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10 MW Biomass Based Power Plant ABEIL

G1. INTRODUCTION

Amrit Bio Energy and Industries Ltd (henceforth abbreviated as ABEIL) has been incorporated

as a Public Limited Company on 2th !anuary"2##$ % &his company 'as promoted by hri%%C%*u+ari" Chairman , -anaging *irector and mt% udha *u+ari" *irector% ABEIL is planning

to set up an .. -/ independent biomass based po'er plant at !agi 0oad in -ayong Circle of

-arigaon district in Assam% &his 'ill be the first Independent Biomass Based Po'er Plant at

Assam%

1.1 BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION

Biomass is 1no'n to be an important energy source for developing countries li1e India% Its

importance is no' being reaffirmed even by developed countries in vie' of its rene'able and

environment friendly character% In our country also" optimum utiliation of biomass resources

could not only lead to savings in conventional energy but also result in many indirect benefits%

In vie' of this" the -inistry of 3on Conventional Energy ources has been promoting

electricity generation from biomass as a means of full e4ploitation of its inherent energy value%

Among the technologies being promoted for this purpose is the mega'att scale po'er

generation through combustion using boiler and turbine and gasification" using 5asifier and

producer gas engines% Combustion route is used for independent biomass po'er plants and

also in cogeneration mode% &hese pro+ects are covered under the Biomass

Po'er6Cogeneration Programme of -inistry of 3on Conventional energy ources" 5ovt% of

India% &he -inistry initiated the programme for promotion of these routes of biomass utiliation

almost a decade bac1 and significant achievements have been made in this period to'ards

their commercialiation and establishment as a viable and environment friendly electricity

generation option%

1.2 POTENTIAL

&he annual generation of biomass materials covering residues from agriculture" forestry" and

plantation operations" is estimated at more than 77# million tons% Biomass is classified into

three categories% Crop residues li1e Cotton stal1s" mustard stal1s" etc" agro industry residues

li1e rice hus1" bagasse" etc and from 'aste lands and forest% Biomass is also categoried into

t'o functional categories li1e" suitable for fodder and suitable for po'er generation% Biomass

suitable for fodder is not considered for po'er generation" eventhough the biomass is surplus%It has been estimated that about 8#9:#; of these 'astes are used as fodder" as fuel for

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domestic coo1ing and for other economic purposes leaving behind .2#9.7# millions tons of

usable agro residues per year 'hich could be made available for po'er generation% By using

these surplus agro residues and the 'astes from forestry and plantations" it has been

estimated that more than ."7## -/ of po'er can be produced" if the sugar mills in the country s'itch over to

modern techni=ues of optimum co9generation% &he tates having the ma4imum potential for

bagasse based cogeneration include -aharashtra" ?ttar Pradesh" &amil 3adu" arnata1a and

Andhra Pradesh" 'hile the tates having greater potential for biomass based po'er

generation include Andhra Pradesh% &amil 3adu" arnata1a" Chhattisgarh" Bihar" Pun+ab etc%

1.3 ACHIEVEMENTS

&o tap this large potential" the -inistry has been implementing biomass po'er , bagasse co9

generation programme for the last .# years% @ver these years" .2# pro+ects aggregating to

:#7 -/ have been installed in the country for feeding po'er to the grid% In addition" it is

estimated that another . pro+ects aggregating to :22%$> -/ of electricity are under various

stages of implementation% &he installed capacity includes 8 -/ and the capacity under implementation includes $2

pro+ects aggregating to $>7%$> -/ of bagasse cogenerated electricity% $2%7 -/ and $ pro+ects are

under various stages of completion% /ith the commissioning of pipeline pro+ects" Biomass

Based Po'er plants 'ill contribute 8># -/" and bagasse based cogeneration pro+ects ::

-/% &his capacity is in addition to the Biomass 5asifier systems" aggregating more than

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specially promoting the Biomass Based Po'er Plants and Cogeneration po'er plants% -3E

is giving fiscal and financial benefits to the pro+ect developers%

-inistry had announced the fiscal incentives common for all rene'able energy pro+ects and

announced category 'ise financial incentives% &hese financial incentives are also

modified6revised from time to time%

Fisca I!c"!#i$"s a%"&

.% Accelerated depreciation .##; in first year of investment

2% Income ta4 e4emption for .# ears

>% ales &a4 e4emption for plant and machinery

a% ome states had given sales ta4 e4emption for the e=uipment used in the

rene'able energy pro+ect% ome states had given additional price per unit is

given from the sales ta4 revenue to the e4tent of pro+ect cost% And some

states have allo'ed to off set the ales ta4 payment 'ith other products of

industry

$% E4cise duty or custom duty e4emption

a% E4cise duty and custom duty is e4empted on the plant and machinery of the

pro+ect%

-inistry has also e4tended the Capital subsidy for Biomass Based Po'er plants and Bagasse

based cogeneration po'er plants%

At present" 5overnment of India had announced that rapid depreciation 'ill be upto :#; of

the pro+ect cost estimates in the first year" instead of .##; as announced earlier%

Even though notification 'as generally e4empting the e4cise duty for rene'able energy

pro+ects" e4cise department had not given this concession to biomass based po'er plants and

bagasse based cogeneration systems" as the boiler and turbine can be used for conventional

systems also% -inistry of inance" 5ovt% of India had issued notification noD >>62##7 dated

:%%2##7" clearly indicating that" plant and machinery needed to set up the biomass based

po'er plants are e4empted for e4cise and custom duty% Copy of the notification is given belo'D

TO BE PUBLISHED IN PART II, SECTION 3, SUB-SECTION (i) OF THE

GAZETTE OF INDIA, EXTRAORDINARY, DATED THE 8TH SEPTEMBER,

200

!" BHADRAPADA, !#2" (SA$A)

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GO%ERNMENT OF INDIA

MINISTRY OF FINANCE

(DEPARTMENT OF RE%ENUE)

&&&

N' D'*i, +'+ *' 8* S'.'/'1, 200 !" B*+1.+ , !#2" (S)

NOTIFICATION

N4 335 200-C'61 E7i9'

G4S4R4 (E)4- I6 '7'1i9' : *' .'19 6:'11'+ ; 9'16/'6 : I6+ii6 *' Mi6i91; : N6-C6>'6i6 E6'1?; S

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1.' STATUS OF BIOMASS BASED PO(ER PLANTS

Biomass Based po'er plants are in operation since .2 in India" 'hereas these plants are in

operation in the 'orld since mid eighties% In California" biomass based po'er plants of 7# -/

capacity are also in operation%

S#a#)s *+ P%*,"c#s C*--issi*!" a! )!"% I-/"-"!#a#i*! as *! 30..200'

PROECTS BIOMASS PO(ER COGENERATION TOTAL

M( N*s. M( N*s. M( N*s

Commissioned >$2%7 :8%#$ $ $>7%$> $2 :22%$> .

&otal 82%7$ .# :8%< .#2 .

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Assam Energy *evelopment Agency is the nodal agency to give the approvals for setting up

Biomass Based Po'er Plants in the state of Assam% 5overnment of Assam is not yet

announced the policy of po'er purchase from 0ene'able Energy Pro+ects% &his pro+ect 'ill be

the first independent biomass based po'er pro+ect of Assam%

Assam tate Electricity 0egulatory Commission 'hile issuing the tariff order for the financial

year 2##79#

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..%>> &he Commission is also decided in this tariff order to create an incentive for consumers

to s'itch to solar hot 'ater systems% In Assam" during 'inter months very high consumption of

electricity is observed during the morning hours resulting in pea1ing of demand in morning in

addition to normal pea1 hours% @ne of the reason for Assam Electricity 0egulatory

Commission &ariff @rder 2##79#< this pea1ing of demand in the morning during 'inter

matters is use of 'ater heating appliances li1e geysers" immersion rods etc% &hese heating

appliances consume high amounts of electricity%

..%>$ or proper grid management it is essential that consumers should be encouraged to opt

for alternative methods to meet their 'ater heating re=uirements% olar 'ater heaters offer an

e4cellent alternative to electrical 'ater heating system and can help in a big 'ay in reducing

the demand during the morning hours% It also results in substantial reduction in the

consumersenergy bills% o use of solar heating is" thus" a 'in9'in situation for consumers as

'ell as utilities%

..%>7 In order to encourage consumers to s'itch over to solar 'ater heating system" the

Commission proposes to introduce a monthly rebate of 0s%># for all consumers 'ho have

installed such solar 'ater heating systems for meeting their hot 'ater re=uirements and these

are actually used% &o avail this rebate" the consumer 'ill be re=uired to give the licensee an

affidavit to the effect that such a system has been installed on his premises and is being used

to meet his 'ater heating re=uirements% &he declaration can be verified by the licensees

meter readers 6 representative" if re=uired% In case" any such declaration is found to be false"

the licensee apart from ta1ing appropriate legal action against such consumer 'ould be

entitled to recover the entire rebate allo'ed to such consumers 'ith .##; penalty%

As per the estimates of 2##%78 per unit%&o this the

indirect benefits of rene'able energy needs to be added before fi4ing the tariff for biomass

based po'er%

%

1.< ROLE OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS

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&he leading financial institution e4tending the financial assistance is I0E*A% Indian 0ene'able

Energy *evelopment Agency (I0E*A) the financial arm of -inistry also e4tends the financial

assistance for setting up these po'er plants% &he other financial institutions li1e I*C" I*BI"

ICICI" ?*C@ and nationalied ban1s li1e tate Ban1 of India" Andhra Ban1 etc are also

e4tending the financial assistance%

I0E*A is having the fi4ed rate of interest" irrespective of the promoter" but it is having different

rate of interest depending upon the capacity of the po'er plant and the boiler pressure%

/hereas" the other financial institutions interest rate is depending upon the credit rating of

promoter" i%e% PL0 rate of financial institution and some points%

As per I0E*As guidelines" the promoter has to bring minimum of >#; of pro+ect cost as their

e=uity% &he interest rate for the biomass po'er pro+ects is .#%7;% 0epayment of loan is for the

period of .# years after commissioning% &his period is inclusive > years of moratorium follo'ed

by loan repayment%

pecial concession is given for 3orth Eastern states

Concessions given to 3orth Eastern tates are given belo'D

5rid Connected Po'er Pro+ectsD

.% 0ebate of .%#; pa in interest rates

2% E4emption from Payment of

a% 0egistration ees

b% Inspection Charges

c% Legal Charges (other than incurred for 0ecovery)

d% E4penditure Incurred on 3ominee *irectors

e% ront End ee

>% Concession of 7; in Promoters contribution

$% Cost of *P0 preparation for 5rid Connected pro+ects by B*A

S"c)%i#8 !*%-s *+ IREDA a%" =i$"! >"*5&

.% E=uitable mortgage (-ortgage by deposit of title deeds) of all immovable propertiesG2% ypothecation of movable assets" both e4isting and future sub+ect to prior charge of

