Slide 1

The Great World War I & II

"A picture says more than a thousand words"

The Great World War I & IIWorld War I was a military conflict that lasted from 1914 to 1918 and involved most of the worlds great powers, assembled in two opposing alliances: the Allies (centred aroundthe Triple Entente) and the Central Powers. More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilized in one of the largest wars in history. Morethan 15 million people were killed, making it one of the deadliest conflicts in history. World War II, or the Second World War was a global military conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945 which involved most of the worlds nations, including all of the great powers, organised into two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most widespread war in history, with more than 100 million military personnel mobilised. In a state of Total War, the major participants placed their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities at the service of the war effort, erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources. Marked by significant action against civilians, including theHolocaust and the only use of nuclear weapons in warfare, it was the deadliest conflict inHuman history, with over seventy million casualties.

June 28, 1914Francis Ferdinand of Austria assassinated at Sarajevo, Bosnia. A country called Serbia was blamed by Austria for this murder.

WWI BEGINS(In 1914)

July 5, 1914Kaiser William II promised German support for Austria against Serbia

Kaiser Wilhelm II, German Emperor, inspecting Austro-Hungarian troops

Domino EffectJuly 28 -Aug 4, 1914Austria declared war on Serbia, Russia helped Serbia, Germany declared war on Russia, France and invaded Belgium. Britain helped France.

The Central PowersAustria-Hungarian EmpireGerman EmpireOttoman EmpireThe Allied Nations

Great BritainFranceRussian EmpireVS

August 24,1914The BEF (British Expeditionary Force) started its retreat from the battle of Mons. Germany invaded France.

Lady Elizabeth Butler

August 26, 1914Russian army defeated at Tannenberg and Masurian Lakes.

September 6, 1914Battle of Marne started

October 18, 1914First Battle of Ypres

October 29,1914Turkey entered the war on Germanys side. Trench warfare started to dominate the Western Front.

WWI(In 1915)

January 19,1915The first Zeppelin raid on Britain took place

February 19, 1915Britain bombarded Turkish forts in the Dardanelles

April 25,1915Allied troops landed in Gallipoli

May 7,1915The Lusitania was sunk by a German U-boat

May 23,1915Italy declared war on Germany and Austria

August 5,1915The Germans captured Warsaw from the Russians

September 25,1915 Start of the Battle of Loos

December 19,1915The Allies started the evacuation of Gallipoli

WWI(In 1916)

January 27,1916Conscription introduced in Britain

February 21,1916Start of the Battle of Verdun. the greatest and lengthiest in world history (between Germany and France)

the greatest and lengthiest in world history the greatest and lengthiest in world history the greatest and lengthiest in world history

the greatest and lengthiest in world history the greatest and lengthiest in world history

April 29,1916British forces surrendered to Turkish forces at Kut in Mesopotamia

May 31,1916Battle of Jutland, the most anticipated naval battle in the history

June 4,1916 Start of the Brusilov Offensive by Alexi Brusilov, Russian Commander

July 1,1916Start of the Battle of the Somme the British has suffered 420000 casualties

July 23,1916The 1st Buckinghamshire Battalion at Pozieres

William Barnes Wollen

August 10,1916 End of the Brusilov Offensive. It had come to a halt. By this date, the Russians had lost about 500,000 men and the Austrians 375,000 men.

September 15,1916First use en masse of tanks at the Somme

David Pentland

December 7,1916Lloyd George becomes British Prime Minister

WWI(In 1917)

February 1,1917Germanys unrestricted submarine warfare campaign started

April 6,1917USA declared war on Germany

It is not needful or possible at this time, whilst yet he lives, to say that Wilson is a Washington or another Lincoln, but he is a great American. He is one of the great presidents of American history.

Rabbi Stephen A. Wise in a tribute to Woodrow Wilson.

American Leaders Speak, 1918-1920 No man can sit down and withhold his hands from the warfare against wrong and get peace from his acquiescence.Woodrow Wilson 28th president of US (1856 - 1924)

April 16,1917France launched an unsuccessful offensive on the Western Front

July 31,1917Start of the Third Battle at Ypres

October 24,1917Battle of Caporetto the Italian Army was heavily defeated

November 6-20,1917Britain launched a major offensive on the Western Front and British tanks finally won a victory at Cambrai

Cambrai showed the full potential of the tank on the battlefield.

