India, that is BharatA Perspective of History

By

DR T.H. CHOWDARY* Director, Center for Telecom Management & Studies

• Chairman, Pragna Bharati (Intellect India), Andhra Pradesh• Fellow: Tata Consultancy Service Ltd.

* Former Information Technology Adviser, Government of A.PChairman & Managing Director

Videsh Sanchar Nigam Ltd., Bombay

T: +91 (40) 6667-1191(O) 2784-3121®F: +91 (40) 6667-1111 (O)

Hanuman.chowdary@tcs.com

Talk at KV: 13th Jun 14

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Why History is Important

Those who don’t learn from the mistakes of the past are condemned to repeat them. -George Santayana

“To develop fully your own character, you must know your country’s character. A plant partakes of the character of the soil in which it grows. You are a plant that is conscious, that thinks. You must study your soil – which is your country --- in order that you may be able to draw its strength up into your own strength”.

-Dwight D.Eisenhover

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Nation & Nation State

• Who are nation• What binds people• The Will to be a Nation• The Nation State• Fostering the Will to be a nation – The

dominant discourse• Churchill’s “History of the English Speaking

People”.

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Patriotism (1)

• Love of and reverence for motherland (Janani, janmabhoomischa swargaadapi gareeyasi)• Porus, Purushottam• Rana Pratap• Shivaji • Guru Govinda Singh• Swamy Vivekananda• Jamshetji Tata

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Patriotism (2)

• Bhagat Singh• Sardar Patel• Dr B R Ambedkar

• Swamy Dayananda

• Balagangadhar Tilak

• Kaapaya, Prolaya

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The Early Age

• Arya; Dravida• Mahabharata war: 3102 BCE, Krishna’s death• Early Incursions• Alexander’s Foray (326BC)• Yavanas, Shakas, Kushanas, Huns• Arabs-Sindh• Ghazni-Ghori-Prithviraj-Jaichand• Destruction of Somnath & Reconstruction• The Hindu Resistance – The Buddhist DebacleTHC_CTMS

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Five Glorious Epochs of Indian History

• Chanakya-Chandra Gupta• Pushya Mitra-Yavana Destroyer• Vikramaditya-Shaka, Kushana Menace• Yashodharma- Conqueror of Huns• Resistnace to & Overthrow of Muslim rule

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Unceasing Resistance

• Prithviraj-Rana Pratap-Vijayanagara• Kakatiya Malik Kafur-Pratapa Rudra • Kapaya-Prolaya• Harihara & Bukka-Vidyaranya-Vijayanagara• Battle of Tallikota – 1565• Moghal “Empire” – 1626-1707 = 181 years• Vijayanagara – 1338 -1565=272 years • Panipat 1 (1526), 2 (1556) & 3(1761)THC_CTMS

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The Maratha Saga –Trial & Triumph

• Shivaji & Marathas• Chatrasal• Bundela• 3rd Battle of Paniput 1761• Ahmed Shah Abdali X Sadashiv Rao Bhau• The Maratha Confederacy :– King: in Satara– Peshwas : in Pune

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The Sikh Gurus (1)

5th Sikh Guru Arjun Dev & Jehangir • Offence: receiving Khusro who contested the

succession• “Put Arjun to death with savage torture• Guru seated on a hot iron plate; burning sand

poured on him.• Immersed in boiling water• Finally drowned in river Ravi

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The Sikh Gurus (2)

9th Sikh Guru : Teg Bahadur • Kashmiri Pundit’s plight, prayer the Guru’s

response & challenge to Aurangzeb• 12 July 1675 : Guru arrested and sent to Delhi

in an Iron Cage.• “The Prophet of Makka who founded your

religion could not impose on religion on the world, so how can you ? It is not God’s will”

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The Sikh Gurus (3)

• 11 Nov 1675: Three companions Bhai Mati Das was sawn into two; Daya Das boiled to death in a cauldron ; and Sati Das burnt alive

• Then the Guru was beheaded.