Ban1s on specified current assets>% 5uarantees by promoters6promoter *irectors and promoter companies$% *eposit of post dated che=ues in accordance 'ith repayment schedule of principal loan

amount and interest%

HUDCO&

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?*C@ also gives the term loan to the e4tent of 8#; of the pro+ect cost% Conditions of

?*C@ are given belo'D

or Bagasse6Bio9-ass Based Co9generation chemesD

Availability of bagasse and other secondary fuel (minimum .27;) of re=uirement for theproposed capacity of co9generation scheme

cheme may have provision for use of alternate fossil fuel such as coal as per -3E

norms%

*esign parameter should be for ; more than ?*C@s 0ate

of Interest 'hichever is higher%

&rac1 record of t'o successful crushing seasons of sugarcane 'ith no outstanding dues incane procurement and other goods in case of bagasse based co9generation pro+ect%

&he agency should not have been in loss during the last three financial years%

o'ever" in case of ne'ly formed borro'ing agencies" the proposal can be considered on

the financial strength of the pro+ect6parent company 'ith additional ris1 mitigationmeasures" such as" reduced debt e4posure or increased margin of security for loan% Insuch cases" the balance sheet of the parent company should be e4amined%

-ortgage6hypothecation of all pro+ect properties (land" building and plant , machinery and

e=uipment) for private agencies% &he total security cover should be minimum .7#; (li1ely to

be increased to .87;)of the loan amount 'hich shall include .27; (li1ely to be increased to

.7#;)cover to'ards prime security and minimum 27; in the form of collateral security (for

private sector schemes only)D

&he 27; collateral security cover can be through any or combination of the items indicated

belo'D

a% Cash deposits (minimum of .7; of loan amount)b% irst charge (pledge of e=uity shares of any other listed Company 6 hypothecation 6

mortgage) on personal properties of promoters%c% irst charge (pledge 6 hypothecation6 mortgage) on other unencumbered properties of

the company (other than pro+ect assets) or other un9encumbered properties of anyother person 6 company%

d% Pari9passu charge (hypothecation of movable properties and6or mortgage ofimmovable properties not financed by ?*C@) 'ith other lenders%

I! ai#i*! #* #?" a>*$"@ a="!c8 s?a +)%!is? #?" +**5i!=&

Personal guarantee of Promoters%

Corporate 5uarantee (if promoter is a Company)

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A letter of ?nderta1ing from the Agency to credit into the &0A all the 5ovt% subsidies

(including -3E subsidies) &his &0A account 'ill be under the control of ?*C@% Assignment of contractual rights" title" interest" benefit" claims under various pro+ect

documents" agreements and all licenses" permits" approvals and consents in respectof the pro+ect%

Po'er of Attorney to sell the pro+ect assets% Assignment of all insurance policies relating to the pro+ect up to the satisfaction of

?*C@% Pledging of 7.; of e=uity shares (if available) to ?*C@%

@pening of &rust and 0etention Account6Escro' Account as per ?*C@ norms 'ith

first charge on all receivables in ?*C@s favour% Corporate guarantee acceptable to ?*C@%

&he valuation of the properties should be done by a valuer recognied by the Income

&a4 *epartment 6 3ationalised Ban1s6 5overnment approved valuer for the purpose ofmortgage of the properties%

Post dated che=ues of the closely held Companies6irms6Association of persons%

1.; ASSAM GOVT POLICIES

-inistry of 3on Conventional Energy ources" 5ovt% of India" had given the guidelines on

po'er purchase by state electricity boards% Assam 5overnment is yet to announce the policy

based on the guidelines of -3E% Based on the pro+ected deficit of 22.-? for 2##%78 per unit"the cap ratef for the

sale of rene'able po'er to the grid can be fi4ed at 0s%>%7# per unit for a =uantum of 2##-?per annum%

1.7 ADVANTAGES OF BIOMASS BASED PO(ER PLANTS

Biomass based pro+ect situated in rural areas 'ill contribute the follo'ingD

J Employment 5eneration

J ocial Consideration

J Impact on 3ational Po'er

1.7.1 E-/*8-"!# G"!"%a#i*!

Biomass based po'er plant purely depends on the biomass collection% Biomass is obtained as

crop residue and agro industrial residue% As the biomass is having lo' bul1 density and needs

a scientific approach for collection unemployed youths can form a 35@ to collect the biomass

and sell the same to pro+ect% In nutshell biomass ban1 'ill be created% Biomass preparation

system follo'ed by transportation 'ill help the locals to be employed% Even po'er plant needs

the operating persons% &his plant 'ill 1eep the s1illed manpo'er hence the local youth are

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e4posed to the s1illed +obs% &here is an indirect employment generation" as more industries

'ill come up in the area" due to less problems of po'er in that location% ence there 'ill be

re=uirement of additional manpo'er%

1.7.2 S*cia C*!si"%a#i*!s

&he setting up of the proposed plant 'ill have a very positive impact on the purchasing

capacity of individuals as they 'ill be able to get money for the crop residue" 'hich at present

is either" burnt or too much under utilied%

1.7.3 I-/ac# *! Na#i*!a P*5"%

&oday most of the states are having distribution losses of more than 2#;% As the po'er is

available at local point" this po'er 'ill be e=uivalent to .2#; of the conventional po'er plant

generation% &his 'ill save the transmission losses and also assures the reliability in po'er

supply%

&he po'er generation from biomass plays an important role in supplementing the po'er

re=uirement in rural areas% &his po'er generation leads to decentralied po'er generation

and improves the general condition of rural masses% At present biomass is being used to

generate steam and po'er in agro industries li1e ugar Plants and rice mills% &he biomass is

also used as fodder" domestic fuel and left out is burnt in the open areas%

Biomass is produced as crop residue" agro industry residue and 'aste from barren and

uncultivable land and forests% Even though cattle also generate biomass as dung" the =uantity

is consumed as domestic fuel in combination 'ith 'ood%

Biomass consumption is ta1en for domestic fuel" cattle feed" manure" thatching etc% Biomass

is consumed in industry" to generate steam% &oday the surplus biomass is burnt in the open

fields due to non9availability of attractive proposal%

Biomass Based Po'er Plants 'ill get the benefit of C*-%

1. Ci-a#ic C?a!=" P%*>"- a! R"s/*!s"

1..1 T?" U!i#" Na#i*!s F%a-"5*% C*!$"!#i*! *! Ci-a#" C?a!="@ UNFCCC

In !une .2" the F?nited 3ations rame'or1 Convention on Climate ChangeH (?3CCC)

'as signed in 0io de !aneiro by over .7# nations% &he climate convention is the base or

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international co9operation 'ithin the climate change area% In the convention the climate

problems seriousness is stressed% &here is a concern that human activities are enhancing the

natural greenhouse effect" 'hich can have serious conse=uences on human settlements and

ecosystems% &he conventions overall ob+ective is the stabiliation of greenhouse gas

conncentrations in the atmosphere at a level that 'ould prevent dangerous anthropogenic

interference 'ith the climate system%H &he principle commitment applying to parties of the

convention is the adoption of policies and measures on the mitigation of climate change" by

limiting anthropogenic emissions 5lobal Environmental Concerns greenhouse gases and

protecting and enhancing greenhouse gas sin1s and reservoirs% &he commitment includes the

preparation and communication of national inventories of greenhouse gases% &he Climate

convention does not have any =uantitative targets or timetables for individual nations%

o'ever" the overall ob+ective can be interpreted as stabiliation of emissions of greenhouse

gases by year 2### at .# levels% &he deciding body of the climate convention is the

Conference of Parties (C@P)% At the C@P meetings" obligations made by the parties are

e4amined and the ob+ectives and implementation of the climate convention are further defined

and developed% &he first C@P 'as held in Berlin" 5ermany in .7 and the latest (C@P .#)

'as held in *ecember 2##$"Buenos Aires" Argentina%

1..2 T?" K8*#* P%*#*c*

&here is a scientific consensus that human activities are causing global 'arming that could

result in significant impacts such as sea level rise" changes in 'eather patterns and adverse

health effects% As it became apparent that ma+or nations such as the ?nited tates and !apan

'ould not meet the voluntary stabiliation target by 2###" Parties to the Convention decided in

.7 to enter into negotiations on a protocol to establish legally binding limitations or

reductions in greenhouse gas emissions% It 'as decided by the Parties that this round of

negotiations 'ould establish limitations only for the developed countries" including the formerCommunist countries (called anne4 A countries)% 3egotiations on the yoto Protocol to the

?nited 3ations rame'or1 Convention on Climate Change (?3CCC) 'ere completed

*ecember .." .8" committing the industrialied nations to specify" legally binding reductions

in emissions of si4 greenhouse gases% &he < ma+or greenhouse gases covered by the protocol

are carbon dio4ide (C@2)" methane (C$)" nitrous o4ide (32@)" hydro fluorocarbons (Cs)"

per fluorocarbons (PCs)" and sulfur h4afluoride (

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&he ?nited tates 'ould be obligated under the Protocol to a cumulative reduction in its

greenhouse gas emissions of 8; belo' .# levels for three greenhouse gases (including

carbon dio4ide)" and belo' .7 levels for the three man9made gases" averaged over the

commitment period 2##: to 2#.2%

&he Protocol states that developed countries are committed" individually or +ointly" to ensuring

that their aggregate anthropogenic carbon dio4ide e=uivalent emissions of greenhouse gases

do not e4ceed amounts assigned to each country 'ith a vie' to reducing their overall

emissions of such gases by at least 7; belo' .# levels in the commitment period 2##: to

2#.2% &he amounts for each country are listed as percentages of the base year" .# and

range from 2; (a reduction of :;) for most European countries99to ..#; (an increase of

.#;) for Iceland%

D"$"*/i!= C*)!#%8 R"s/*!si>ii#i"s

Another problematic area is that the treaty is ambiguous regarding the e4tent to 'hich

developing nations 'ill participate in the effort to limit global emissions% &he original .2

climate treaty made it clears that" 'hile the developed nations most responsible for the current

buildup of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere should ta1e the lead in combating climate

changeG developing nations also have a role to play in protecting the global climate%

