6obat sal. pernapasan-ok.ppt

7/26/2019 6OBAT SAL. PERNAPASAN-ok.ppt

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OBAT YANG BEKERJA PADASALURAN PERNAPASAN

B.BRONKHODILATOR

A.OBAT RHINITIS

C.MUKOLITIK & EKSPEKTORAN

D.ANTITUSIF

E.OBAT ASMA


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TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN

1. Mendefinisi !n !n"i#is"!$in% de n'es"!n % !n"i"(si)d!n e s*e " +!n

,. Mendefinisi !n '!n''(!n s!-(+!n *e+n!*!s!n !"!s +ini"is% sin(si"is% f!+in'i"is d!n -!+in'i"is

/. Men'iden"ifi !si efe s!$*in' de n'es"!n n!s!- d!n0!+! (n"( $en'#ind!+in !2. Mendefinisi !n '!n''(!n s!-(+!n *e+n!*!s!n 3!4!#

'!n''(!n )en"i-!si +es"+i "if d!n 3s"+( "i)% !s$!3+ n i!-% 3+ n i"is + ni % e$fise$!

5. Men e3(" !n ' - n'!n 3!" !s$! se+"! $e !nis$ee+6!n !7. Men''!$3!+ !n in"e+)ensi e*e+!4!"!n "e+$!s(

*endidi !n -ien (n"( *e$! !i!n 3!" '!n''(!ns!-(+!n *e+n!*!s!n


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4/37

Gangguan saluran pernapasan atas

8 Flu, Rhinitis

8 Sinusitis 9 Pe+!d!n'!n $e$3+!n $( s! s!"( !"!( -e3i# sin(s $! si-!+is% f+ n"!-%e"$ id!-is !"!( sfen id!-is

9 O3!" de n'es"!n n!s!-:sis"e$i % !se"!$in fen% 0!i+!n% is"i+!#!"8 Faringitis akut

9 Pe+!d!n'!n "en'' + !"!( ;s! i" -e#e+< 9 Dise3!3 !n -e# )i+(s !"!( s"+e*" (s 3e"!#e$ -i"i 9 Ge6!-! en!i !n s(#( "(3(# & 3!"( 9 O3!" ($(+ s!-in% "!3-e" #is!*% 3!n ! $in($% !se"!$in fen% * AB

8 Tonsilitis akut 9 Pe+!d!n'!n " nsi-% S"+e*" (s 3e"!#e$ -i"i

9 Ge6!-! s! i" -e#e+% $en''i'i-% de$!$% s! i" " " 9 O3!" ($(+ s!-in% 3!n ! $in($% !se"!$in fen% !n"i3i "i !8 Laringitis akut

9 Ede$! *i"! s(!+! $en e3!3 !n s(!+! se+! & e0i- 9 Pen e3!3 s"+es% *e$! !i!n *i"! s(!+! 3e+-e3i#!n% infe si *e+n!*!s!n 9 Pen' 3!"!n is"i+!#!" & #en"i $e+


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F-(

8 Dise3!3 !n -e# +in )i+(s8 Men(-!+ 1=2 #!+i se3e-($ nse" & se-!$! / #!+i

*e+"!$!8 Me-!-(i sen"(#!n *!d! *e+$( !!n !n'

"e+ n"!$in!si% $en en"(# #(d(n':$(-("8 Se$3(# d!-!$ 4! "( > #!+i

8 Ge6!-! +in +e! ?#id(n' 3e+!i+@% #id(n'"e+s($3!"% 3!"( & *enin' !"!n se +esi $( s!

en"!-% #i6!(: (nin' infe si 3! "e+i

?Kee%Farmakologi, PendekatanProses Keperawatan)


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R#ini"is8 R!d!n' ! (" $e$3+!n $( s!

