008 volunteer survey global report

Documents