*eveloping countries" including India and China" do not have to commit to reductions in this

first time period because their per9capita emissions are much lo'er than those of developed

countries" and their economies are less able to absorb the initial costs of changing to cleaner

fuels% &hey have not contributed significantly to todays levels of pollution that has been the

product of the developed 'orlds Industrial 0evolution% &he idea is that developing countries

'ill be brought more actively into the agreement as ne' energy technologies develops and as

they industrialie further%A!!" I a! A!!" II Pa%#i"s

Anne4 I parties are countries 'hich have commitments according to the yoto protocol% &he

entire Anne4 I parties are listed in the &able %. belo'% urther Anne4 I parties sho'n in bold

are also called Anne4 II parties% &hese Anne4 II parties have a special obligation to provide

Fne' and additional financial sourcesH to developing countries (non Anne4 I) to help them

tac1le climate change" as 'ell as to facilitate the transfer of climate friendly technologies to

both developing countries and to economies in transition% Commitments are presented as

percentage of base year emission levels to be achieved during bet'een 2##: 2#.2%

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Ac#i*!s %")i%" +%*- "$"*/" a! "$"*/i!= Na#i*!s

&he yoto Protocol does call on all Parties (developed and developing) to ta1e a number of

steps to formulate national and regional programs to improve Klocal emission factors"H activity

data" models" and national inventories of greenhouse gas emissions and sin1s that remove

these gases from the atmosphere% All Parties are also committed to formulate" publish" and

update climate change mitigation and adaptation measures" and to cooperate in promotion

and transfer of environmentally sound technologies and in scientific and technical research on

the climate system%

(?* is >*)! >8 #?" K8*#* P%*#*c*

&he yoto Protocol has to be signed and ratified by 77 countries (including those responsible

for at least 77; of the developed 'orlds .# carbon dio4ide emissions) before it can enter

into force% 3o' that 0ussia has ratified" this been achieved and the Protocol 'ill enter into

force on .< ebruary 2##7%

1..3 I!ias G%""!?*)s" Gas E-issi*!s

India has e4perienced a dramatic gro'th in fossil fuel C@2 emissions" and the data compiled

by various agencies sho's an increase of nearly 7% ; since .7#% At present India is rated

as the tons per annum is 'ell belo' the 'orld average of >%:8

tons per annum% ossil fuel emissions in India continue to result largely from coal burning%

India is highly vulnerable to climate change as its economy is heavily reliant on climate

sensitive sectors li1e agriculture and forestry% &he vast lo'9lying and densely populated

coastline is susceptible to rise in sea level% &he energy sector is the largest contributor of

carbon dio4ide emissions in India% &he national inventory of greenhouse gases indicates that

77; of the total national emissions come from energy sector% &hese include emissions from

road transportG burning of traditional bio9mass fuels" coal mining" and fugitive emissions fromoil and natural gas% Agriculture sector constitutes the ne4t ma+or contributor" accounting for

nearly >$;% &he emissions under this sector include those from enteric fermentation in

domestic animals" manure management" rice cultivation" and burning of agriculture residues%

Emissions from Industrial sector mainly came from cement production%

I!ia! R"s/*!s" #* Ci-a#ic C?a!="

?nder the ?3CCC" developing countries such as India do not have binding 55 mitigation

commitments in recognition of their small contribution to the greenhouse problem as 'ell as

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lo' financial and technical capacities% &he -inistry of Environment and orests is the nodal

agency for climate change issues in India% It has constituted /or1ing 5roups on the ?3CCC

and yoto Protocol% /or1 is currently in progress on Indias initial 3ational Communication

(3A&C@-) to the ?3CCC% India ratified the yoto Protocol in 2##2%

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1..4 T?" C*!+"%"!c" *+ #?" Pa%#i"s 9COP:

&he Conference of the Parties is the supreme body of the Climate Change Convention% &he

vast ma+ority of the 'orlds countries are members (.:7 as of !uly 2##.)% &he Convention

enters into force for a country # days after that country ratifies it% &he C@P held its first

session in .7 and 'ill continue to meet annually unless decided other'ise% o'ever"

various subsidiary bodies that advise and support the C@P meet more fre=uently% &he

Convention states that the C@P must periodically e4amine the obligations of the Parties and

the institutional arrangements under the Convention% It should do this in light of the

Conventions ob+ective" the e4perience gained in its implementation" and the current state of

scientific 1no'ledge%

Ec?a!=" *+ I!+*%-a#i*!

&he C@P assesses information about policies and emissions that the Parties share 'ith each

other through their national communications% It also promotes and guides the development

and periodic refinement of comparable methodologies" 'hich are needed for =uantifying net

greenhouse gas emissions and evaluating the effectiveness of measures to limit them% Based

on the information available" the C@P assesses the Parties efforts to meet their treaty

commitments and adopts and publishes regular reports on the Conventions implementation%

S)//*%# +*% D"$"*/i!= c*)!#%i"s

*eveloping countries need support so that they can submit their national communications"

adapt to the adverse effects of climate change" and obtain environmentally sound

technologies% &he C@P therefore oversees the provision of ne' and additional resources by

developed countries% &he third session of the Conference of the Parties adopted the yoto

Protocol%

1..' T?" F"i>" M"c?a!is-s

&he yoto protocol gives the Anne4 I countries the option to fulfill a part of their commitments

through three Ffle4ible mechanismsH% &hrough these mechanisms" a country can fulfill a part of

their emissions reductions in another country or buy emission allo'ances from another

country% &here are three fle4ible mechanismsD

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i% Emissions trading

ii% !oint implementation

iii% Clean development mechanism

i: E-issi*!s #%ai!=

Article .8 of the yoto protocol opens up for emissions trading bet'een countries that have

made commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions% &he countries have the option to

delegate this right of emissions trading to companies or other organisations%In a system for

emissions trading" the total amount of emissions permitted is pre9defined% &he corresponding

emissions allo'ances are then issued to the emitting installations through auction or issued

freely% &hrough trading" installations 'ith lo' costs for reductions are stimulated to ma1e

reductions and sell their surplus of emissions allo'ances to organiations 'here reductions

are more e4pensive% Both the selling and buying company 'ins on this fle4ibility that trade

offers 'ith positive effects on economy" resource efficiency and climate% &he environmental

advantage is that one 1no's" in advance" the amount of greenhouse gases that 'ill be

emitted% &he economical advantage is that the reductions are done 'here the reduction costs

are the lo'est% &he system allo's for a cost effective 'ay to reach a predefined target and

stimulates environmental technology development%

i: *i!# I-/"-"!#a#i*!@ I

?nder article < of the yoto protocol an Anne4 I country that has made a commitment for

reducing greenhouse gases" can offer to" or obtain from another Anne4 I country greenhouse

gas emissions reductions% &hese emissions reductions shall come from pro+ects 'ith the

ob+ectives to reduce anthropogenic emissions from sources or increase the anthropogenic

upta1e in sin1s% In order to be accepted as !I9pro+ects" the pro+ects have to be accepted by

both parties in advance% It also has to be proven that the pro+ects 'ill lead to emissionsreductions that are higher than 'hat other'ise 'ould have been obtained% !I9pro+ects are an

instrument for one industrial country to invest in another industrial country and in return obtain

emissions reductions% &hese reductions can be used to help fulfill their o'n reduction

commitments at a lo'er cost than if they had to do the reductions in their o'n country%

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C"a! D"$"*/-"!# M"c?a!is- 9CDM:

Article .2 of the yoto protocol defines the Clean *evelopment -echanism" C*-% &he

purpose of C*- is toD

a) Contribute to sustainable development in developing countriesG

b) elp Anne4 I9countries under the yoto Protocol to meet their target%

/ith the help of C*-" countries 'hich have set themselves an emission reduction target

under the yoto Protocol (Anne4 I countries) can contribute to the financing of pro+ects in

developing countries (non9Anne4 I countries)" 'hich do not have a reduction target% &hese

pro+ects should reduce the emission of greenhouse gases 'hile contributing to the sustainable

development of the host country involved% &he achieved emission reductions can be

purchased by the Anne4 I country in order to meet its reduction target%

In order to be accepted as C*-9pro+ects" the pro+ects have to be accepted by both parties in

advance% It also has to be proven that the pro+ects 'ill lead to emissions reductions that are

higher than 'hat other'ise 'ould have been obtained% &he difference bet'een !I9pro+ects and

C*-9pro+ects is that !I9pro+ects are done bet'een countries that both have commitments"

'hile the C*-9pro+ects is bet'een one country that has commitments and another country

that does not have commitments% Emissions reductions that have been done through C*-9

pro+ects during the period 2### to 2##8 can be used for fulfilling commitments in Anne4 I

countries for the period 2##:92#.2%

H*5 CDM 5*%s

An investor from a developed country" can invest in" or provide finance for a pro+ect in a

developing country that reduces greenhouse gas emissions so that they are lo'er than they

'ould have been 'ithout the e4tra investment i%e% compared to 'hat 'ould have happened

'ithout the C*- under a business as usual outcome% &he investor then gets credits carbon

credits 9 for the reductions and can use those credits to meet their yoto target% If the C*-

'or1s perfectly it 'ill not result in more or less emission reductions being achieved than 'ere

agreed under the yoto Protocol" it 'ill simply change the location in 'hich some of the

reductions 'ill happen% or e4ample" a rench company needs to reduce its emissions as part

of its contribution to meeting rances emission reduction target under the yoto Protocol%

Instead of reducing emissions from its o'n activities in rance" the company provides funding

for the construction of a ne' biomass plant in India that 'ould not have been able to go ahead

'ithout this investment% &his" they argue" prevents the construction of ne' fossil9fueled plants

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in India" or displaces consumption of electricity from e4isting ones" leading to 5lobal

Environmental Concerns reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in India% &he rench investor

gets credit for those reductions and can use them to help meet their reduction target in

rance%

1..< R")i%"-"!#s +*% Pa%#ici/a#i!= i! CDM

P%*,"c# C8c" +*% CDM

5lobal Environmental Concerns /hile investors profit from C*- pro+ects by obtaining

reductions at costs lo'er than in their o'n countries" the gains to the developing country host

parties are in the form of finance" technology" and sustainable development benefits% Pro+ects

starting in the year 2### are eligible to earn Certified Emission 0eductions (CE0s) if they lead

to Kreal" measurable" and long9termK 55 reductions" 'hich are additional to any that 'ould

occur in the absence of the C*- pro+ect% &his includes afforestation and reforestation pro+ects"

'hich lead to the se=uestration of carbon dio4ide% At C@P98" it 'as decided that the follo'ing

types of pro+ects 'ould =ualify for fast9trac1 approval proceduresD

9 0ene'able energy pro+ects 'ith output capacity up to .7 -/

9 Energy efficiency improvement pro+ects" 'hich reduce energy consumption on the supply

and6or demand side by up to .7 5/h annually

9 @ther pro+ect activities that both reduce emissions by sources and directly emit less than .7