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Resurgence of Bharat (Hindu Pad Padshahi)

• Scindhias Holkar Gaikurd Bonsale• Gwalior Indore Baroda Nagpur• Mahadhiji Scindia• Prime Minister & Protector of the Moghul

“Emperor”!• Battle of Kirkee (Khadki)- 1817 • Rise of Sikhs• Battle of Chilianwala 1849• Crushing defeat of the British but end of Sikh Kingdom

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Bloodiest Conquests

"The Mohamedan conquest of India is probably the

bloodiest story in history. It is a discouraging tale, for its evident moral is that civilization is a precarious thing, whose delicate complex of order and liberty, culture and peace may at any time be overthrown by barbarians invading from without or multiplying within"

-Will Durant: Story of Civilization

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Ayodhya, Kasi, Mathura, SomnathAurangzeb: Kashi and Mathura: “Aurangazeb’s purpose in building these mosques ( Kashi and Mathura) was the

same intentionally offensive political purpose that moved the Russians to build their Cathedral in the city center at Warsaw. I must say that Aurangazeb was a veritable genius for picking out provocative sites. Aurangez and Phillip –II of Spain are a pair. They are incarnations of the gloomy fanatical vein in Christian, Muslim and Jewish family of religions………Perhaps the Poles were really kinder in destroying the Russians’ self discrediting monuments in Warsaw than you (Indians) have been in sparing Aurangazebs’s mosques. – Arnold Toynbee,

The world famous historian and philosopher in his Azad Memorial Lecture at Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Mumbai -1963

• Now International Islamic College & Women’s Arabic College Chandragiri, Tirupati ( like Babri masque in Ayodhya)

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Moslem View of HindusMr. Mohamed Ali speaking at Aligarh and Ajmere (1924) said: “However pure Mr. Gandhi’s character may be, he must appear to be from the point

of view of religion inferior to any Musalaman, even though he be without character”.

The Statement created a great stir. Many did not believe that Mr. Mohamed Ali,

who testified to so much veneration for Mr. Gandhi was capable of entertaining such ungenerous and contemptuous sentiments about him. When Mr. Mohamed Ali was speaking in a meeting held at Aminabad Park in Lucknow, he was asked whether the sentiments attributed to him were true. Mr. Mohamed Ali without any hesitation or compunction replied.

Yes! According to my religion and creed, I do hold an adulterous and a fallen

gentleman to be better than Mr. Gandhi”

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Excerpts from Mohammed Ali Jinnah Presidential address at

All India Muslim League Lahore Session, March, 1940

Two-Nations•

“……………………It is extremely difficult to appreciate why our Hindu friends fail to understand the real nature of Islam and Hinduism. They are not religions in the strict sense of the word, but are, in fact, different and distinct social orders and it is a dream that the Hindus and Muslims can ever evolve a common nationality, and this misconception of one Indian nation has gone far beyond the limits and is the cause of most of our troubles and will lead India to destruction if we fail to revise our notions in time. The Hindus and Muslims belong to two different religious philosophies, social customs, and literature. They neither intermarry, (only Hindu girls marry Moslems, but they have to convert to Islam – Ed) nor interdine together and, indeed they belong to two different civilizations which are based mainly on conflicting ideas and conceptions. Their aspects on life and of life are different. It is quite clear that Hindus and Mussalmans derive their inspiration from different sources of history. They have different epics, different heroes and different episodes. Very often the hero of one is a foe of the other and, likewise, their victories and defeats overlap. To yoke together two such nations under a single state, one as a numerical minority and the other as a majority, must lead to growing discontent and final destruction of any fabric that may be so built up for the Government of such a state…….”

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Dr Ambedkar on Pakistan-ism

The ideas of separate Muslim nation germinated in the speeches of Sir Sayyed Ahmed Khan Meerut speech 1888 and Sir Mohammed Iqbal (1930) and Choudhary Rahmat Ali (1933). These became the creed ; Dr B.R. Ambedkar wrote, “ I do not think the demand for Pakistan is the result the mere political distemper, which will pass away with efflux of time......it seems to me that it is a characteristic in the biological sense of the term, which the Muslim body politic has developed in the same manner as an organism develops a characteristic”(1).

