employees’ opinion on 360-degree feedback system

8/2/2019 employees opinion on 360-degree feedback system

1/105

MDRKE_MMP EROLOEL EL 072$HMC^MM

GMMHNJ@A P_PXMD

:


2/105

@FJRXM^ O

OLX^EH]@XOEL

>


3/105

:,:OLXÊH]@XOEL

072 Hmc~mm Jrr~jopjk op D}kxo ^jxm~ Jrr~jopjk jlh gmmhnj a pypxmd, Jkdepx mwm~y

Ge~x}lm =22 @edrjly op }polc xfop ol pedm ge~d e~ xfm exfm~, Ol xfop pypxmd xfm `jlhohjxmop jppmppmh rm~oeho`jkky &el`m ol j ymj~ jlh pedm xodmp mwml fjkg ymj~ky/ ny j l}dnm~ eg

jppmppe~p ol`k}holc fop nepp+ oddmhojxm p}ne~holjxmp+ èkkmjc}mp+ olxm~ljk `}pxedm~p jlh

mvxm~ljk `}pxedm~p, Xfm jppmppdmlx op djhm el j z}mpxoelljo~m prmòjkky hmpoclmh xe

dmjp}~m nmfjwoe~p èlpohm~mh jp `~oxo`jk ge~ rm~ge~djl`m,

Xfm jrr~jopjk op helm jlelyde}pky ny exfm~p jlh xfm jppmppdmlx op èkkm`xmh ny jl mvxm~ljk

jcmlx &èlp}kxjlx/ e~ prm ojkky hmpocljxmh olxm~ljk jcmlx &ge~ mvjdrkm xfm F^H

hmrj~xdmlx/, Xfm jppmppdmlx op èlpekohjxmh1 gmmhnjà r~egokmp j~m r~mrj~mh jlh cowml xe

xfm rj~xoòrjlx jgxm~ j se~apfer e~ ho~m`xky ny fop nepp e~ xfm F^H hmrj~xdmlx ol j

rm~ge~djl`m ~mwoms hop }ppoel pmppoel,

Cowolc jlh ~m`mowolc gmmhnjà fjwm nmml ge}lhjxoeljk xe jkk Rm~ge~djl`m Djljcmdmlx

Pypxmdp, @elwmlxoeljkky xfm nepp cjwm gmmhnjà xe xfm p}ne~holjxm, Les ge~ pedmxodm

xfm kodoxjxoelp eg p}`f j podrkopxo` }pm eg gmmhnjà fjp nmml ~mjkomh+ rjwolc sjy xe xfm

mdm~cml`m eg 072$hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd jx se~arkj`m ~mkjxoelpforp,

Rm~ge~djl`m enwoe}pky hmrmlhp el fes xfm rmm~p+ `}pxedm~p jlh p}ne~holjxmp woms xfm

olhowoh}jk jlh sfjx xfmy mvrm`x eg ye}, 072 Hmc~mm gmmhnjà olpx~}dmlxp r~ewohm xfm

rm~prm xowmp g~ed jkk xfmpm jlckmp jlh xf}p rkjy j `~oxo jk ~ekm ol mlfjlòlc xfm

mggm`xowmlmpp eg Rm~ge~djl`m djljcmdmlx pypxmdp,

Xfm ljdm 072 Gmmhnjà hm~owmp g~ed cmxxolc olr}x g~ed #jkk j~e}lh#+ g~ed jp djly~mkmwjlx pe}~`mp jp repponkm1 g~ed rmm~p+ g~ed djljcm~p jlh g~ed pxjgg, Wm~y odre~xjlxky+

xfm xm`floz}m jkpe pmmap olr}x g~ed #`}pxedm~p# sfmxfm~ olxm~ljk e~ mvxm~ljk xe xfm

e~cjlojxoel jlh+ goljkky+ g~ed xfm jrr~jopmp xfmdpmkwmp, Ny èdrj~olc xfm wj~oe}p ~mp}kxp

ox op repponkm xe kmx olhowoh}jkp ales sfm~m xfmo~ pmkg rm~`mrxoelp hoggm~ g~ed xfepm xfjx

exfm~p fjwm eg xfmd, N}x xfop d}px nm helm ol j repoxowm sjy+ ge~ hmwmkerdmlx+ e~ xe erml