1ilotons C@2 e=uivalent annually%

&he C*- 'ill be supervised by an e4ecutive board" and a share of the proceeds from pro+ect

activities 'ill be used to assist developing countries in meeting the costs of adaptation to

climate change%

I!ia! I!i#ia#i$"s *! CDM

5overnment of India has been 'illing to fulfill its responsibility under the C*-% It has

developed an interim criterion for approval of C*- pro+ect activities" 'hich is no' available to

sta1eholders% It has underta1en various capacity building activities li1e holding of 'or1shops"

initiation of various studies" and briefing meeting 'ith the sta1eholders% India has been actively

participating in the C*- regime and has already approved pro+ects for further development%

?nder C*-" pro+ects such as energy efficient hydrocarbon refrigerators" moderniation of

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small scale foundry units and renovation" moderniation of thermal po'er stations etc% are

being ta1en up%

1..; P%*#*#8/" Ca%>*! F)! 9PCF:

0ecogniing that global 'arming 'ill have the most impact on its borro'ing client countries"

the /orld Ban1 approved the establishment of the Prototype Carbon und (PC)% &he PC is

intended to invest in pro+ects that 'ill produce high =uality greenhouse gas emission

educations that could be registered 'ith the ?nited 3ations rame'or1 Convention on Climate

Change ?3CCC) for the purposes of the yoto Protocol% &o increase the li1elihood that the

ductions 'ill be recognied by the Parties to the ?3CCC" independent e4perts 'ill follo'

validation" verification and certification procedures that respond to ?3CCC rules as they

develop% &he PC 'ill pilot production of emission reductions 'ithin the frame'or1 of !oint

Implementation (!I) and the Clean *evelopment -echanism (C*-)% &he PC 'ill invest

contributions made by companies and governments in pro+ects designed to produce emission

reductions fully consistent 'ith the yoto Protocol and the emerging frame'or1 for !I and the

C*-% Contributors" or KParticipantsK in the PC" 'ill receive a pro rata share of the emission

reductions" verified and certified in accordance 'ith agreements reached 'ith the respective

countries KhostingK the pro+ects%

1..7 Si" *+ Ma%"# +*% E-issi*!s R")c#i*!s

M All estimates of mar1et volume are speculative at this early stage in the mar1ets

development%

M @ne 'ay of loo1ing at the potential sie of the mar1et is to assume that about one billion

tonnes of carbon emissions must be reduced per year during the commitment period of 2##:9

2#.2 in order for the industrialied countries to meet their obligations of a 7; reduction in their

.# levels of emissions%

?nder Prototype carbon fund programme of the /orld Ban1% 5overnment of India has

approved a municipal solid 'aste energy pro+ect for implementation in Chennai" 'hich

proposes to use the state of art technology for e4tracting energy from any solid 'aste

irrespective of the energy content% -any industrial organiations in the private sector have

also sought assistance under this fund%

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SIGNIFICANCE OF CDM

Achieve sustainable development

0educe impact on environment

Additional stream of income through sale of emission reductions

Contributes for rural development

0educe pollution levels

&echnology improvement

Improves economics of pro+ect

elps developed countries to achieve their emission reduction commitments

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2. DEMAND ANALYSIS AND USTIFICATION OF THE PROECT

2.0 INTRODUCTION

It is a 'ell91no'n fact that electricity is the most essential input for gro'th and development of

any state% Assam is planning to gro' rapidly in both the industrial and agricultural sectors and

conse=uently the demand for po'er is on the rise% o'ever" the gro'th in installed po'er

generating capacity has not 1ept pace 'ith the pro+ected demand%

2.1 PO(ER SECTOR REFORMS IN ASSAM

5ovt% of Assam decided to reforms its Po'er ector 'ith the ob+ective of creating conditions

for sustainable development of the Po'er ector and improving efficiency and =uality ofservice to the consumers by allo'ing private participation in the tate Po'er ector%

&he 5ovt% of Assam established Assam Electricity 0egulatory Commission (AE0C)% to

regulate the functioning of the Po'er ector on sound commercial principles" to safeguard the

interests of the Consumers in respect of =uality" reliability and fair price for electricity and to

set cost and efficiency based tariff to ensure credit 'orthiness and viability of the Po'er ector

so as to progressively eliminate tariff distortions and subsidies% &he Commission is fully

functional and regulating the tate Po'er ector utilities%

Assam state 'ith *ispur as its capital has an area of 8:"$>: s=% m and a population of

22%$ million% Administratively it is divided into 2> districts comprising of :8 to'ns and 2:"7#

villages (as per .. census)%

&he state is predominantly agrarian 'ith : percent of the population being rural% About

; of its population is engaged in agriculture and allied activities" of 'hich tea plantationis the most important% Assam is endo'ed 'ith rich mineral resources% It has reserves of

coal" limestone" petroleum and natural gas%

2.2 G%*5#? *+ P*5"% S"c#*%

ignificant gro'th in Po'er ector in the tate 'ith the establishment of the tate

Electricity Board too1 place% Apart from building up installed capacity of 77$ -/ as on >.st

-arch .8 as against .>2 -/ in .87" electricity is e4tended to ."#. out of 2$".st -arch .8 as against

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.# in .87% AEB is serving ".."7.$ consumers as on >#th !une" 2##. 9 up from

8".2"8.$ consumers as on >.st -arch .8 and ."#:" in .87% &he per capita

consumption in the tate over the last t'o decades is summaried briefly in the table

belo'D

Pa%#ic)a%s 1;' 12 77$

Energy Available (-?) 77< 2">1v , above) (-NA)

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3orth Eastern Electric Po'er Corporation (3EEPC@)" a 5overnment of India Corporation"

'as established in .8< for establishing and operating hydro and thermal po'er plants 'ith

transmission net'or1 in the 3orth9eastern region supplementing the efforts of the tates in

po'er development in the region%

Po'er 5rid Corporation of India (P5CIL)" a 5overnment of India Corporation" 'as

established in .: for planning" construction and operation of central transmission system

in the country had ta1en over the transmission net'or1 of 3EEPC@ in the region% P5CIL

has been made responsible for ma+or 'or1s in the future in transmission sector%

Independent Po'er Producers (IPP) such as *L has also started operating since .8 in

the southern part of the tate 'ith a total installed capacity of 2$%7 -/%

LIST OF CAPTIVE PO(ER PLANTS IN ASSAM.

S.N*. C*-/a!8 I!)s#%8 F)" Ca/aci#8 L*ca#i*!

.% industan PaperCorp%" !agiroad

Paper Coal 24.7 -/ !agiroad" *ist93agaon

2% industan PaperCorp%" Panchgram

Paper Coal 24.7 -/ Panchgram" *ist9Cachar

>% Bongaigaon 0efinery, Petro ChemicalsLtd%

@il @il65as >4.< -/ *haligaon" *ist9Bongaigaon

$% @il India Ltd%*ulia+an

@il 5as 24.7 -/

24> -/

*ulia+an" *ist9&insu1ia

-oran" *ist9ibsagar%

7% industan ertilierCorp% 3amrup

ertilier 5as .42# -/

.48 -/

24. -/

3amrup" *ist9*ibrugarh

4:%7 -/ *igboi" *ist9&insu1ia

:% @35C Ltd%0udrasagar

@il ,3atural5as

5as 24> -/ 0udrasagar" *ist9ibsagar

% @35C Ltd% 5ele1y @il ,

3atural5as

5as >4> -/ 5ele1y" *ist9

ibsagar%

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.#% @35C Ltd% La1'a @il ,3atural5as

5as >4> -/ La1'a" *ist9ibsagar

..% Assam Industrial

*ev% Corp% ac1craft Pro+ect

Paper Coal .47 -/

(closed)

*hing" *ist"

3agaon

.2% -6s% Prag Bosimiynthetics Ltd%ipa+har

Polyesteribre

*iesel 24.%< -/

$42%8 -/

ipa+har" *ist9*arrang

.>% Asho1 Paper -ills"!ogighopa"

Paper *iesel .4:%> -/

not underoperation

!ogighopa" *ist9Bongaigaon

.$% CCI" Bo1a+an Cement *iesel .4$ -/ Bo1a+an" *ist9

arbi Anglong.7% 3umaligarh 0efinery

Ltd% 5olaghat@il 5as

*iesel

24>$ -/

.4.%.8 -NA

3umaligarh" *ist9!orhat%

..st -arch 2##2 is 78$%$ -/% In addition to its o'n

installed capacity" the tate has a share of 2:: -/ from Central ector 5enerating tations

o'ned by 3EEPC@ and 3PC% Besides this" the tate has also 2$%7 -/ of private po'er (IPP)

generation% &he total capacity thus available for the tate is ::

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GENERATION

Assam State Electricty Board has four major Thermal Generating Stations

I!s#a" Ca/aci#8

STATION BTPS CTPS LTPS NTPS MOBILE HYDRO

CAPACI& 2$#%# >%7 .:% 2%#

?nit9'ise details areD

B&PD $ 4 # -/ @il fired team &urbine%

L&PD $ 4 .7 -/ O > 4 2# -/ 5as &urbine%

3&PD > 4 2> -/ O . 4 .2%7 -/ 5as &urbine O . 4 ># -/ 5as fired team &urbine O . 4

22 -/ /aste eat 0ecovery ?nit%

-obileD > 4 2%8 O $ 4 2%8 -/

ydroD 2%# -/

&otal generating capacityD 78$%$ -/

T8/" *+ I!s#a" Ca/aci#8

T8/" *+ G"!"%a#i*! M(

ydro 2%#

Coal 2$#%#

@il

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2." ""c#%i+i"

. 5oalpara 8$7 8#< >

2 *hubri ."2:$ ."#78 228

> o1ra+har 2> :> :$

$ Bongaigaon :7: :.< $2

7 *arang .">2: ."2.: ..#

< onitpur ." :## >

amrup .">## ."2>$ 8

.2 ibsagar :8> :.8 7 5olaghat ."#7 $2 8#< .".>< .8#

2. &insu1ia .".>< :27 >..

22 arbi Anglong 2"72# ."#> ."$:.