December 5,1917Armistice between Germany and Russia signed

December 9,1917Britain captured Jerusalem from the Turks

WWI(In 1918)

March 3,1918The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed between Russia and Germany.

March 21,1918Germany broke through on the Somme

March 29,1918Marshall Foch was appointed Allied Commander on the Western Front

Marshal Ferdinand Foch, the chief Allied delegate at the armistice negotiations

April 9,1918Germany started an offensive in Flanders

July 15,1918Second Battle of the Marne started. The start of the collapse of the German army

August 8,1918The advance of the Allies was successful

September 19,1918Turkish forces collapsed at Megiddo

October 4,1918October 29,1918Germany asked the Allies for an armisticeGermanys navy mutinied

October 30, 1918November 3,1918Turkey made peaceAustria made peace

November 9,1918Kaiser William II abdicated

November 11,1918Germany signed an armistice with the Allies the official date of the end of World War One.

WWI ENDS(In 1918)

Blaming Germany's military defeat on the 1918 Revolutions, He considered Jews the culprit of Imperial Germany's downfall and subsequent economic problems as well.

15 Years Later(In 1933)

I speak in the name of the entire German people when I assure the world that we all share the honest wish to eliminate the enmity that brings far more costs than any possible benefits... It would be a wonderful thing for all of humanity if both peoples would renounce force against each other forever. The German people are ready to make such a pledge.Adolf Hitler - 14th October 1933

National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi)

He came back with the Power .

1933Adolf Hitler is elected Chancellor of Germany. He abolishes democracy and becomes a dictator. The partys name is National Socialist German Workers Party. (Nazi)

1935The German military enters the neutral Saar region, Hitler resumes conscription to the German military.

1936The German military enters the demilitarized Rhine region. The German-Italian "Axis" is formed.

These fascist dictators believed that the world would revolve around the Rome-Berlin Axis.Rome-Berlin Axis

1937Japan, which already occupies Manchuria, invades central China

1938Hitler annexes Austria and western Czechoslovakia.

- Hitler annexes Austria and western Czechoslovakia.

March 1939Czechoslovakia surrenders to imminent German invasion

April 1939Hitler cancels the German-British naval agreement and the German-Polish non-aggression pact. Italy invades Albania.

July 1939Polish intelligence passes all its knowledge about the German Enigma machine to British and French intelligence

August 1939Germany and Russia sign non-aggression pact, secretly agreeing to invade Poland and share it. German U-boats and battleships sail to the Atlantic Ocean for war.

Non-aggression pact

However, Hitler knew he would eventually invade Soviet Union.

WWII BEGINS(In 1939)

September 1,1939Germany invades Poland, World War 2 begins.

September 3,1939Britain and France declare war on Germany.

September 8,1939The US remains neutral but president Roosevelt declares "limited national emergency".

September 17,1939September 27,1939October 6,1939Russia invades PolandWarsaw surrendersThe last remaining Polish forces surrender

November 30,1939Russia invades Finland

WWII(In 1940)

March 12,1940Russia-Finland war ends. It convinces Hitler that the Russian military is ineffective.

Joseph Stalin of RussiaAdolf Hitler of Germany

April 8,1940Germany invades Denmark and Norway

May 10,1940Germany invades France, Holland, Belgium, Luxemburg. Winston Churchill becomes Britain's prime minister.

May 27,1940June 4,1940Evacuation of British and French forces to Britain at Dunkirk begins.The evacuation at Dunkirk ends. 338,000 troops were rescued. Churchill declares that Britain will never surrender.

June 10,1940Italy declares war on the collapsing France and on Britain.

June 14,1940June 22,1940German troops march into ParisFrance surrender

June 18,1940June 27,1940Russia invades Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia.Russia annexes the eastern regions of Romania.

July 1,1940July 10,1940July 18,1940Germany invades the British Channel islands.The Battle of Britain air campaign begins.Churchill declares this is Britain's finest hour.

August 8,1940August 15,1940The Luftwaffe begins to bomb British early warning radarsThe Luftwaffe loses 76 aircrafts in one day

August 25,1940British night bombers bomb Berlin

Sept 3,1940Hitler changes the Luftwaffe's objective from destroying the Royal Air Force to bombing London. This allows the R.A.F to recover and win the battle of Britain.