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Pakistan as DNA

Maulana Abul Hasan Ali Nadvi (known as Ali Mian) said at the reception given by the Secretary General of the Pakistan National Alliance to delegates of the first Asian Islamic Conference at Karachi in July 1978, “Muslims all over the world including those of India were hopefully looking upto Pakistan for help and guidance and whatever happened in Pakistan or any other Muslim country casts its shadows on the Indian Muslims also. Pakistan’s debacle of 1971 has caused immense grief to Indian Muslims”.

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Khandith Bharat Khanda

• The British • Hindu-Muslim Rivalry Resurfaces … • Khilafat …..Maulana Md. Ali--------; Sir Md.Iqbal• Muslim League & 2-nation Theory 1940 …• 1937 &1946 elections• Direct Action 15 Aug 1946 slaughter of 26,000

Hindus in Calcutta !• Partition & Pakistan

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Sardar Patel : Integrated Indian Nation State

• Travancore, Junagarh• Hyderabad and J&K• 565 Indian states- Sardar Patel• India-Pakistan Wars 1947, 1965, 1971, 1999….• 1000 cuts & zihadi terrorism

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Disintegration of India

• Regional parties• Competition for Minority votes• Mogulistan – Prof Amar Abbas (Economic & Political Weekly Dec 2000)• Over run by Bangladeshis – 20 mln• (2)+92 “Minority “ districts• Not one or two; many nations – Discourse• Communist Party of the United States of India!• “secularism” THC_CTMS

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Maoist War: Sappers & Miners

• The 36 year war against India • Demonisation of Hindus • Riots – Replay of pre-1947 separatism &

militancy

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Article#370

• The origin• Hindus’ plight• Muslim Attitudes• Incites Separatism• Possible Settlements

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JNU- Marxist Madrassa

• How came in 1969• No Sciences & Technology• Esoteric Subjects• Thodo Phodo Bharat• Injection of Sedition, treachery &

disintegration – eg. EFLU; UOH

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The Marxist Madrasa JNU (1)

• Memorial meetings for Afzal Guru ad Azmal Kasab • India’s national tri -colour flag was denigrated and

trampled - indeed regularly . Eg. 25 Aug 2011 • The JNU Forum Against War On People organized a dance

party /revelry in front of an eatery to celebrate the massacre of 76 CRPF Jawans by Maoists at Dantewada in 2011

• The Democratic Students Unin (alleged funded by Pakistan) legitimizes Kashmir’s secessionist movements and also in the North East . It s main slogan is Azadi for Kashmir.

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The Marxist Madrasa JNU (2)

• “JNU” financed by G.O.I is being massively misused as a spring board to launch a heinous sabotage for another partition of India …..armed terrorists are staying as guests and occupants in Aravali and Gomathi hostels

• Shahabuddin Gauri a JNU student residing in in Kaveri hostel is a Pakistani agent….proved by Delhi Police in 1991. Shahabuddin was using the JNU campus as a safe hide out for seditious and terrorist persons.

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The Marxist Madrasa JNU (3)

• J.N.U Is home to numerous thodo-fodo India gangs like JUGUNU, SAWERA, Forum For Federal India, J.N.U Forum Against War On People, Students For Resistance , Co-ordination Committee For Oppressed Nationalities , Committee Fro The Release Of Political Prisoners, Students For Freedom , The New Materialists, Popular Front Of India, Forum For Peoples ‘S Rights ; Pakistan – India Peoples Forum For Peace And Democracy, Feminist Collective, Revolutionary Cultural Front, Naga Study Forum, Center For Policy Analysis.

• These outfits observe martyrdom days of Shahid Afzal Guru, Shahid Maqbool (Butt) through torchlight processions staging street plays , dharnas , seminars etc.,

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The Marxist Madrasa JNU (4)

• Prof. Kamal Mitra Chenoy of JNU (now an Aam Admi party leader ) stated in an international seminar in USA that Kashmir is an international problem, status co is not acceptable and azadi is the demand of the Kashmiris.