2> 3% C% ills 788 2.: -? 'hich averages to 28%>

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2.7 NEED FOR THE PROECT

&he deficit in the installed capacity as 'ell as in the energy availability as discussed in the

previous paragraphs is li1ely to increase in future unless corrective measures are planned

right no'% &his provides ample +ustification for the installation of .. -/ po'er plant at !agi

0oad in -ayong Circle of -arigaon district in Assam% After considering around one -/ forinternal consumption(au4iliaries etc)" a net =uantum of .# -/ 'ill be in+ected to the AEB

grid% &his po'er plant is environmental friendly and can be claimed for carbon credit%

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3. BIOMASS POTENTIAL

3.0 INTRODUCTION

Amrit Bio Energy and Industries Limited has planned to set up a .. -/ independent biomass

based po'er plant 'ith rice hus1 as fuel at !agi 0oad in -ayong circle of -origaon district in

Assam% &his po'er plant is consisting of one traveling grate boiler of 7# &P capacity

operating at %. BL@C I3 A-0?P , -@0I5A@3 *I&0IC&

Ka-%)/ Dis#%ic# M*%i=a*! Dis#%ic#

ual1uchi -ayong

a+o -oriabari

5oroimari Laharighat

Chhaygaon Bhurbandha

Chandrapur apili

*imoria

Chayani Barduar

Bo1o

BongaonChamaria

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Ka-%)/ Dis#%ic# M*%i=a*! Dis#%ic#

0ani

0ampur

Beeraamalpur

0angia

5ores'ar

Bihdia !a+i1ona

3.1 DISTRICT PROFILE

KAMRUP DISTRICT

amrup *istrict is the Capital *istrict of Assam% It is situated bet'een 27%$>Q and 2

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Assam does not have the normal Indian hot" dry season% ome rain occurs from -arch

on'ards" but the real force of the monsoon 'inds is faced from !une on'ard% 0ainfall in

Assam ran1s among the highest in the 'orldG its annual rainfall varies from 8# inches in the

'est to .2# inches per year in the east% Large concentrated during the months from !une to

eptemberG it often results in 'idespread destructive floods% -uch of the state is covered 'ith

dense tropical forests of bamboo and" at higher elevations" evergreens% Common animals of

Assam include the elephant" tiger" leopard" rhinoceros" and bear%

KAMRUP DISTRICT

&his district generally e4periences ub tropical 'ith semi 9dry summer , cold in 'inter

e4treme conditions% &he ma4imum and minimum temperature in the district is around >:%7Q Cand 8Q C% &he annual rainfall in the district ranges bet'een .7## mm to 2

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&his district is having urban population of >8:: , rural population of 8>:2:2< and female population is >88>>#% &his district is having

population density of $7< s=% 1ms" 'ith se4 ratio of $< for .### males%

3.1.4 A=%ic)#)%"

3.1.4.1 La! Cassi+ica#i*!

&he classification of geographical area under different categories of land utilised is stated in

the table belo'D

3.2 La! Cassi+ica#i*! 9A%"a i! H"c#a%"s:

Pa%#ic)a%s Ka-%)/ M*%i=a*! TOTAL5eographical Area $$

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C%*/ Na-" 20040' 200304 200203 200102 200001

!ute 22# 22$ 2.: 2.: 22$

Castor # # # # #5round 3ut # # # # #

@ther Pulses >: $$ > 282#

-aie ..# ..# : ..7 .#.

Arhar .# .# $ < #

ugarcane >7 >< : >#> $>#: $>#: $2$ $: 72

ugarcane 2# 27 2# 2$ 7$

!ute .## < .## $ .##

Castor 2 2 # $ #

5round 3ut 28 .$ .# .$ #

@ther Pulses 2## .:$ .

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C%*/ Na-" 20040' 200304 200203 200102 200001

Paddy .8>2 .

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C%*/ Na-" 20040' 200304 200203 200102 200001

ugarcane # 2# .2 .:

!ute 7 7 < # 78$ .>7$ .>$#< .>>>#> 222 >2$ 2:$ 2.:

Arhar .$ # .# .2 .

ugarcane

Castor # # # # #

5round 3ut # # # 2: 2#

@ther Pulses >>: >2$ >2$ >.< >2$

G*%"s5a%

Paddy ..2>> ..>#< ..2>:

-aie 2$ .: .< .: $ 2$ .: 27

ugarcane .: 2$

!ute 7$8 72$ $:$ >.:

Castor # # # # #

5round 3ut 2 >$ 2$ .: 2#

@ther Pulses .#> ..2 ... : ..2

Bi?ia a,i*!a

Paddy 28: 2:7: 2:.# 2:8# 2:#:-aie 8 < < < .22 ... 227 >72# >$$7

/heat .$7 .$$ ..: .$7 ...

5ram $. $# 2# >: .:

easumum >> >< 2$ >7 7 >:$ >:7 >2$ >2$

@ther @ilseeds 2 $ < < :7. >::.: >::2$

/heat .>#. .2:< .2.# .2:: .22$

5ram $# $# .: >< .:

easumum 22: 2.: 2.# 2.: 2.7 .: ..2 .>7 .2$

-ustard ..$ $.: ..$ 72$

@ther @ilseeds $: $.: $.# $:$ >

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C%*/ Na-" 20040' 200304 200203 200102 200001

Negetables $:7 $>: >$2.: >$22:/heat .$ 2: .: 2$ 2$

Linseed # < < < :

Linseed : < # < . $$.: $$2. $7.< $>2.

/heat $ 72$

5ram .2. ..: < :: : $$ $$ >< $#

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C%*/ Na-" 20040' 200304 200203 200102 200001

Linseed # # # < 2$ >.$ 2:: 2:$ 22$

K?a%i+ T*#a 3'202 34'7' 34013 34'30 3372$7 .22:

/heat >87 >:$ 2:7 >#. 2::

5ram .$ .: 2$ . 2$

easumum 2$7 .:: 2.$ .$ 2.:

Linseed ..# < < # :2$ :2 2:: 22$ >.:

5ram .## :7 :< :: 8$

easumum .:# .< .$$ .>2 .:

Linseed 82 82 8$ 8: 8$

-ustard >>. >2$ >2$ >.: >2$

@ther @ilseeds $< $< :$ .:

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C%*/ Na-" 20040' 200304 200203 200102 200001

Negetables >## 2.: 2.# 2:: >#$

B?)%>a!?a

Paddy .>:22 .>:.< .>:.$ .>:##/heat .$ ..: $#$ >:$

Linseed 7 $ : 8: 2

-ustard 78: 7.< 78 >#2$ >#>: >#2$ >#.$

/heat .#$ : 8: .#7 : 2$ 7

Ra>i T*#a

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Pa%#ic)a%s Ka-%)/ M*%i=a*!

Poultry .$78.::

T*#a 24 unil 0ice -ill

3.1.

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Biomass assessment 'as carried out in full amrup and -origaon district% or study" bloc1s

falling in amrup and -origaon districts are considered%

3.2.1 D"-*=%a/?ic F"a#)%"s

Circle 'ise population" households for amrup and -origaon districts are given belo'%

3.< D"-*=%a/?ic F"a#)%"s

Ci%c" Na-" H*)s"?* P*/)a#i*!

Ka-%)/ Dis#%ic#

5ores'ar >#88# .827822#7 .:#8:.

Chhaygaon >: >88$$872 2#>

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3.2.2 C%*//i!= Pa##"%!&

&he season 'ise , crop 'ise cropping pattern for five years for the bloc1s covered 'ithin the

amrup and -origaon district are given belo'%

3.2.3 B*c 5is" C%*//i!= /a##"%! i! ?"c#a%"s

&he main crops gro'n in the districts are /heat" Paddy" !ute" -ustard etc%

3.; C%*//i!= /a##"%! 9A%"a i! Ha:

S"as*! 20040' 200304 200203 200102 200001

Ka-%)/ Dis#%ic#harif ..##$8 .#78: .#7>> .#7#.. .#$..

0abi .#7#8. .#287$ .#.8#< .#22>

T*#a 21'117 207''2 20;04' 20;2 $$2 .# 2# .. >#

Arhar .> .> .< .$ .< 2$ >: 2

Arhar >7 2$ 2# .: .:

ugarcane 7# 7$ 72 2$ >2# >.: >.:

Castor ..2 ..# .## ..$

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C%*/ Na-" 20040' 200304 200203 200102 200001

!ute 7$8 72$ $:$ >.:

Castor # # # # #

5round 3ut 2 >$ 2$ .: 2#@ther Pulses .#> ..2 ... : ..2

Bi?ia a,i*!a

Paddy 28: 2:7: 2:.# 2:8# 2:#:

-aie 8 < < < .22 ... < .:

easumum 22: 2.: 2.# 2.: 2.7 .: ..2 .>7 .2$-ustard ..$ $.: ..$ 72$

@ther @ilseeds $: $.: $.# $:$ >: >$2.: >$22:

/heat .$ 2: .: 2$ 2$

Linseed # < < < :

Linseed : < # < .:

5ram .## :7 :< :: 8$

easumum .:# .< .$$ .>2 .:

Linseed 82 82 8$ 8: 8$

-ustard >>. >2$ >2$ >.: >2$

@ther @ilseeds $< $< :$ .: ## 2.: 2.# 2:: >#$

B?)%>a!?a

Paddy .>:22 .>:.< .>:.$ .>:##

/heat .$ ..: $#$ >:$

Linseed 7 $ : 8: 2

-ustard 78: 7.< 78 >#2$ >#>: >#2$ >#.$

/heat .#$ : 8: .#7 : 2$ 7

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C%*/ Na-" 20040' 200304 200203 200102 200001

Ra>i T*#a

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S.N. Na-" *+ Ric" Mi

M*%i=a*! Dis#%ic#

. Anand 0ice -ill

2 -anhat 0ice -ill> unil 0ice -ill

3.2.'.2 Sa5 Mis&

&here are around $8 a'mills in the amrup district and .> sa'mills in -origaon district%

&hese sa'mills are getting 'ood from the near by villages% &he main species are Babool"

seasum" 1he+edi etc% &he sa' mills are generating 'ood chips and sa' dust%

3.3 FINDING FROM HOUSEHOLD SURVEY

&o arrive consumption around

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

65/199


Ca#"=*%8 Mi! Ma A$=. HH

Crop 0esidue #%7 > . 2.%#>

*ung Ca1e > 2# .. 2>%2$

erosene (Lit6-onth) 2 < $ >:%8

LP5 (Cylinders6-onth) #%7 .%7 #% 82%

Electricity (1/h6&'o -onth) .72 .87 . .%8

-aie tal1 2%.< 2%:< 2%>7

3.4 Bi*-ass G"!"%a#i*!

&he ma+or sources of biomass generation are from Crop residues" 'astelands and forestry"

and Agro industry residues% Biomass is categoried into suitable for fodder and also not

suitable for fodder% Enough care has been ta1en to not to use the fodder material for po'er

plant%

3.' C%*/ R"si)"s

E4tensive survey 'as carried out to establish the yields and crop residue ratios% &his

information is gathered from the village heads" and literature% Estimates 'ere made based on

the field data and agriculture department data%

&he biomass generated is classified into the biomass suitable for fodder and also for burning%

Biomass generated 'as estimated on the average values of yields and crop residue ratios%

Bloc1 'ise biomass 5eneration for season 'ise is given in the follo'ing table%

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

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3.11 B*c 5is" C%*/ %"si)" ="!"%a#i*!

