Terrorism, Freedom, and Security: Winning without War by Philip B. HeymannReview by: Lawrence D. FreedmanForeign Affairs, Vol. 83, No. 2 (Mar. - Apr., 2004), p. 162Published by: Council on Foreign RelationsStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20033925 .

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Recent Books Terrorism, Freedom, and Security: Winning

Without War. BY PHILIP B. HEYMANN. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2003, 16o pp. $24.95.

In the debate over how far governments should go to combat terrorism, Heymann is squarely with those who warn that in stituting severe measures that undermine democracy plays into the terrorists' hands. He makes the case against declaring "war on terrorism" because such a designation does not distinguish between different types and overemphasizes military re sponses. Moreover, suspending civil liberties, ignoring international institu tions, and looking for quick military fixes all strike Heymann as contrary to good values and good sense. He argues instead for a focus on intelligence collection, law enforcement, and international co operation. This book is a judicious and systematic guide to the various policy options at each stage of counterterrorism, from prevention (a priority, in Heymann's view) to consequence management; how ever, its prescriptions (particularly those on the international front) are too brief given the complexity of the situation they are meant to address.

The Geography ofEthnic Violence. Identity, Interests, and the Indivisibility of Territory.

BY MONICA DUFFY TOFT. Princeton:

Princeton University Press, 2003, 256 pp. $37.50.

Toft's book is well written and closely argued and contains four thoroughly researched case studies from the former Soviet Union. Its central proposition is that the likelihood of ethnic violence rests on how a conflict's principal antagonists think about or value a disputed territory. If a state considers territory indivisible,

then it cannot satisfy the demands of an ethnic minority for sovereignty. This observation (which Toft claims is origi nal and calls her "theory of indivisible territory") seems rather obvious and not necessarily inconsistent with alternative theories that focus on relative deprivation, ancient hatreds, security dilemmas, or elite manipulation. She also suggests that dispersed and urbanized groups are less prone to violence. That this is true with the dispersed is hardly surprising, but it is not only the Northern Ireland case that confounds the proposition in the case of the urbanized (try Beirut).

The United States WALTER RUSSELL MEAD

The Choice: GlobalDomination or Global Leadership. BY ZBIGNIEW BRZEZINSKI. NewYork: Basic Books, 2004, 256 pp. $2S.00.

Brzezinski, national security adviser to PresidentJimmy Carter, has written one of the most important books on U.S. foreign policy since September ii. Among the handful of practitioners who write seriously and often about U.S. foreign policy, only

Henry Kissinger (another import) can compare with Brzezinski in terms of historical knowledge and imagination.

When it comes to what might be called the "philosophy" of foreign policy-the relationship of U.S. power and policy to broader historical and cultural trends-no statesman of Brzezinski's generation is in his league. And no Democrat of any age can match Brzezinski's grasp of the na tional interest and its sometimes difficult relationship to the values of liberal society.

[162] FOREIGN AFFAIRS Volume83No.2

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