Standard: S7L2

Students will describe the structure and function of cells, tissues, organs,

and organ systems.

The Necessities of LifeS7L2(a)

• Every organism has the same basic needs– Water– Air– Food– Shelter (a place to live)

Putting it all together

• Almost all of the life processes of a cell involve Proteins.– Proteins are made of amino acids– Chemical building blocks used to make cells.

Carbohydrates

• Simple carbohydrates– Made of one sugar

molecule or a few linked together

– Example: table sugar

–Energy

• Complex carbohydrates– Hundreds of sugar

molecules linked together.

– Example: starches

What do we do for the cell?

• Lipids: a fat molecule–Can not mix

with water–Store energy

• Nucleic Acids: –Blueprints of

life–Information to

make proteins

S7L2(a): Explain that cells take in nutrients in order to grow and divide

and to make needed materials.

Why do cells take in nutrients?

Cells take in nutrients in order to grow.

Endocytosis vs. Exocytosis

Endocytosis is a general term for a group of processes that bring large particles, small molecules, and even small cells into the eukaryotic cell.

Exocytosis is the process by which materials packaged in vesicles are secreted or exited from a cell when the vesicle membrane fuses with the plasma membrane.

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::535::535::/sites/dl/free/0072437316/120068/bio02.swf::Endocytosis%20and%20Exocytosishttp://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::535::535::/sites/dl/free/0072437316/120068/bio02.swf::Endocytosis%20and%20Exocytosis

S7L2(a): Explain that cells take in nutrients in order to grow and divide and to make needed materials.

How and why do cells grow and divide?

S7L2(c): explain that cells are organized into tissues, tissues into organs, organs into organ

systems, and systems into organisms.

Cells tissue organs

Organ system

http://www.kidsbiology.com/biology_basics/index.phporganisms

S7L2(d): explain that tissues, organs, and organ systems serve the needs cells have for oxygen, food, and waste removal.

Why do cells need oxygen?•Cells need oxygen to go through the following processes: respiration, diffusion, and osmosis.

Respiration• Primary function is to obtain oxygen for use by body's

cells & eliminate carbon dioxide that cells produce • Pathway of air: nasal cavities (or oral cavity) > pharynx

> trachea > primary bronchi (right & left) > secondary bronchi > tertiary bronchi > bronchioles > alveoli (site of gas exchange) the bodily process of

inhalation and exhalation; the process of taking in oxygen from inhaled air and releasing carbon dioxide by exhalation. A metabolic process.

Respiration • Fun Facts:

the metabolic processes whereby certain organisms obtain energy from organic moelcules; processes that take place in the cells and tissues during which energy is released and carbon dioxide is produced and absorbed by the blood to be transported to the lungs.

DiffusionA type of passive transport (non-energy requiring) involving the movement of small molecules from an area where they are highly concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated. Diffusion is spontaneous and automatic.

Osmosisthe tendency of a fluid, usually water, to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a solution where the solvent concentration is higher, thus equalizing the concentrations of materials on either side of the membrane.

Organ Systems

• Integumentary Sysytem– Skin, hair, nails– Protects

• Muscular System– Muscles– Movement– Works with the skeletal

system.

Organ Systems

• Skeletal System– Bones– Frame and support

• Cardiovascular System– Heart– Pumps blood – Works with circulatory

system

Organ Systems

• Respiratory System– Lungs– Absorb oxygen and

release carbon dioxide

• http://www.brainpop.com/science/diversityoflife/humanbody