Sept 13,1940Italy invades British-held Egypt from Libya, the North African campaign begins.

Sept 15,1940The largest Luftwaffe daytime bombardment, it loses 56 aircraft

Sept 27,1940Japan joins The Axis

Oct 7,1940German troops enter their Ally Romania, Germany's only source of oil which is threatened by Russia

Nov 11,1940British carrier aircraft sink Italian fleet in Taranto's harbor. Yamamoto in Japan is impressed by their success.

Nov 20,1940Hungary and Romania, both military dictatorships, join The Axis.

Dec 9,1940British forces in Egypt counter attack the Italians and advance along the Libyan coast

WWII(In 1941)

Jan 12,1941Mar 3, 1941Hitler sends Rommel and the Afrika Korps to help the Italians in North AfricaRommel attacks the British forces in North Africa.

Mar 5, 1941Apr 6,1941Apr 17,1941Apr 27,1941May 20,1941May 31,1941British troops arrive at Greece to support it.Germany invades Yugoslavia and GreeceBritish forces evacuate Greek mainland to CreteGerman troops occupy AthensGerman paratroopers and airborne troops invade Crete by airBritish forces in Crete surrender.

April 13,1941After military clashes, Japan and Russia sign non-aggression pact.

Matsuoka Matsuoka Matsuoka Matsuoka

June 22,1941

July 3,1941July 16,1941July 21, 1941Germany invades Russia. Hitler orders "maximum cruelty" against civilians, which results in fanatic Russian resistance.Joseph Stalin orders the "scorched earth" strategy.German army group "Center" takes Smolensk, just 220 miles from Moscow.The Luftwaffe bombs Moscow

Operation Barbarossa begins when 4.5 million troops of the Axis powers invade the USSRalong an 1,800 mile front. (Clark II)

July 24,1941Japan invades French Indo-China (Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia)

Matsuoka

July 29,1941Hitler, eager to occupy the rich Ukraine first, orders to stop army group Center's advance to Moscow and to transfer its two tank armies to army groups "North" and "South". This is perhaps Hitler's greatest mistake. The German Generals argue in vain against it.

July 31,1941Hermann Goering orders the SS to prepare "the final solution", the plan to murder the millions of European jews.

The final solution. A Nazi about to shoot the last Jew left alive in Vinica

Hermann Goering

Sept 6,1941

Sept 15,1941Sept 18,1941Hitler orders to resume the advance to Moscow, in order to take it "in the limited time before winter". Army group "Center", is given back its two tank armies, plus a third tank army and additional air units.The long German siege of Leningrad begins.The Germans in the South occupy Kiev and reach the Crimea.

Siege of LeningradWar in Russia

Oct 2,1941Oct 5,1941

Oct 16,1941The final German attack towards Moscow begins (operation Typhoon).Rains stop German advance to Moscow due to deep mud which stops both tanks and infantry.Russian government leaves Moscow, the Germans occupy Odessa.

Soviet refugees during German invasion

Oct 26,1941Nov 15,1941The Germans occupy KharkovWith the mud frozen by the dropping temperatures, German advance to Moscow resumes.

Nov 30,1941

Dec 6,1941The foremost German forces reach 27km from Moscow, but can advance no further due to strong Russian resistance.At temperatures of -34C (-29F) and below, a major Russian counter attack near Moscow begins. Moscow is saved, and the Germans are pushed back.

A 1941 WWII Soviet poster by Kukryniksy Artists reminding Russians about the traditions of Alexander Nevsky, Alexander Suvorov, and Vasily Chapayev

Oct 17,1941Dec 7, 1941

Dec 11,1941Dec 19,1941General Tojo becomes Japan's prime minister The Japanese Navy attacks Pearl Harbor and the Phillipines, and the US joins the war. Germany and Italy declare war on the US.Hitler orders "fanatic resistance" and appoints himself military commander-in-chief.

General Tojo

War in Asia

Imperial Japan

Japanese military leaders had increased control in post WW I Japan.Emperor HirohitoGeneral Hideki Tojo Prime MinisterAdmiral Yamamoto planned the attack on Pearl Harbor.

Pearl Harbor, the tuning point of WWII, USA joined the War!

