WORLD WAR 1 1914 - 1918

In 1914 WWI broke out in Europe. It was called the “Great War”

CausesNationalismMilitarismAlliancesImperialism

The spark that ignited the War;

Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie on June 28, 1914

Assassin was Serbian and Austria presented them with an ultimatum.

Austria declared war on Serbia.

Russia, an ally of Serbia mobilized its forces.

Leaders in Europe started taking sides.

WORLD WAR 1

Allied PowersGreat Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Greece, USA.

Central PowersGermany, Austria Hungary, Turkey and Bulgaria.

Both sides used trench warfare. ; trenches were long ditches soldiers used to take cover.

The war featured new technology and advanced weapons

1. Poison Gas; 2. Machine Gun3. Tank4. SubmarineThis new technology killed greater numbers of people more effectively

THE WAR FRONT

1. Unrestricted submarine warfare.Germany sank ships

without warningIn 1917 Germany

sank a passenger ship called Lusitania.

It killed 1,198 people including 128 US citizens.

2. Zimmerman Note

In April 1917 United States declared war on Germany.

America entered the war on the side of the Allies

AMERICA JOINS THE FIGHT

Rationing: goods were in short supply so government s turned to rationing.

Propaganda; this was used by governments to persuade people to support the war and to build morale.

American government turned to help from women.

Women replaced men in factories, offices and shops.

THE END OF WORLD WAR I The Allies won the warCentral Powers collapsed and Germany’s military was severely

weakened

Germany signed an armistice with France

War finally came to an end in on November 11, 1918

The treaty of Versailles forced Germany to accept blame for the war and to pay reparations to cover the cost of the destruction

The Allies redrew national borders to promote their own interests

American President Woodrow Wilson proposed a League of Nations: countries could peacefully discuss their differences instead of going to war

EFFECTS OF WORLD WAR 1 A number of new countries emergedCountries contain ethnic groups that rival

one anotherThe war had a devastating economic effect

on EuropeThe treaty to end the war promoted anger

and resentmentAbout 8.5 million soldiers died21 million were woundedMillions of civilians died by way of

starvation, disease, and slaughter

CAUSALITIES OF WW1

SUMMARY1 What were the causes of WWI2.How did America become involved in the war?3. What were the two sides fighting?4. Identify the main countries in each group5. Explain the term alliance and how did this to

contribute to the war. 6. What role did women play in the war7. What treaty ended the war and why did it

create resentment?8. What was the league of nations9. What were the effects of the war10. What were the new technologies introduced

in WWI?