#id(n'8 Bi!s!n ! 3e+s!$!!n den'!n f-(8 Ge6!-! 3e+sin% '!"!-% #id(n'

3e+-endi+ d!n n'es"i ?#id(n'"e+s($3!"@ *e+i s! $( (s!n' (nin':#i6!( !d! infe si

!n"i3i "i8 Pen e3!3 $en'#i+(* !-e+'en

?de3(% 3(-( 3in!"!n'% * -en%!s!* + !"!( * -("!n@

8 Reaksi alergi A-e+'en se-$!s" #is"!$in% -e( "+in n"+i si 3+ n (s% (de$% (+"i !+i!

8 O3!" +#ini"is

Reaksi alergi


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A. OBAT RHINITIS

1. ANTIHISTAMIN

,. AGONIS ADRENERGIK ?DEKONGESTAN@

/. KORTIKOSTEROID


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HISTAMIN

8 !" !-!$i!# "(3(# d!-!$ 3en"( "e+i !" di K(-i"% $( s! $!"!% #id(n'% s!-(+!n n!f!s%(s(s% -e( si" 3!s fi-

8 , +ese*" + #is"!$in H1 & H,8 Aktivasi reseptor H 9 n"+! si " " * - s 3+ n0#i% (s(s & +!#i$ 9 )!s di- )!s (-!+ TD & *e !n den ("

6!n"(n' 9 Pe+$e!3i-i"!s !*i-e+ 0!i+!n & *+ " (de$ 9 #i*e+se +esi in'(s & !i+$!"!% -(d!# & d!#!

9 s"i$(-!si (6(n' s!+!f e+i"e$! & '!"!-


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A . ANTIHISTAMIN

8 !" !n' d(d( *!d! +ese*" + #is"!$inse#in''! #is"!$in "id! $end!*!" +ese*" +

8 Un"( "e+!*i !-e+'i:+#ini"is *en'#!$3!" H18 Li* fi- $ene$3(s SSP ?n'!n"( @

!i"enhi!ra#in, klor"enira#in %8 Hid+ fi- lorata!in, ter"ena!in, aste#isol


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A$. AGONIS A%R&N&RGI'

8 ( %&'ONG&STAN ( pelega pernapasan 9 K n"+i si !+"e+i -! $( s! #id(n' ? 1@ infi-"+!si 0!i+!n d!+i

!+"e+i -! (de$ 9 Re-! s!si 3+ n (s ? , @ '!n''(!n !s*i+!si (d!+! e *!+(=*!+(

8 Se!iaan 9 Se+in' se3!'!i !e+ s - ?$e !n efe s!$*in' sis"e$i @ sin' !"=

0e*!" 9 Te"es #id(n' 9 Pe+= +!- ?"!3-e"% si+(*@ efe *!n6!n'

8 &"ek sa#ping

9 TD & den (" 6!n"(n' "en"( !n !*! -ien *ende+i"! #i*e+"ensi 9 I+i"!si $( s! #id(n' Re3 (d efe ?)!s di-!"!si@ 3!0! !"(+!n*! !i ?/=5 #!+i@

8 )ontoh 9 "enile"rin, e"e!rin, pseu!oe"e!rin, oksi#eta*olin,

"enilpropanola#in


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A/. KORTIKOSTEROID

8 Ke+6! !n"i inf-!$!si% s"!3i-is!si $e$3+!n &!n"i!-e+'i

8 ES sis"e$i *ene !n!n !n! 'in6!- di3e+i !n (n"( +#ini"is 6i ! !n"i#is"!$in s(d!#"id! efe "if

8 Di3e+i !n d!-!$ 3en"( +!-% in#!-!si% in6e si

8 C n" # 9 *+ednis n% de s!$e"!s n% 3e - $e"!s n% f-("i !s n%

"+i!$sin - n


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B. BRON'O%ILATOR

8 Pe+!n's!n'!n *!+!si$*!"is !"!( #!$3!"!nsi$*!"is di 3+ n (s B+ n n"+i si

8 B+ n di-!" + $endi-!"!si:+e-! s!si 3+ n (s1. AGONIS ,,. TEOFILIN

/. ANTIKOLINERGIK


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B . AGONIS $

8 Me !nis$e e+6! 9 Se-e "if #!n ! e+6! di , ?+e-! s!si 3+ n #(s@ "!n*!$e+!n's!n' 1 se#in''! !n' 3e+! i3!" *enin' !"!nf+e 4ensi d!n den (" 6!n"(n'