With the German failure to defeat Russia, which is marked by their failure to take Moscow, and with the United States joining the war a day later, This date marks the main turning point of World War II

The AxisItalyGermanyJapanThe Allied Nations

Great BritainFranceUSSRVS

USA

WWII(In 1942)

In 1942 The wars took place mainly in 3 areas, which wereRussia by Germany, Asia by Japan, and Africa by Germany.

March 20,1942"industrial scale" murder of jews by poison gas begins in Nazi death camps.

Jan 2,1942Jan 10,1942Jan 11,1942Jan 12,1942Jan 25,1942Feb 15,1942Japanese forces occupy ManilaJapanese forces invades IndonesiaJapanese forces occupy MalaysiaJapanese forces invade BurmaJapanese forces invade the Solomon islandsSingapore surrenders to the Japanese

War in Asia

April 18,1942Doolittle's raid - US bombers bomb Tokyo.

April 18,1942May 6,1942Battle of the Coral Sea. One Japanese carrier and one American carrier are sunkThe last American troops in the Phillippines surrender

June 4,1942

Jul 3,1942Aug 7,1942The battle of Midway. Four Japanese carriers are sunk, and one American carrier. Japan's naval superiority is lost.Japanese forces land in GuadalcanalUS forces land in Guadalcanal

Jan 13,1942May 8,1942Jul 28,1942German U-boats begin to sink ships along the US East coast.The German spring offensive in southern Russia begins.Stalin forbids further Russian retreats, at any cost.

War in Russia

Aug 23,1942Sep 6,1942Nov 19,1942Dec 19,1942The German 6th army reach Stalingrad, the battle of Stalingrad begins.The German advance in Stalingrad is stopped.The Russian flanking counter attack around Stalingrad beginsThe Germans fail to break the encirclement of their army in Stalingrad

War in Russia

Jan 21,1942Aug 13,1942Sep 23,1942Nov 8,1942Rommel begins another offensive in North AfricaMontgomery becomes commander of the British 8th army The battle of El Alamein in North Africa begins.Allied forces land in western North Africa, at Rommel's back

WWII(In 1943)

In 1943 The wars took place mainly in 2 areas, which were Russia by Germany, and moving Africa battle to North Atlantic ocean by Germany, and Italy was defeated.

Feb 2,1943July 5,1943Sep 25,1943October

Nov 6,1943The last German forces in Stalingrad surrenderThe battle of Kursk beginsThe Russians liberate SmolenskAllied anti submarine bases established in the Azores, in the middle of the Atlantic OceanThe Russians liberate Kiev

War in RussiaGermany would never go on offensive again against the USSR

May 13,1943May 22,1943

July 10,1943Nov 19,1943NovemberThe long North Africa campaign ends. The Allies control North Africa41 German U-boats sunk in 3 weeks. Doenitz retreats all U-boats from the North atlanticThe Allies invade SicilyThe Marines land in TarawaRommel takes command of the "atlantic wall" in the French coast

General Erwin Rommel

July 25,1943Sept 3,1943Sept 8,1943Mussolini is replaced and arrested.The Allies invade Italy's mainlandItaly surrenders. The German forces in northern and central Italy occupy it

Mussolini was arrested and executed while trying to escape to Switzerland

Dec 1943P-51 fighters provide all-the-way long range escort to bombers over Germany

WWII(In 1944)

Jan 16, 1943Eisenhower becomes supreme commander of western allies forces

MarchApr10,1944Jun22,1944Jun27,1944The Russians advance into the UkraineThe Russians liberate OdessaThe Russians advance to BelarusCherburg is liberated

War in Russia

Jun28,1944Aug23,1944

Spe6,1944Oct19,1944The Russians reach the old German-Russian border in central PolandRomania surrenders to the Russians. Its oil fields were Germany's only source of natural oilFinland and Bulgaria surrenders to the RussiansThe Germans evacuate Riga, Latvia

Romania surrenders to the Russians

Jun 15,1944Jun 19,1944Jul 24,1944Oct 20,1944

Nov 14,1944The Marines land in SaipanBattle of the Phillippine seaThe Marines land in TinianThe Marines land in Leyte, in the Philippines. In response, the Japanese Navy begins to use Kamikaze suicide pilots.B-29 bombers begin to bomb Tokyo from bases in the Mariana islands