C%*/ Na-" A%"a 9?a:

Yi"9T6?a:

P%*)c#i*!9T*!s:

R"si)" T8/" CRR G"!"%a#i*!9T*!s:

KAMRUP DISTRICT

"uakuchi

Kharif

Paddy $$: .%. ::.%#8

/heat 8 tra' .%>< 7.%.$

5ram .$ #%7< 8%:$ tal1s .%#2 :%##

easumum 7$ #%7 >.%:< tal1s .%7. $:%..

Linseed $: #%$: 2>%#$ tal1s .%$> >2%7

-ustard 7#> .%#. 7#:%#> tal1s .%

@ther @ilseeds 7 #%7> 2%%8%>2 tra' . .#:>%>2

TOTAL 21> >2## #%8> 2.%# tal1s .%:< $#%8>

Cobs #%> .2%.7

ugarcane $2 >:%$> .

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

67/199


C%*/ Na-" A%"a 9?a:

Yi"9T6?a:

P%*)c#i*!9T*!s:

R"si)" T8/" CRR G"!"%a#i*!9T*!s:

&rash #%#$ #%## tal1s .%:> 2>7%$8

Castor $ #%: >%7< tal1s .%2> $%>:

5round 3ut # .%#> #%## tal1s .%8: #%##

@ther Pulses :88 #%7> $< >:%7$

5ram 22 #%7< .2%>2 tal1s .%#2 .2%78

easumum .88 #%7 .#$%$> tal1s .%7. .78%:%:: tal1s .%$> 77%# tra' . 7.%>#

TOTAL 37;03.1 47;.14

$oroi%ari

KharifPaddy 2:. >>.%277 .%#> >

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

68/199


C%*/ Na-" A%"a 9?a:

Yi"9T6?a:

P%*)c#i*!9T*!s:

R"si)" T8/" CRR G"!"%a#i*!9T*!s:

Linseed :. #%$: >:%:: tal1s .%$> 77%. : 2.# tra' .%>< 2$%.8

5ram .# #%7< 7%%7$ tal1s .%7. 7%>7

Linseed 77 #%$: 2 >8%87

-ustard # .%#. #%# tal1s .% >%87 tal1s .%$2 7

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

69/199


C%*/ Na-" A%"a 9?a:

Yi"9T6?a:

P%*)c#i*!9T*!s:

R"si)" T8/" CRR G"!"%a#i*!9T*!s:

Arhar # #%7 #%## tal1s .%#> #%##

ugarcane 2 >:%$> 8%8$ tal1s .%:> #%##

5round 3ut # .%#> #%## tal1s .%8: #%##

@ther Pulses ># #%7> .7%# tal1s .%#. .%## tra' .%>. 2>$:%:>

/heat ># .%#> >#%# tra' .%>< $2%#2

5ram # #%7< #%## tal1s .%#2 #%##

easumum # #%7 #%## tal1s .%7. #%##

Linseed .# #%$: $%:# tal1s .%$> # .%#. >#%># tal1s .% .%#< tal1s .%$2 .%7.

Negetables 2## .%$< 22%## tra' . 22%##

TOTAL 42'> % >#%>

ugarcane 2# >:%$> 8$2%2.

Castor 2 #%: .%8: tal1s .%2> 2%.

5round 3ut 28 .%#> 28%:. tal1s .%8: $%7#

@ther Pulses 2## #%7> .#< .8#%#

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

70/199


C%*/ Na-" A%"a 9?a:

Yi"9T6?a:

P%*)c#i*!9T*!s:

R"si)" T8/" CRR G"!"%a#i*!9T*!s:

5ram 7# #%7< 2:%## tal1s .%#2 2:%7 >%$>

-ustard .#7 .%#. .#%27 tal1s .%$2 .:%:2

Negetables .2## .%$< .872%## tra' . .872%##

TOTAL 170''.41 2243'.2 .%. .#2:%77

/heat .:. .%#> .: tra' .%>< 27>%7$

5ram . #%7< .#%2 #%7 .:%:: tal1s .%7. 2:%7.

Linseed # #%$: #%## tal1s .%$> #%##

-ustard .8 .%#. .:#%8 tal1s .% 27%8 tal1s .%$2 >

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

71/199


C%*/ Na-" A%"a 9?a:

Yi"9T6?a:

P%*)c#i*!9T*!s:

R"si)" T8/" CRR G"!"%a#i*!9T*!s:

-aie 227 #%8> .#7%7.

Cobs #%> $%2:

Arhar 77 #%7 >2%$7 tal1s .%#> >>%$2

ugarcane $7# >:%$> .82>%7# &ops , Leaves #%#< .#>8%# .%:8 ..2%2

Castor 77# #%: $:%7# tal1s .%2> .87%.# tal1s .%8: >..% >>>%2

Rabi

Paddy 7>< 288%>

Linseed 2.7 #%$: .#>%2# tal1s .%$> .$8%7:

-ustard $87 .%#. $8%87 tal1s .% .>>%7< tal1s .%$2 .:%2 tra' . 8.%>2

TOTAL 3;'41.' 27;';.23

&ongaon

Kharif

Paddy 28>: .%

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

72/199


C%*/ Na-" A%"a 9?a:

Yi"9T6?a:

P%*)c#i*!9T*!s:

R"si)" T8/" CRR G"!"%a#i*!9T*!s:

Paddy >7$ .% 7:7:%22 tra' .%>. 8 .$%>7 tra' .%>< 2#>%.2

5ram $. #%7< 22%< tal1s .%#2 2>%$2

easumum >> #%7 .%$8 tal1s .%7. 2%$#

Linseed .7 #%$: 8%2# tal1s .%$> .#%>#

-ustard >7 .%#. >:%7 tal1s .% .%#< tal1s .%$2 .%7.

Negetables 2:7 .%$< $.> >7. .%$< tal1s .%:< 2%82

Cobs #%> #%$$

Arhar 78: #%7 >$.%#2 tal1s .%#> >7.%27

ugarcane 8 >:%$> >#>7%8 &ops , Leaves #%#< .:2%. .%:8 >28:%.. tal1s .%:> 7:%$

Castor 2 #%: .%8: tal1s .%2> 2%.

5round 3ut 2 .%#> 2%#< tal1s .%8: >% >>:%.$ tal1s .%#. >$.%72

Rabi

Paddy >:7. .% tra' .%>. :22>%#$

/heat .>#. .%#> .>$#%#> tra' .%>< .:22%$$

5ram $# #%7< 22%$# tal1s .%#2 22%:7

easumum 22: #%7 .>$%72 tal1s .%7. 2#>%.>

Linseed .>7 #%$: 2% tal1s .%$2 $7%.

Negetables 2#7 .%$< 2%># tra' . 2%>#

TOTAL 42;;1.27 '4;4.''

Rani

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

73/199


C%*/ Na-" A%"a 9?a:

Yi"9T6?a:

P%*)c#i*!9T*!s:

R"si)" T8/" CRR G"!"%a#i*!9T*!s:

Kharif

Paddy $2## .%. :..2%##

/heat 7.# .%#> 727%># tra' .%>< 8.$%$.

5ram # #%7< #%## tal1s .%#2 #%##

easumum .## #%7 7%## tal1s .%7. :%#

Linseed ># #%$: .:8%2# tal1s .%$> 2#%.$ tra' .%>> $7#:%:

-aie .# #%8> 8%># tal1s .%:< .>%7:

Cobs #%> 2%.

Arhar .# #%7 7%# tal1s .%#> :%$> $2 &ops , Leaves #%#< 277%$

&rash #%#$ .8#%

!ute 2> .%:8 $$ tal1s .%:> :.8%::

Castor . #%: #%: tal1s .%2> .%#

5round 3ut # .%#> #%## tal1s .%8: #%##

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

74/199


C%*/ Na-" A%"a 9?a:

Yi"9T6?a:

P%*)c#i*!9T*!s:

R"si)" T8/" CRR G"!"%a#i*!9T*!s:

@ther Pulses 22< #%7> ..%8: tal1s .%#. .2#%:

Rabi

Paddy >>: .% 772$%#8 tra' .%>. 82>

/heat . .7$%8:

TOTAL 1443.1 1404> 822:% $%>: tal1s .%:< :%.7

Cobs #%> .%>.

Arhar .2 #%7 8%#: tal1s .%#> 8%2ugarcane 2. >:%$> :#8%#> &ops , Leaves #%#< $:%$2

&rash #%#$ >2%2:

!ute 27 .%:8 $ :7%77

Castor $ #%: >%7< tal1s .%2> $%>:

5round 3ut 7# .%#> 7.%7# tal1s .%8: .% .>2%7# tal1s .%#. .>>%:>

Rabi

Paddy $$.: .% 82#.%>$ tra' .%>. $>>%8 .%#> .:%8 tra' .%>< 28#%>7

5ram $ #%7< 2%2$ tal1s .%#2 2%2:

easumum .7# #%7 ::%7# tal1s .%7. .>>%%:$ tal1s .%$> 7%$

-ustard 8< .%#. 8 #%7> .2%. tal1s .%$2 .8%>.

