A Peace to End All A Peace to End All PeacePeace

The Treaty of VersaillesThe Treaty of Versailles

The Victorious Allies

Lloyd George, Vittorio Orlando, Georges Clemenceau, Woodrow Wilson

Competing Goals Competing Goals US goals as stated by Wilson:US goals as stated by Wilson: Known as the 14 PointsKnown as the 14 Points Key components are…..Key components are….. Reduction of worldwide armamentsReduction of worldwide armaments Self-determination for all people- right to Self-determination for all people- right to

choose own governmentschoose own governments League of Nations to maintain peaceLeague of Nations to maintain peace No harsh treatment for GermanyNo harsh treatment for Germany 14 Points14 Points

Other Allies Differ…Other Allies Differ… France insists on harsh punishment France insists on harsh punishment

of Germany and assignation of blame of Germany and assignation of blame for causing the warfor causing the war

Great Britain favors punishment but Great Britain favors punishment but not to the same extreme as Francenot to the same extreme as France

Italy wants new colonies as payment Italy wants new colonies as payment for their war effortsfor their war efforts

The Treaty of VersaillesThe Treaty of Versailles Final treaty between Allies and Final treaty between Allies and

GermanyGermany Germany is harshly punished- 30 Germany is harshly punished- 30

billion+ in war reparationsbillion+ in war reparations They must accept full responsibility They must accept full responsibility

for causing the warfor causing the war Settlement is very humiliating to Settlement is very humiliating to

them- severe consequences will them- severe consequences will follow…..follow…..

Other AgreementsOther Agreements Breakup of empire of Austria Breakup of empire of Austria

Hungary and the Ottoman EmpireHungary and the Ottoman Empire New nations result: Austria, Hungary, New nations result: Austria, Hungary,

Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia,and Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia,and TurkeyTurkey

German colonial possessions German colonial possessions distributed among coloniesdistributed among colonies

Europe 1914 Europe 1919

The Middle EastThe Middle East Former territories of Ottoman Empire Former territories of Ottoman Empire

in region are divided between France in region are divided between France and Great Britainand Great Britain

France gains Syria and LebanonFrance gains Syria and Lebanon England gains Palestine and IraqEngland gains Palestine and Iraq Complicating factor in region- Complicating factor in region-

growing Zionist movementgrowing Zionist movement

1914 Middle East

1920 Middle East

The Balfour DeclarationThe Balfour Declaration Formalizes the intention to create a Formalizes the intention to create a

Jewish state in area currently in Jewish state in area currently in PalestinePalestine

Reality of this declaration is attained Reality of this declaration is attained in 1948 with creation of country of in 1948 with creation of country of IsraelIsrael

Troubled Legacy of VersaillesTroubled Legacy of Versailles German bitterness over harsh treaty German bitterness over harsh treaty

seen as a cause of the eventual rise seen as a cause of the eventual rise of Hitler and the Nazisof Hitler and the Nazis

Many present day Middle East Many present day Middle East conflicts have their roots in this timeconflicts have their roots in this time

Ethnic strife in newly created nations Ethnic strife in newly created nations of Yugoslavia and Iraq persist todayof Yugoslavia and Iraq persist today

Maintenance of colonialism in AfricaMaintenance of colonialism in Africa