War in AsiaBattle of the Phillippine sea

May 1944Jun 5,1944Jun 6,1944Allied bombers begin to concentrate on the German fuel industryThe German Navy's Enigma messages are decoded almost in real time.D-Day. American, British, Canadian forces invade France at the beaches of Normandy

War in Europethe beaches of Normandy

Jul 12,1944Jul 20,1944

July21,19451st German V-1 cruise missile attack on BritainHitler survives an assassination attempt by senior German officers with light wounds.Hitler appoints General Guderian to chief of the army (OKH). The Marines land in Guam

Hitler survives

Jul 30,1944Aug 1,1944Aug 15,1944Aug 25,1944General Gorge S.Patton breaks out of the beachhead deep into FranceWarsaw revolts against the GermansThe Allies land in southern FranceParis is liberated.

General Gorge S.Patton

AugustSep 8,1944Sep 17,1944Oct 5,1944Dec 16,1944Allied fighters achieve air superiority over Germany1st German V-2 ballistic missile attack on BritainOperation Market Garden in HollandBritish forces land in GreeceThe German attack in the Ardennes begin

Allied started fighting back

WWII(In 1945)

Jan 23,1945Jan 27,1945Jan 28,1945The Russians reach Germany itself at the Oder riverThe Russians liberate the Auschwitz death campThe Ardennes campaign ends

the Auschwitz death campWar in Europe

Feb 4-11,1945Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin at Yalta,

Feb 13,1945Apr 11,1945The Russians occupy Budapest, Hungary. Dresden bombed.The Allies liberate the Buchenwald death camp

Allied Officers & Soldiers view the carnage at Buchenwald after liberation

Apr 13,1945Apr 16,1945Apr 25,1945The Russians enter ViennaThe Russians begin final advance to BerlinAmerican and Russian forces meet

The Russians enter Vienna

Mar 6,1945Mar 7,1945Mar 27,1945Apr 1,1945Apr 10,1945Apr 26,1945The Allies occupy Cologne, GermanyUS forces cross the Rhine on the Remagen bridgeV-2 missile attacks endGerman forces encircled in the Ruhr by the AmericansThe Allies occupy HannoverGerman defense in northern Italy finally collapse

German defense in northern Italy finally collapse

Apr 29,1945Mussolini is executed by the Italian resistance. The Allies liberate the Dachau death camp

The End of Mussolini

Apr 30,1945Adolf Hitler commits suicide in his bunker in Berlin. He appoints Admiral Doenitz as his successor.

May 8,1945Germany surrenders. The war in Europe ends

Jan 9,1945Feb 19,1945Mar 4,1945Mar 16,1945Mar 27,1945The Marines land in Luzon in the PhilippinesThe Marines land in Iwo JimaManila is liberatedThe battle of Iwo Jima endsV-2 missile attacks end

War in Asia

Apr 6,1945

Apr 7,1945The Marines land in Okinawa. Japan orders all its forces to use Kamikaze suicide tacticThe super battleship Yamato is sunk on its way to a Kamikaze fight in Okinawa

April 12,1945President Roosevelt dies.

May 28,1945Jun 2,1945Jun21,1945450 B-29 bombers bomb Yokohama660 B-29 bombers bomb Japanese citiesBattle of Okinawa ends

July16,1945Jul 16 - the US tests the atomic bomb in New Mexico. It works

First atomic bomb test, near Alamogordo, New Mexico

Aug 6,1945Hiroshima is destroyed by an atomic bomb, named Little Boy.

Hiroshima

Aug 9,1945Nagasaki is destroyed by an atomic bomb name Fat Man.

Nagasaki

Aug 14,1945Aug 14 - Japan surrenders

Sept 2,1945Japan signs instrument of surrender. The World War 2 finally ends.

Japanese foreign affairs minister Mamoru Shigemitsu signs the Japanese InstrumentOf Surrender on board USS Missouri as General Richard K. Sutherland watches,

Sure, we want to go home. We want this war over with. The quickest way to get it over with is to go get the bastards who started it. The quicker they are whipped, the quicker we can go home. The shortest way home is through Berlin and Tokyo. And when we get to Berlin, I am personally going to shoot that paper hanging son-of-a-bitch Hitler. Just like I'd shoot a snake!

General George S. Patton (addressing to his troops before Operation Overlord) - 5th June 1944

Thank You Very Much

Sompong Yusoontorn