Negetables 2. .%$< >.%8$ tra' . >.%8$

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

75/199


C%*/ Na-" A%"a 9?a:

Yi"9T6?a:

P%*)c#i*!9T*!s:

R"si)" T8/" CRR G"!"%a#i*!9T*!s:

TOTAL 1431.24 1;4;.># .%. 2$8%:

/heat ##%8. . 7.8%#< tra' .%>< 8#>%2#

5ram .2. #%7< >%:7

Linseed # #%$: #%## tal1s .%$> #%##

-ustard 88. .%#. 88:%8. tal1s .%%82

@ther @ilseeds # #%7> #%## tal1s .%$2 #%##

Negetables .>> .%$< .7$%$ tra' . .7$%$

TOTAL 4132.0' '202'.04

$oresar

Kharif

Paddy ..2. .2.7.%

/heat .87 .%#> .:#%27 tra' .%>< 2$7%.$

5ram 2# #%7< ..%2# tal1s .%#2 ..%$2

easumum %7> tal1s .%7. 7% :>%8$

-ustard .#7 .%#. ..#7%7 tal1s .%

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

77/199


C%*/ Na-" A%"a 9?a:

Yi"9T6?a:

P%*)c#i*!9T*!s:

R"si)" T8/" CRR G"!"%a#i*!9T*!s:

@ther @ilseeds ># #%7> .7%# tal1s .%$2 22%7:

Negetables 2:> .%7>

Arhar .: #%7 .#% .#%$

ugarcane : >:%$> >8$ tal1s .%2> 27%87 tal1s .%8: $7%:$

@ther Pulses 8#7 #%7> >8>%88%>

Rabi

Paddy 87 .% .7< ..#%..%#: tal1s .% 2%> 2%>8

-aie 77 #%8> $#%.7 tal1s .%:< 8$% .2%#7

Arhar 7 #%7 2%7 tal1s .%#> >%#$

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

78/199

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

79/199


C%*/ Na-" A%"a 9?a:

Yi"9T6?a:

P%*)c#i*!9T*!s:

R"si)" T8/" CRR G"!"%a#i*!9T*!s:

easumum 8: #%7 $. 288%.8

/heat >7. .%#> > tra' .%>< $.%>. .%#. >>$%>. tal1s .%:%2$

@ther @ilseeds $< #%7> 2$%>: tal1s .%$2 >$%## .%$< $>:%## tra' . $>:%##

TOTAL '0;41.;0

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

80/199

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

81/199


C%*/ Na-" A%"a 9?a:

Yi"9T6?a:

P%*)c#i*!9T*!s:

R"si)" T8/" CRR G"!"%a#i*!9T*!s:

/heat .#$ .%#> .#8%.2 tra' .%>< .$7%: #%7 22%$2 tal1s .%7. >>%:7

Linseed # #%$: #%## tal1s .%$> #%##

-ustard :.8 .%#. :27%.8 tal1s .%2:%72

@ther @ilseeds # #%7> #%## tal1s .%$2 #%##

Negetables .$7 .%$< 2..%8# tra' . 2..%8#

TOTAL 1'1'.33 20231.

3.12 S)--a%8 *+ Dis#%ic# 5is" C%*/ %"si)" ="!"%a#i*! i! #*!s

Dis#%ic# K?a%i+ Ra>i T*#a

amrup 2$$>.%#7 2#7:7>%: $7#2$$%>

-origaon ::$$>%

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

82/199


Dis#%ic# F*%"s# a! O#?"% (as#" a!s T*#a

G%a! T*#a 2#.$:# 82..7 28>77

3.4.3 A=%* I!)s#%8 R"si)"s

-a+or Agro industrial residues available 'ithin district are rice hus1" rice bran" 'ood chips" sa'

dust etc%

3.14 Dis#%ic# 5is" >i*-ass ="!"%a#i*! +%*- I!)s#%i"s i! #*!s

Pa%#ic)a%s Ka-%)/ M*%i=a*! TOTAL

Rice *is

us1 7. >#:$< $$>8

Bran .$$7> 8#.# 2.$

"a *is

/ood chips 2..7 7:7 28##

a' dust $2> ..8 7$#

3.4.4 S)--a%8 *+ Bi*-ass G"!"%a#i*! +%*- a S*)%c"s

Biomass from crop residues" agro industries mainly from rice mills" and forest and 'astelands

is estimated and given belo'D

3.1' Dis#%ic# 5is" >i*-ass ="!"%a#i*! +%*- a s*)%c"s i! #*!s

Dis#%ic#s C%*/ R"si)" F*%"s# *#?"% a!s

A=%*I!)s#%8

T*#a

amrup $7#2$$%> 2>2272 :#7:2 8#8

-origaon 22$8$#%#< $.>$> >:77: >#$

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

83/199


&he ma+or areas of biomass consumption are for domestic fuel" fodder and small hotels etc%

As per the survey" the average consumption of 'oody biomass consumed per household per

annum is around 7#98# 1gs in the both districts%

3.'.1 D*-"s#ic F)" C*!s)-/#i*!

&his area is developed one and the purchasing capacity is much higher% lo'ly domestic fuel

is being shifted from the 'ood" dung ca1es to LP5% &he 'ood and crop residue consumption

is considered on an average basis as 7#98# gs and 2>222 >2

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

84/199

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

85/199


3.'.3 I!)s#%ia F)" C*!s)-/#i*!

&he follo'ing table gives the details of consumption of biomass in industrial sector 'ithin

amrup and -origaon districts%

3.17 Dis#%ic# 5is" I!)s#%ia Bi*-ass c*!s)-/#i*! i! #*!s

Dis#%ic# Sa5 -i B%ic Ki!s@ P*)#%8 +a%-s@ H*#"s T*#a

(** Ric" H)s (** c?i/s Sa5 )s#

amrup :$># $$#$# .

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

86/199


3.20 B*c 5is" c%*/ %"si)" >aa!c" i! #*!s

C%*/ Na-" R"si)" T8/" Bi*-assG"!"%a#i*!

Bi*-ass C*!s)-/#i*! C*"c#a>"S)%/)s

F*"% T?a#c?i!= D*-"s#ic+)"

KAMRUP DISTRICT

"uakuchi

Kharif

Paddy tra' .#..#%.7 :##>%># #%## #%##

-aie tal1s .8% #%## #%## #%##

&rash .>%: #%## #%## .>%: #%##

!ute tal1s .8.%.> #%## #%## .8.%.> #%##

Castor tal1s 7%$8 7%$8 #%## #%## #%##

5round 3ut tal1s .2%:> .2%:> #%## #%## #%##

@ther Pulses tal1s 287%2%7 #%## #%## >2%7 #%##

-ustard tal1s :.8%> #%## #%## :.8%> #%##

@ther @ilseeds tal1s >%8< #%## #%## >%8< #%##

Negetables tra' .#:>%>2 .#:>%>2 #%## #%## #%##

TOTAL 24

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

87/199



Bi*-ass C*!s)-/#i*! C*"c#a>"S)%/)s

F*"% T?a#c?i!= D*-"s#ic+)"

ugarcane &ops , Leaves : #%## #%## #%##

5round 3ut tal1s #%## #%## #%## #%## #%##

@ther Pulses tal1s $:%7$ >:%7$ #%## #%## #%##

5ram tal1s .2%78 .2%78 #%## #%## #%##

easumum tal1s .78%>.%2< >>.%2< #%## #%## #%##

/heat tra' $8%2: $8%2: #%## #%## #%##

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

88/199

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

89/199



Bi*-ass C*!s)-/#i*! C*"c#a>"S)%/)s

F*"% T?a#c?i!= D*-"s#ic+)"

Paddy tra' 2%>7 .: #%##

ugarcane &ops , Leaves $#%8$ #%##

!ute tal1s >$2%2. #%## #%## >$2%2. #%##

Castor tal1s 2%. 2%. #%## #%## #%##

5round 3ut tal1s $%7# $%7# #%## #%## #%##

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

90/199



Bi*-ass C*!s)-/#i*! C*"c#a>"S)%/)s

F*"% T?a#c?i!= D*-"s#ic+)"

@ther Pulses tal1s .#8%#< #%## #%## .#8%#< #%##

Rabi

Paddy tra'

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

91/199

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

92/199



Bi*-ass C*!s)-/#i*! C*"c#a>"S)%/)s

F*"% T?a#c?i!= D*-"s#ic+)"

&rash 8.%< #%##

Castor tal1s .22%%.2 #%## #%## #%##

5ram tal1s 2>%$2 2>%$2 #%## #%## #%##

easumum tal1s 2%$# #%## #%## 2%$# #%##

Linseed tal1s .#%># #%## #%## .#%># #%##

-ustard tal1s . #%## #%## . #%##

@ther @ilseeds tal1s .%7. #%## #%## .%7. #%##

Negetables tra' $.%#$ :22>%#$ #%## #%## #%##

/heat tra' .:22%$$ .:22%$$ #%## #%## #%##

5ram tal1s 22%:7 22%:7 #%## #%## #%##

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

93/199



Bi*-ass C*!s)-/#i*! C*"c#a>"S)%/)s

F*"% T?a#c?i!= D*-"s#ic+)"

easumum tal1s 2#>%.> #%## #%## 2#>%.> #%##

Linseed tal1s 2%

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

94/199



Bi*-ass C*!s)-/#i*! C*"c#a>"S)%/)s

F*"% T?a#c?i!= D*-"s#ic+)"

Paddy tra' $7#:%: $2>:%>7 28#%7> #%## #%##

-aie tal1s .>%7: .>%7: #%## #%## #%##

Cobs 2%. #%## #%## 2%. #%##

Arhar tal1s 22$%.> #%## #%## #%##

5ram tal1s #%2 #%##

Linseed tal1s #%## #%## #%## #%## #%##-ustard tal1s 22%2: #%## #%## >2%2: #%##

!ute tal1s :7%77 #%## #%## :7%77 #%##

Castor tal1s $%>: $%>: #%## #%## #%##

5round 3ut tal1s .%

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

95/199



Bi*-ass C*!s)-/#i*! C*"c#a>"S)%/)s

F*"% T?a#c?i!= D*-"s#ic+)"

@ther Pulses tal1s .>>%:> #%## #%## .>>%:> #%##

Rabi

Paddy tra' $>>%8< $>>%8< #%## #%## #%##

/heat tra' 28#%>7 28#%>7 #%## #%## #%##

5ram tal1s 2%2: 2%2: #%## #%## #%##

easumum tal1s .>>%>%%7: #%## #%## .2>%7: #%##

@ther @ilseeds tal1s .8%>. #%## #%## .8%>. #%##

Negetables tra' >.%8$ >.%8$ #%## #%## #%##

TOTAL 1;4;.