0


4/105

xfm hee~ ge~ j dmjlp xe jhh~mpp r~enkmdp, Jkk$~e}lh gmmhnjà+ r~mpmlxmh soxfol j

g~jdmse~a+ cowmp olhowoh}jkp xfm erre~x}loxy xe ge`}p el xfmo~ px~mlcxfp+ rkjl ge~

odr~ewmdmlx jlh r~j`xo`m amy nmfjwoe~p,

XFM NMLMGOXP EG 072 HMC^MM GMMH NJ@A

XE XFM OLHOWOH]JK

Rm~`mrxoel op ~mjkoxy jlh xfop r~e`mpp fmkrp olhowoh}jkp xe }lhm~pxjlh fes exfm~p

rm~`mowm xfmd,

Gmmh njà op mppmlxojk ge~ kmj~lolc,

Olhowoh}jkp `jl nmxxm~ djljcm xfmo~ esl rm~ge~djl`m jlh `j~mm~p,

XE XFM E^CJLOPJXOEL

Nmxxm~ `j~mm~ hmwmkerdmlx ge~ mdrkeymmp+

Odr~ewmp `}pxedm~ pm~wo`m ny fjwolc `}pxedm~p èlx~on}xoel xe mwjk}jxoel,

H~owmp X~jololc jlh Hmwmkerdmlx R~ec~jddmp,

PXJXMDMLX EG XFM RÊNKMD

Xfm 072hmc~mm gmmhnjà op }lhm~pxeeh jp pypxmdjxo` èkkm`xoel eg rm~ge~djl`m hjxj el jl

olhowoh}jk e~ c~e}r+ hm~owmh g~ed j l}dnm~ eg pxjamfekhm~p xfm pxjamfekhm~p nmolc xfm

oddmhojxm p}rm~wope~p+ xmjd dmdnm~p+ `}pxedm~p+ rmm~p jlh pmkg, @e~re~jxoelp koam

Cmlm~jk Mkm`x~o` Olhoj &CM/+ ^mkojl`m Olh}px~omp Kxh, &ÔK/+ @~edrxel C~mjwmp+ Ceh~mi

Pejrp+ Sor~e+ Olgepyp+ Xfm~djv jlh Xfedjp @eea j~m jkk }polc xfop xe ales mwm~yxfolc

jne}x xfmo~ mdrkeymmp jp smkk djljcm~p,

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5/105

Xf}p 072 Gmmhnjà op j pypxmd ge~ jppmppolc olhowoh}jk jlh xmjd rm~ge~djl`m jcjolpx

hmgolmh èdrmxmlòmp, Ox op jkpe }pmh ge~ jrr~jopolc olhowoh}jk rm~ge~djl`m jlh gmmholc

njà xfm ~mp}kxp xe xfepm rmerkm, Ox op j resm~g}k xeek jlh+ og }pmh smkk+ ox sokk kmjh xe

odr~ewmh rm~ge~djl`m ge~ nexf olhowoh}jkp jlh xfm e~cjlojxoel, N}polmpp Smma òxmh

mvm`}xowmp# nmkomg xfjx 072e gmmhnjà neepxp pmkg$èlgohml`m+ fmkrp djljcm~p r}x de~m

njkjl`m olxe xfmo~ kowmp jlh xmj`fmp xfmd xe nmèdm de~m mggm`xowm jx se~a jlh jx fedm.,

Xfop ~mpmj~`f rjrm~ r~mpmlxp ol hmxjok jne}x xfm mdrkeymmp eroloelp el 072 hmc~mm

gmmhnjà pypxmd,

Ge~ G}~xfm~ Hmxjokp @elxj`x9

!?:$??7>:3?7?6

288$>76>::06

sss,kj`~eppxm`flekecomp,e~c

=
http://www.lacrosstechnologies.org/http://www.lacrosstechnologies.org/


6/105

:,> POCLOGO@JL@M EG XFM PX]H_

Xehjy+ xfm x~mlh op xesj~hp c~mjxm~ x~jlprj~ml`y jlh ol ~mjpmh rj~xoòrjxoel sfokm

mwjk}jxolc jl olhowoh}jkp mggm xowmlmpp ol jl e~cjlojxoel, 072$hmc~mm rm~ge~djl m

jrr~jopjk jlpsm~p xfop opp}m mggm`xowmky, Xfm ~mpmj~ fm~ djamp j px}hy el 072$hmc~mm

gmmhnjà jp jl mggm`xowm rm~ge~djl`m djljcmdmlx xeek jlh mk}òhjxmp xfm nmlmgoxp eg xfm

pypxmd og odrkmdmlxmh r~erm~ky,

Ol djly e~cjlojxoelp jrr~jopjk pypxmdp g~ed exfm~ e~cjlojxoelp fjwm nmml èromh jlh

odrkmdmlxmh nkolhky soxfe}x jly kolajcm soxf e~cjlojxoeljk ~mz}o~mdmlxp jlh oxp rmerkmp

lmmh, N}x ol xfm 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà jrr~jopjk op helm ol j pypxmdjxo` djllm~ + ox sokk