9 Mens"!3i- !n $e$3+!n 3+ n #(s d!n se- $!s"

8 Ke0e*!"!n & -!$! efe 9 in#!-!si% in6e si efe 0e*!"% !"!si se+!n'!n 9 *e+= +!- efe -!$!% *en0e'!#!n se+!n'!n

8 C n" # 9 A-3("e+ - 9 Te+3("!-in 9 s!-$e"e+ - 9 S!-3("!$ -

9 fen "e+ -


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B$. T&OFILIN

8 Me !nis$e e+6! 9 $en'#!$3!" f sf dies"e+!se *enin' !"!n 0=AMP ?3+ n #(s& se- $!s"@ di-!"!si 3+ n #(s & s"!3i-is!si se- $!s"

8 C!+! *e$3e+i!n 9 *e+= +!-

9 +e "!- ?s(* si" +i!@ 9 in6e si i) ?!$in fi-in "e fi-in e"i-endi!$in% "e fi-in -!+(" d!-!$ !i+@8 F!+$! ine"i

9 Inde s "e+!*i se$*i" Sedi!!n "!3-e" -e*!s -!$3!"% "!3-e" s- 4+e!0"in' ?TSR@

9 d sis s!n'!" indi)id(!- ?)!+i!si 3i - 'is 3es!+ !3s +*si &$e"!3 -is$e@

8 Efe s!$*in' 9 M(!-% $(n"!#% f-(s#in'% s! i" e*!-! d!n #i* "ensi3( !n $e+(*! !n 3!" *i-i#!n ("!$! "e+!*i !s$!


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). M 'OLITI' - &'S &'TORAN

As$!% 3+ n #i"is& infe si 3+ n (s

#ukus?'-i *+ "ein%* -is! !+id!%de3+is se- &/airan eksu!at

in"eksi @

Penin' !"!n *ene3!-!n &3!n ! n ! $( (s

Mu!ah!ikeluarkan#ukolitik

ekspektoran

S!-(+!n*e+n!f!s!n"e+-!-( e+in'

i+i"!si

re"lek 0atuk

Me kansekresi


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). M 'OLITI' - &'S &'TORAN 1$2

8 Mekanis#e ker3a #ukolitik 9 Ase"i- sis"ein $e$e0!# '-i *+ "ein $ -e (- !n'

-e3i# e0i- $( (s en0e+ 9 B+ $#e sin $e$("(s i !"!n d!-!$ $( *i-is! !+id!

$ -e (- -e3i# e0i- 9 !se"i- sis"ein% 3+ $#e sin

8 Mekanis#e ker3a ekspektoran 9 Menin' !" !n se +esi di s!-(+!n *e+n!*!s!n

$en'(+!n'i i+i"!si & 3!"( 9 !$ ni($ - +id!% n!"+i($ si"+!"% '-ise+i- '(!i! -!"


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B!"(

8 Definisi 9 Me !nis$e *e+-ind(n'!n (n"( $e$3e+si# !n s!-(+!n

n!*!s 9 K ndisi "e+"en"( $is inf-!$!si !"!( !n e+ re"leks

0atuk 0erle0ihan8 B!"( "id! *+ d( "if ?3!"( e+in'@

9 "id! $en'#!si- !n se +e"% 9 Ten'' + !n '!"!-% s(!+! se+! & #i-!n' 9 "id! "e+!s! s! i"% "id! !d! n'es"i !"!( '!n''(!n

*e+n!*!s!n 9 Di*i0( -e# in#!-!si *!+"i e- $! !n!n% 3!#!n i+i"!n%!s!* + % *e+(3!#!n "e$*e+!"(+