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

96/199



Bi*-ass C*!s)-/#i*! C*"c#a>"S)%/)s

F*"% T?a#c?i!= D*-"s#ic+)"

Negetables tra' >##%8< >##%8< #%## #%## #%##

TOTAL 13014.13 124;;.;' 20.2< 32;.12 0.00

Rangia

Kharif

Paddy tra' >#$>>%:< >#.2%72 >#$%>$ #%## #%##

-aie tal1s $..%$. $..%$. #%## #%## #%##

Cobs #%##

Rabi

Paddy tra' .2#%>$ 27#%2# #%## #%##

-aie tal1s >2%7 >2%7 #%## #%## #%##

Cobs 7%2< #%## #%## 7%2< #%##

Arhar tal1s .8% >8.%2> #%## #%## #%##

8/12/2019 Abil a 11 Mw

97/199



Bi*-ass C*!s)-/#i*! C*"c#a>"S)%/)s

F*"% T?a#c?i!= D*-"s#ic+)"

&rash 2$8%$ #%## #%## 2$8%$ #%##

!ute tal1s .:8.%: #%## #%## .:8.%: #%##

Castor tal1s #%## #%## #%## #%## #%##

5round 3ut tal1s 7>%.8 7>%.8 #%## #%## #%##

@ther Pulses tal1s 77%.$ #%## #%## 77%.$ #%##

Rabi

Paddy tra' .2.7.% .2.7.% #%## #%## #%##

/heat tra' 2$7%.$ 2$7%.$ #%## #%## #%##

5ram tal1s ..%$2 ..%$2 #%## #%## #%##

easumum tal1s 7%%8$ #%##

-ustard tal1s .8:#%7: #%## #%## .8:#%7: #%##

@ther @ilseeds tal1s 22%7: #%## #%## 22%7: #%##

Negetables tra' >::

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Bi*-ass C*!s)-/#i*! C*"c#a>"S)%/)s

F*"% T?a#c?i!= D*-"s#ic+)"

easumum tal1s 8 278$8%# 727%$8 #%## #%##

-aie tal1s 8$%%#$ #%##

ugarcane &ops , Leaves 2# #%## #%## #%##

5ram tal1s :%## :%## #%## #%## #%##

easumum tal1s 2.:%28 #%## #%## 2.:%28 #%##

Linseed tal1s 87%7# #%## #%## 87%7# #%##

-ustard tal1s .2.>%#8 #%## #%## .2.>%#8 #%##

@ther @ilseeds tal1s >2>%2>%

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Bi*-ass C*!s)-/#i*! C*"c#a>"S)%/)s

F*"% T?a#c?i!= D*-"s#ic+)"

@ther Pulses tal1s 7$%$%$%

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Bi*-ass C*!s)-/#i*! C*"c#a>"S)%/)s

F*"% T?a#c?i!= D*-"s#ic+)"

Negetables tra' .>:%8# .>:%8# #%## #%## #%##

TOTAL 403'.1' 3'3;3.4; 433.;2 4'7;.; 0.00

Kapii

Kharif

Paddy tra' >7.7%$# >.%#2 >. #%## #%##

-aie tal1s #%## #%## #%## #%## #%##

Cobs #%## #%## #%## #%## #%##

Arhar tal1s #%## #%## #%## #%## #%##

ugarcane &ops , Leaves .#%:7 #%##

Linseed tal1s #%## #%## #%## #%## #%##

-ustard tal1s .>2:%72 #%## #%## .>2:%72 #%##

@ther @ilseeds tal1s #%## #%## #%## #%## #%##

Negetables tra' 2..%8# 2..%8# #%## #%## #%##

TOTAL 20231. 1014;.3; 31

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3.21 Dis#%ic# 5is" Bi*-ass S)%/)s +%*- A=%*i!)s#%i"s i! T*!s

Dis#%ic# Ric" H)s T*#a

amrup >#72$ >#72$

-origaon .$:#< .$:#8># .7%7# # .

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hydrogen and their (C6) ratio gives an indication of the type of volatiles present in the

biomass i%e% saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons 'hich governs the tar formation% &he

ultimate analysis of some biomass is given in the table%

Bi*-ass Ca%>*!9:

H8%*="!9:

Ni#%*="!9:

O8="!9:

As? 9:

Paddy stra' >7%8 7%2: #%.8 $>%#: .7%7#

-ustard tal1s $#%: 7%2 8 >%.2 8%8#

-aie tal1 >7 to $# < to : #%7 to . 7# to 77 . to 2#

Cane trash >%87 7%77 #%.8 $

0ice hus1 >7%:: 22%2#

3.7.2 Bi*-ass C*"c#i*!@ ?a!i!=@ a! /%"/a%a#i*!&

As mentioned earlier" biomass is generated from crop residues" agro industry" barren and

forest lands% &he biomass obtained as crop residue and agro industry residue 'ill have lo'

bul1 density% &he type of crop residue generated depends on the crop and also harvesting

methods% or e4ample" if combines are used for harvesting of paddy crop" almost 7; of stra'

is left in the field% &he harvested stra' is in the form of po'der 'ith lo' bul1 density% &his

stra' needs to densified using bri=uetting techni=ue% &he stra' left in the field" needs manual

harvesting% -anual harvested stra' can be densified using bailing% If the paddy crop can be

harvested manual" total stra' can be collected and can be efficiently used% /heat stra' is

also being harvested similarly%

0esidue from oil seeds and pulses are brittle 'oody type% &his type of material needs

mechanism to brea1 into pieces of 2 to < inches% ?sually choppers are used for this purpose%

Biomass obtained from energy plantation or 'ood from forest and barren land needs special

attention of preparation% &his material is heavy and transportation problems are less compared

'ith lo' bul1 residues%

*epending on the sie and =uality of material" shredders" cutters" choppers and chippers can

be used%

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3.7.3 S"as*!a Bi*-ass A$aia>ii#8 a! C*s#

&he ma+or crops in this area are paddy" maie 'heat" sugarcane and barley% &he residues

from these crops li1e from these crops li1e paddy stra'" 'heat stra'" maie stal1s are used as

fodder% -aie cobs" cane trash" &il and -ustard stal1s are used as domestic fuel% 0ice hus1

and /ood are the ma+or biomass available this area 'hich is used for industrial purpose and

domestic% After the consumption of different biomasses in various sectors cane trash" -ustard

and &il stal1s" -aie cobs" 'ood and rice hus1 are available in surplus =uantity" 'hich can be

used for po'er generation%

As the po'er plant start 'or1ing" biomass prices may increase to tune to 7 to .# ; in the off9

season%

3.7.4 T%a!s/*%#a#i*! M*"s

&ractor trolleys and bulloc1 carts are the most important means of transport available 'ith

farmers% &he farmers are having ade=uate means for the transportation of the biomass%

*ifferent modes of transport li1e head load" hand carts" bulloc1 carts" tractors" truc1s etc% are

used for the 'ood transportation% /ood in large =uantity is transported either by means of

tractor or truc1s% /hile for transporting small =uantity handcarts or bulloc1 carts are used%

3.7.4.1 B)*c Ca%#s

In rural areas" bulloc1 cart has been the most common mode of transport% Although tractor

trolleys have also been adopted but still bulloc1 cart is =uite common particularly 'ith the

small and medium farms even no'% armers usually do not charge for hiring of bulloc1 carts%

3.7.4.2 T%ac#*% T%*"8s

All the tractor o'ners do not o'n a trolley% As such special four9'heel 'agons can be

developed 'hich may carry large =uantity of crop residue stal1s and 'ood% @ne such 'agon"

having capacity of >97 tones of crop residue stal1s and 798 tones of 'ood% &his capacity is less

than that of a truc1% &he initial cost of a 'agon and trolley is 0s% 27### and 0s% 2####

respectively%

3.7.4.3 T%)cs

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&ruc1s are not at all common in rural areas for transport of agricultural 'astes% o'ever" for

handling large volumes of arhar stal1s" the use of truc1s may become necessary because of

time factor% &hese are fast moving vehicles% &he capacity of a truc1 as mentioned above is

about 798 tonnes for crop residue stal1s and about :9.# tonnes for /ood%

3.7.' S#*%a="

Appro4imate biomass balance for year replicates the biomass is available in surplus in large

=uantity only in the month of harvesting% &his large surplus biomass =uantity has to be stored

and should be used for rest of the year% ence this biomass has to be procured in these

months and stored%

&he follo'ing points may be ta1en into account 'hile planning storage facilitiesD

A 'ell9drained site may be chosen%

Leave at least $# cms% pace bet'een each stac1 to ensure proper drainage and

ventilation%

Plan different storage sites as a safety precaution against the fire% Ample fireguards and

precautions may be ta1en at each of the site%

&here should be ade=uate natural ventilation arrangements and no natural shade of any

1ind should be near the stac1s%

@n storage" the ash content increase" volatile matter decrease" fi4ed carbon increases and no

appreciable change on tone of material% &he loss of N- is to be corrected 'ith loss of 'eight%

3. BIOMASS REUIREMENT&

Biomass Po'er plant 'ill be operating at a PL of #; anf the rice hus1 re=uirement 'ill be

.#:$#7 -& per annum%

3.10 CATEGORY (ISE BIOMASS AVAILABLE&

&he category 'ise biomass available from different sources is sho'n in the table belo'

3.2' Ca#"=*%8 5is" a$aia>ii#8 *+ Bi*-ass

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Bi*-ass T8/" R"si)" Bi*-ass A$aia>"

A=%* R"si)"

0ice us1 us1 $7>>#

F*%"s# *#?"% a!s

/ood /ood ..

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4. PLANT AND EUIPMENT DESIGN CRITERIA

4.0 GENERAL

&his po'er plant 'ill be using the combustion technology% &he basic steps involve" biomass

handling" boiler" turbo generator and evacuation system%

Po'er generation is having direct bearing on the pressure and superheated temperature of

steam% 3ormally

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mainly because of the nature of the fuel and the difficulty to ensure a correctly metered

=uantity of fuel flo' to the boiler% rom this point of vie' also $:7 #C is a safe selection%

Loo1ing from purely the Cycle Efficiency point of vie'" 'ith the selection of $:7 #C as the

steam temperature" the &hermodynamics la's" typical construction of the turbine blading and

the practical e4tent of steam e4pansion possible in the turbines" dictate the limits of cycle

pressure% eeping the above temperature" there is a little thermodynamic efficiency advantage

to be gained by pressures e4ceeding

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'ill be operating in parallel 'ith the AEB 5rid% &he entire po'er re=uirements of the plant

and the po'er re=uirements of the au4iliaries amounting to . -/(appro4) of the po'er plant

'ill be met by the po'er generated in the ne' turbogenerator% &he balance of the po'er

generated i%e%.# -/ in the plant 'ill be e4ported to the grid%

&he e4portable po'er 'ill be stepped up to .>2 1N and 'ill be connected to !agi 0oad sub9

station .>26.. 1N of AEB located at .92 1ms distance% Ade=uate space and transformer

capacities are available at the sub9station" for receiving the e4portable =uantum of po'er from

the po'er plant%

All the plant and systems shall be designed to achieve the best possible efficiency under the

specified operating conditions% &he po'er plant cycle shall be designed 'ith one *eaerator forfeed 'ater heating% &he steam re=uirements of the deaerator shall be met 'ith the e4traction

from the turbine , lo' load P0*%

&he complete plant instrumentation an

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