(Source: Pioneer, 2 June 2014 by K G Suresh)

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Communal Incidents During Recent Years

S.No Year Number of communal incidents

Number of deaths

Number of injured persons

1 2012 668 94 33172 2011 580 91 18993 2010 701 116 21384 2009 791 119 23425 2008 943 167 23546 2007 761 99 22277 2006 698 133 21708 2005 779 124 2066

Total 5921 943 19513Source: www.niticentral.com, Annual Reports, Ministry of Home Affairs)

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The Fraud in conversionsYear

1971 1981 1991 2001

Total population (mln) 43.5 53.6 66.5 76.2Christians (mln) 1.8 1.43 1.2 1.1

% of Christian population

4.19 2.68 1.83 1.44

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What Bharat Never Did

• Never waged a Holy War• Never conducted an Inquisition• Never launched Crusades• Never burned heretics• Never exiled apostates• Never launched a conversion campaign• Never commit aggression on foreign countries

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“If I were to look over the whole world to find out the country most richly endowed with all the wealth, power and beauty that nature can

bestow-in some parts a very paradise on earth - I should point to India. If I were to asked under what sky the human mind has most fully

developed the choicest gifts, has most deeply pondered on the greatest problems of life, and has found solution of some of them which well

deserve the attention even of those who have studied Plato and Kant - I should point to India. And if I were to ask myself from what literature we

here in Europe, we who have been nurtured almost exclusively on the thought of Greeks and Romans, and of one Semitic race, the Jewish, may draw that corrective which is most wanted in order to make our inner life

more truly human, a life not for this life only, but a transfigured and eternal life -- again I should point to India”.

-MAX MULLER

BHARAT MAHAN!

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“India was the motherland of our race, and Sanskrit the mother of Europe’s languages; she was the mother of our philosophy; mother, through the

Arabs, of much of our mathematics; mother, through the Buddha, of ideals embodied in

Christianity; mother, through the village community, of self-government and democracy.

Mother India is in many ways the mother of us all”. -WILL DURANT

BHARAT MAHAN!

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“Whenever I have read any part of the Vedas, I have felt that some unearthly and unknown light

illuminated me. In the great teaching of the Vedas, there is no touch of the sectarianism. It is of ages,

climes, and nationalities and is the royal road for the attainment of the Great Knowledge. When I am at it, I feel that I am under the spangled heavens of a

summer night”.

-HENRY DAVID THOREAU

BHARAT MAHAN!

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Bharat Mahan

We owe a lot to Indians, who taught us how to count, w/o which no worthwhile scientific discovery could have been made”...

I have made the Gita as the main source of my inspiration and guide for the purpose of scientific investigation and formation of my theories.

- Dr. Albert Einstein P3, Aakaaraadhyaksha: Suptd of Mines

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Bharat Mahan….After a study of some forty years and more of the great religions of the world,

I find none so perfect none so scientific none so philosophical and none so spiritual than the great religion known by the name of Hinduism.

Make no mistake, without Hinduism, India has no future. Hinduism is the soil

into which India’s roots are stuck and torn out of that she will inevitably wither as a tree torn out from its place. And if Hindus do not maintain Hinduism, who shall save it? If India’s own children do not cling to her faith, who shall guard it? India alone can save India and India and Hinduism are one.

- Annie Besant

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Not Gold but only Men Not gold but only men can make A great nation and strongMen who for truth and honour’s sake Stand fast and suffer long, Brave men who work while others sleep, who dare while others fly,They build a nation’s pillars deep ad lift them to the sky. Life’s battles do not always goTo the strongest or fastest meanSoon or late the man who winsIs the who thinks he canThen welcome each rebuffThat turns earth’s smoothness voughEach sting that bids not sit nor stand, but go!

-Robert Browning

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The Indian way for Salvation

It is already becoming clear that a chapter which had a Western beginning, will have to have an Indian ending. If it is not to end in the self-destruction of the human race. At this supremely dangerous moment in human history, the only way of salvation for mankind is the Indian way....Hear we have the attitude and the spirit that can make it possible for the human race to grow together into a single family - and, in the Atomic age this is the only alternative to destroying ourselves - Arnold Toynbee in 1969

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Harmony and Peace

SahanaavavatuSahanau bhunaktu

Saha veeryam karavaavahaihMaa vidvishavahaih

TejasvinaavadheetamastuAum santih, santih, santih !

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DHANYAWAD:THANK YOU

Who was ruling India (2004 -2014)?

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