9 Me+(*! !n 'e6!-! sis! d!+i infe si )i+(s !"!( !+en! f-( 9 erlu !ire!akan !engan antitusiv


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%. ANTIT SIF

1. KODEIN8 G - n'!n n!+ "i ! e"e+'!n"(n'!n8 Men(+(n !n sensi"i)i"!s *(s!" 3!"( d!n +!n's!n'!n8 D sis 1 =, $' !n"i"(si)% 7 $' !n!-'e"i8 Efe s!$*in' $(!-% ns"i*!si% sed!si +in'!n% de*+esi

*e+n!*!s!n,. DEKSTROMETORFAN

8 L=is $e+ d!+i *i id ? dein@ NON NARKOTIK8 An"i"(si) n n !n!-'e"i8 ES 6!(# -e3i# +in'!n d!+i dein ? ns"i*!si@8 O3!" se6enis n s !*in

/. UAP MENTOL8 Men(+(n !n sensi"i)i"!s f!+in & -!+in "e+#!d!* i+i"!si +ef-e

3!"(8 Se0!+! in#!-!si !"!( 3!" ' s


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G!n''(!n s!-(+!n *e+n!*!s!n 3!4!#

Gangguan ventilasi A. Res"+i "i) ?$e$3!"!si@

9 3e+ (+!n'n ! *!+en i$ *!+(8 +ese si *!+(

8 !"e-e "!sis ?"id! !d!n ! *!s !n (d!+! *!d! 3!'i!n *!+(@ 9 e$!$*(!n $e$(!i *!+( "e+3!"!s

8 *-e(+i"is fi3+in sis

B. O3s"+( "if ? $en'#!-!n'i@ 9 Pen e$*i"!n s!-(+!n n!f!s *e !n "!#!n!n !-i+!n (d!+!

8 As$! 3+ n #i!-8 B+ n #i"is + nis8 E$fise$! *!+(


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As"#$! B+ n0#i!-e8 )iri 4

9 ses! n!f!s% (de$ dindin' 3+ n #(s & #i*e+se +esi se +e" en"!- 9 A4!- !d! se-!n' se+!n'!n% -!n6(" di!n"!+! se+!n'!n "e"!* !d!

#i*e+se +esi 3+ n #i"is + nis 9 se+!n'!n di! #i+i den'!n 3!"( 3e+d!#! en"!- & 3enin' 9 S"!"(s !s"#$!"i0(s se+!n'!n !s$! #e3!"% 3e+"!#!n -e3i# ,2 6!$%

"! #i !+di!% "! 3is! 3i0!+! -!n0!+ !+en! n!f!s "e+sen'!-=sen'!-

8 'linis 4 9 !s$! !-e+'i se6! !n! =,% did!#(-(i 'e6!-! !-e+'i -!in #(s(sn !e si$% f! " + e"(+(n!n & ns"i"(si "(3(# 3e+*e+!n!n

9 !s$! n n !-e+'i infe si% i+i"!si=fisi !% " si !" i$i!: 3!" 9 ($($n ! 0!$*(+!n

8 en5e0a0 4 9 Pe+!d!n'!n s"e+i- + nis d!+i s!- *e+n!f!s!n 9 Hi*e++e! "i)i"!s 3+ n0#i ?HRB@ "e+#!d!* 3e+3!'!i s"i$(-i

8 !" !-e+'en%8 !" *e+!n's!n' ?de3(% !s!*% #!4! din'in@%8 Ke-e-!#!n

8 Infe si )i+(s


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B+ n #i"is + nis

Ci+i 9 P+ d( si -endi+ s!- n!f!s 9 B!"( *+ d( "if + nis se (+!n'n ! / 3(-!n:"!#(n

F! " + *en e3!3 !- 9 Infe si ! (" s!-. *e+n!f!s!n -e# )i+(s 9 $e+ se-!*(" -endi+ +(s! e*i"e- *en''e+!

"e+'!n''( *+ d -endi+ 3!"( + nis 9 As!* + $en'!nd(n' e-!s"!se ?se+!" e-!s"in

'e-e$3(n' *!+( fi3+ sis@ fs *!+( "e+'!n''(


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E$fise$! P!+(

)iri8 Di-!"!si & des"+( si 6!+.*!+( ses! n!f!s "e+(s

$en'#e3!" 4! "( $en'e-(!+ !n "en!'!

