Treaty of VersaillesCh 16.3(.4 is not on test)

#23

Jan 8,1918 – Wilson presents Congress with his plan for peace (Fourteen Points)

Nov 3, 1918 – Republicans win congressional elections in U.S.

- Wilson loses credibility with Europe's Leaders

The Kaiser abdicates Throne / Republic Formed

Nov 11, 1918- Armistice Day (veteran’s day)

- GR. Signs in part because of Wilson’s 14 pts.

Dec. 12, 1918 – Wilson arrives in Paris as a Hero

Lawrence of Arabia and representatives

from over 30 nations attended

Star of the Show

Greeted by Europeans as a Savior

GR. Signed Armistice in part because of 14 pts

Creel had 60 million leaflets dropped from planes over GR.

Freedom of Ocean Travel

No more Secret Alliances

Arms Reductions

Equality of Trade Barriers “Free Trade”

Self Determination for Poland

“League of Nations” – 14th Pt.

- mediating body- rep. from every nation

- provide security for each country

The “Big Four”1) France

2) Britain

3) Italy

4) United States

They shaped the final agreement

Germany & Russia were not allowed to attend

Lenin had to get Russia out of the war so he could concentrate on problems at Home…

The Treaty of Brest-Litovskwith Germany, giving them much territory, pop., resources

Civil War, 1917-1920

“Reds” versus “Whites”Complete breakdown of

Russian economy and society

Roadblocks Appear

European leaders

wish to punish &

humiliate Germany

for starting the War

U.S. overall role in

war was questioned

Most of the 14 pts were shot down by Allies

Gives up on the rest to save the 14th pt.

- League of Nations

June 28, 1919 – Treaty is Signed

- by Germany Too – Why did they Sign?

July, 1919 – Wilson heads back to U.S. to

convince our Senate to Ratify

Alsace & Lorraine (industrial region) would return to Fr.

New Countries Created –CZ/Yugo/Poland

GR - Stripped of Overseas Colonies

GR – Forced to accept full responsibility for starting the War (pay millions in Reparations)

“Blank Check” League of Nations was created

German Territorial Losses: 1919-1921

1) Irreconcilables Progressive Republicans

Wanted to focus attention on problems at home instead of Europe

2) Reservationists Article 10 of Treaty

Could put U.S. into war to preserve another nations independence

Who should declare war?

-Congress or League

Whistle-stop cross country train tour

He is wore down and exhausted

Sept. 25, 1919 – Suffers a stroke

-incapacitated

Oct. 1919 – Senate Rejects the Treaty

**U.S. never signs the treaty ending WWI**

The U.S. will NOT Join the League of NationsIsolationism v Interventionism

Nov. 1920 – Harding(R) elected Pres.

Feb. 3, 1924 – Wilson Dies / Broken & Defeated