vehicle hgv a

7/27/2019 Vehicle Hgv A

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ESPOON

PALOLAITOS


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New Car and HGV Construction

Researched and prepared by:

Robert B. Walmsley RN EMT (P)

Consultant Rescue


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If your cow sounds like this

may we suggest the fish.

If your cow sound like this

then fire up the barbecue.

Public Service Announcement

How to identify if your cow has mad cows disease..


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Program

What is driving vehicle designers

Regulations and standards

Airbags and seat belts

Effects on the human body and safety solutions

New body and chassis materials

How development in tool design, assistsus to cope with these


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Safety in passenger cars

America NHTSA

MVSS 208

MVSS 214


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USA crash test

Velocity 56km/hr

Dummies

unrestrained

Object has nocrumple zone

FMVSS No. 208

object


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Impact at 56 km/hr - 35 mph

Frontal impact

Designing For Safety


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Safety in passenger carsEuropean union (EU) directive 96/79 EC

Regulations have been introduced in 1996for full implementation by 1997

European union (EU) directive 96/79 EC Euro airbags

Seatbelt tensioners with G force limiters

Crush / distortion passenger cell at 64 km/h


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EuroNCAP crash test

Velocity 64 km/hr

Dummies

restrained inseatbelts

Object has crumple

zone Fixed Deformable Barrier

40% Overlap


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Frontal 3/4 offset crash test


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Safety HGV

Regulations have been introduced in1998 for full implementation by 2000

EN norm ECE R29

Crush resistant cabs

Impact / distortion 15,000 kg

Crush / distortion 25,000 kg/25 km/h

video


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What is the community trying toachieve with the new norms?Reduce death on the roads- Head injury deaths have been reduced by 67%

in Europe, in cars with airbags. (James Lenard Et Al1998)

- Death in road accidents cost $970,000= perperson, most die in 17 to 45 age group(L.M.Watson Et Al 1996)

Reduce serious injury on the roads

- Reduction in injury patterns to the thorax andabdomen with the introduction of G forcelimiters on seat belts. (S.W. Rouhana Et Al 1998)

- An intensive care bed costs $ 28,107 per week(Mrs van Gils, University Hospital Rotterdam 1998)


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Program








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MECHANISM OF INJURY IN AN ENTRAPMENT

pre 1996

Cause of death

Head, neck and chest injuries.

Reason:

Contact with interior, fixtures and fittings.

No seat belt worn

Less effective crumple zones

No airbags or agressive airbagsNo side protection (SIPS)

Deceleration injuries or blunt trauma at > 40 km/h


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post 1996

Cause of deathDeceleration injuries :

shock lung, bruising of the heart, tearing of the

great vessels and tearing of the liver.

Effective crumple zones and passenger cell up to64 km/h but ineffective > 64 km/h

These injury patterns presume that

seat bel ts are being worn !


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Blunt trauma caused by Kinetic Energy (KE)

KE = M/2 x V

The Kinetic Energy involved when a 2 kg heart is

travelling along at 64 km/hr and hits an immovable object

Converted to G force or Mass/ weight :

4069 units of energy = 49 G,s or 396 kg

2


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KE = 68000 units of energy

If the mass increased by 10 kg

95 kg @ 40 km/hr KE = 76000 units of energy

If the velocity increased by 24 km/hr85 kg @ 64 km/hr KE = 174080 units of energy

10.53 %

160,93 %

What is the kinetic energy involved when an 85 kg person

is travelling at 40 km/hr

KE = M/2 x V2


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How can we survive this type of deceleration?

Passive systems

Crumple zones

Energy deflection systems

Non passenger cell penetration design

HSLA steel seat backs


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How can we survive this type of deceleration?

Active systems

Air bag energy absorption systems

Seat belt systems with G load limiters

Side impact systems (SIPS)

Head protection systems (HPS)

Side impact curtains (ITS)

C A S O A A


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00

50

25

100

75

G Forces

1007550 Micro second

25

Full impact energy

Crumple zones

Energy deflection

Airbags

G force Limiter

00

> 6 G


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Designing For Safety

Impact at 64 km/hr - 40 mph

Front 3/4 impact


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Program








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Airbags

Traditional airbags Full Passenger airbags


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Airbags

Secunet


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Airbags

Seat airbagDoor airbags


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Airbags

Roof frame and side airbags video


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Airbags

Roof frame and door airbags


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Airbags


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Airbags

Volvo curtain airbags

Back viewFront view


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3


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4


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5


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Seatbelt pretension systems


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Pyrotechnic


Spring


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G force limiter


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Program








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New body materials

Synthetic body panelsprovide very little

purchaseComposites may be

difficult to cut withtraditional cutters

Dust and particles fromcomposites can behazardous


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New body materials

Poly-carbonate

chassis and windows


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New body materials

Outer GlassThermo Poly Sheet

Polycarbon glass

Inner Glass

Anti shrades liner

Armour Glass BMW 7 series

Thickness: 18.2mm

Outer side


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New body materials


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New body materials


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Laminated or

policarbon windscreen

Maintenance panel

Auto-lock doors and hatchs


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Frame Construction

Micro-alloy and Boron Steel

Side impact protection

Passenger cell integrity

HSLA (High Strength Low Alloy) SteelIncreases rollover strength,

Energy deflection system

Tensile strengths


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Tensile strengths

2

2

2

2

700 N/mm

1380 N/mm

350-550 N/mm

150-250 N/mm

Micro-alloy

HSLA

Mild steel

Boron steel

Holmatro cutter blades 2000 N/mm 2


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Frame Construction

Upgraded & New systems

R.O.P.S.New crumple zone

Wheel & motor deflection SIPS Energy deflection system


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Frame Construction

Side impact bars


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Frame Construction :

Cutting of ultra-hard steels

Ford Mondeo SIPS


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Frame Construction

Side impact absorption cushion


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Frame Construction

Boron steel

HSLA steel

F C t ti


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Frame Construction

Boronsteel

F C t ti


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Frame Construction

Side wall energy deflection system


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Frame Construction

Energy deflection systems


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Frame Construction

HSLA seat re enforcing



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Blunt trauma caused by Kinetic Energy (KE)

KE = M/2 x VThe Kinetic Energy involved when a crate of beer, 12kg, is

travelling along at 64 km/hr and hits an immovable object

Converted to G force or Mass/ weight :

4924 units of energy = 294 G,s or 2396 kg

2


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Steel crush resistant frame

Now is not the time to find out that


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Now is not the time to find out that

your cutter is not strong enough


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Frame constructionHSLA steel

Easy to spot weld

Boron steelinside the A pillar and

across dash pelmet

Foam filling is also usedfor re-enforcing andacoustics

Upgrade your rescue tools


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You need the correct tools

A strong cutter withoptimum bladedesign

1

2

3

45 tons of force

1 Large notch for initial cut

2 Sharp teeth to shatter ultrahard steel

3 Curved blade to hold

material

Upgrade your rescue tools


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SP 3280


A strong spreaderwith well designedtips

SP 3260

SP 3240


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Rams assorted

TR 3340

TR 3350


A set of powerfulrams


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A


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Some Space making techniques

1.

Strategic cuts

TYPE : Front 3/4 removal

TYPE F t 3/4 l


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1.

Strategic cuts

TYPE: Front 3/4 removal

Front 3/4 removal


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ControlledRamming

Front 3/4 removal


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ControlledRamming

Front 3/4 removal


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Holmatro

Number One In

The World For

A Reason!

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