8 A-)e -i "e+(s $en'e$3!n' dindin'n ! !n'3e+*e$3(-(# d!+!# $! in "i*is +(s! se+!*!nsi'en !d / 6!n"(n' e+6! e+!s 0 +=

*(-$ n!-e ?6!n"(n' $e$3es!+@Pen e3!3 8 B+ n #i"is + nis d' 3!"( 3e+"!#(n="!#(n8 !s$!


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Pen' 3!"!n !s$!8 Se+!n'!n !s$! ! ("

1. S*!s$ -i"i in#!-!si s!-3("!$ -% "e+3("!-in,. S(** s !$in fi-in/. Efed+in & is *+en!-in "!3-e"2. In6e si i) !$in fi-in &: s!-3("!$ -% *

#id+ +"is n:*+ednis n i)5. In6e si !d+en!-in

8 Te+!*i *e$e-i#!+!!n!. As$! +in'!n ?se+!n'!n 1 :3(-!n@ s!-3("!$ -% "e+3("!-in 1=,

in#!-si:$in''(3. As$! sed!n' ?se+!n'!n 1=2 :3(-!n@ in# +"i s"e+ id &

ned + $i-% !n! =!n! +!- e" "ifen% s!" $id!0. As$! !'! se+i(s ?se+!n'!n 1=, :$in''(@ +"i s"e+ id!d sis , !d+ene+'i % !n"i -ine+'i

d. As$! se+i(s ?se+!n'!n / :$in''(@ +"i s"e+ id! d sis $!-!$ - n' !0"in' , !d+ene+'i * "e fi-in s- 4 +e-e!se


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Ti"i e+6! 3!" !s$! se0!+! fisi - 'is


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J!-(+ !s!$!+!0#id n!"


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PENGGOLONGAN OBAT ASMA

8 An"i !-e+'i !8

B+ n # di-!" + 8 M( -i"i8 An"i#is"!$in

8 !" !n"i-e( "+ien


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E. OBAT ASMA8 An"i !-e+'i ! $ens"!3i- !n $!s"=0e--s

*en0e'!#!n se+!n'!n 9 K+ $ '-i !"% ned + $i-% e" "ifen% s!" $id!% ,

!d+ene+'i8 B+ n # di-!" +

, !d+ene+'i ! s"!3i-is!si $e$3+!n & 3+ n # di-!"!si8 s!-3("!$ -% "e+3("!-in% "+e" (in -% fen "e+ -% +i$i"e+ -%*+ !"e+ -% -en3("e+ -% is *+en!-in

9 An"i -ine+'i ! 3+ n # di-!"!si8 I*+!"+ *i($% "i! in!$i($% de*"+ *in

8 ES $en'en"!- !n d!#! % "! i !+di!% $(-(" e+in'% 3s"i*!si%s( !+ 3e+ e$i#% '!n''(!n ! $ d!si 9 De+i)!" !n"in 3- !de +ese*" + !den sin & 0e'!#

$enin' !"n ! HRB *+ fi-! "if 8 Te fi-in% !$in fi-in% -in"e fi-in!"

8 Min($ "e+(s=$ene+(s


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OBAT ASMA ?,@

8 K +"i s"e+ id! 3- f sf -i*!se=A,% $enin' !" !ne*e !!n +ese*" + ,% !n"i=+!d!n' 9 Hid+ +"is n% *+ednis n% de s!$e"!s n% 9 in# 3e - $e"!s n% f-("i !s n% 3(des nid!

8M( -i"i ? (+!n'i e en"!-!n@ & e s*e " +!nsi!?*en'e-(!+!n d!#! @ 9 Ase"i-sis"ein% 3+ $#e sin% !$3+ s -% KI & !$ ni($ - +id!

8 An"i#is"!$in $e$3- +ese*" + #is"!$in 9 Ke" "ifen% s!" $id!

8 !" !n"i-e( "+ien *en'#!$3!"!n sin"esis L" !"!($e$3- +ese*" + L" 9 L"=3- e+s i-e(" n%se"i+i in% - +!"!din% ! e-!s"in% e3!s"in 9 L"=+ese*" + 3- e+s !fi+-( !s"% *+n-( !s"% $ n"e-( !s"


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SOAL B&LA6AR 1 28 Nell/o #e#pro!uksi 7A#i/ain Supositoria8 5ang #engan!ung

a#ino"ilin - 0en*o/ain

1.Si!*! !# Ne--0 ,.A*! !n' di$! s(d den'!n s(* si" +i!/.A*! !n' di$! s(d den'!n !$in fi-in% indi !si d!n $e !nis$e

e+6!n ! 2.Se3(" !n #!si!" 3en 0!in

8 As#asolon Ta0let 0uatan 9est#ont, Me!i"ar#a, !i0uku ISO0erla0el ', #engan!ung e"e!rin, teo"ilin !an klor"enira#in#aleat, !iin!ikasikan untuk o0at as#a1.A*! !n' di$! s(d den'!n "!3-e"% 6e-!s !n f!se f!+$!se"i "!3-e" ,.A*! !n' di$! s(d den'!n -!3e- K /.Je-!s !n $e !nis$e e+6! $!sin'=$!sin' !" se3!'!i 3!" !s$!

8 &rphaka" lus Sirup 9 $en'!nd(n' de s"+ $e" +f!n% difen#id+!$in% feni-*+ *!n -!$in%

!$ ni($ - +id!% n!"+i($ si"+!" d!n $en" -. 9 indi !si 3!"( 3!s!# !"!( e+in' "e+(s $ene+(s% 3!"( !-e+'i=

$e+ % 3e+sin% #id(n' "e+s($3!" 9

Je-!s !n #!si!" $!sin'=$!sin' !" !n' "e+ !nd(n' d!-!$ si+(*E+*#! !f


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SOAL B&LA6AR 1$2

1. K-ien !nd! $en''(n! !n in#!-e+ e+ s - !-3("e+ - 2 dd (n"($en0e'!# se+!n'!n !s$!. O3!" 6enis !*! !-3("e+ - i"( B!'!i$!n! 0!+! e+6!n ! A*! *en (-(#!n e*!d! -ien !n'!nd! #!+(s 3e+i !n $en'en!i *e$3e+i!n d sis d!n efes!$*in'n !

,. O3!" "e fi-in di3e+i !n d!-!$ 3en"( "!3-e" (n"( $en0e'!#se+!n'!n !s$! d!n 0!i+!n in"+!)en! (n"( se+!n'!n !s$! ! (". A*! efe d!+i "e fi-in Be+!*! 3!"!s se+($ "e+!*e"i n ! Men'!*! !d!+ se+($ *e+-( di*!n"!(

/. K!*!n s di($ + $ -in di*! !i (n"( $en' 3!"i !s$! Men'!*! + $ -in "id! 3 -e# di#en"i !n den'!n "i3!="i3!

2. S.D. $en''(n! !n , in#!-e+ e+ s -% s!"( !d!-!# 3+ n # di-!" +?P+ )en"i-@ d!n !n' ed(! !d!-!# '-( +"i id ? !n0e+i-@. A*!*en (-(#!n e*!d! *!sien $en'en!i *e$3e+i!n 3e+s!$! 3!"=3!" ini


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&NGANTAR RA'TI' M :&RR: K!-$ --in 1,5 $'

P+ednis n "!3-. QT+!ns3+ n0# 5 $'$.f. *(-). d"d. N S. / dd *(-). I

P+ Adi" ! / "!#(n)ara #enger3akan 41. N!$! !" ! "if & !d!+ *e+ s!"(!n

,. D sis -! i$ ?DL@/. D sis *! !i .. !"!( DL2. Pe+#i"(n'!n 3!#!n5. C!+! Pe$3(!"!n

7. ! "( $in($ 3!">. E"i e" 3!"V. Indi !siW. Efe S!$*in'1 . K n"+! Indi !si


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)ara #enger3akan 1 2

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