èlx~on}xm xe dexowjxoel eg mdrkeymmp + ~mwmjk ~ekm eg mdrkeymmp+ r~ewohm pèrm xe mvr~mpp

olhowoh}jk womsp jlh eroloelp+ ~mèclom xjkmlxp + rkj`mdmlx ~mz}o~mdmlxp + x~jololc lmmhp

jlh `j~mm~ rkjllolc,

072 Hmc~mm gmmhnjà op sohmky j``mrxmh jp jl mggm`xowm rm~ge~djl`m djljcmdmlx xeek, N}x

og ox op lex djljcmh r~erm~ky xfml ox hemp de~m fj~d xfjl nmlmgoxp, Rmerkm xmlh xe fjwm

r~enkmdp soxf 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà, Ox fjp le r~owj`y + ~mkojnokoxy jlh mggm`xowmlmpp

nm`j}pm eg xfm rm~peljk nojpmp jlh c~omwjl`mp eg mwjk}jxe~p xfjx `~mmr olxe gmmhnjà,

Jlexfm~ depx odre~xjlx ~mjpel djy nm j cjr nmxsmml jl e~cjlojxoelp enim`xowmp jlh 072

hmc~mm, Xfm~m op le p}~mxy xfjx jl mdrkeymm sokk `fjlcm jgxm~ cmxxolc j gmmhnjà, Pol`m

mdrkeymmp mwjk}jxolc xfmo~ djljcm~p op lex xjaml jp j ceeh pocl + ox lmcjxowmky odrj`xp

pfj~mfekhm~p wjk}m,

072 Hmc~mm gmmhnjà nmèdmp oljrr~er~ojxm sfml9

Xfm rm~pel ~m`mowolc gmmhnjà op xee lms xe xfm c~e}r e~ e~cjlojxoel,

Xfm~m j~m lex mle}cf ~mprelhmlxp sfe x~}ky }lhm~pxjlh xfm g}kk pèrm eg xfm

olhowoh}jkp ~mprelponokoxomp,

H}~olc j xodm eg djie~ fjlcm p}`f jp i}px nmge~m e~ jgxm~ j dm~cm~ e~ j`z}opoxoel,

Ol jl mlwo~eldmlx sfm~m xfm~m op focf hmc~mm eg dopx~}px,

7


7/105

:,0 ENIM@XOWMP

Xe }lhm~pxjlh xfm mdrkeymmp womsp el 072 Hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd,

Xe }lhm~pxjlh xfm mdrkeymmp womsp el xfm r~m$~mz}opoxmp ge~ jl mggm`xowm 072 hmc~mm

gmmhnjà pypxmd,

Xe }lhm~pxjlh xfm mdrkeymmp womsp el xfm odrkmdmlxjxoel eg 072 Hmc~mm gmmhnjà

pypxmd,

Xe mkoòx xfm mdrkeymmp womsp el xfm dm~oxp jlh hmdm~oxp eg xfm pypxmd,

Xe `jkk ge~ p}ccmpxoelp &og jly/ xe odr~ewm xfm pypxmd,

3


8/105

:,8 F_REXFMPMP

Xfm~m op le poclogo`jlx ~mkjxoelpfor nmxsmml jcm eg ~mprelhmlxp jlh xfmo~ eroloel el

xfm dmjp}~jnokoxy eg rm~ge~djl`m,

Xfm~m op le poclogo`jlx ~mkjxoelpfor nmxsmml pmv eg ~mprelhmlxp jlh xfmo~ eroloel el

èlx~on}xoel eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd xe kmjhm~pfor hmwmkerdmlx,

Xfm~m op le poclogo`jlx ~mkjxoelpfor nmxsmml pmv eg ~mprelhmlxp jlh xfmo~ eroloel el

~mkojnokoxy eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd,

Xfm~m op le poclogo`jlx ~mkjxoelpfor nmxsmml hmpocljxoel eg ~mprelhmlxp jlh xfmo~

eroloel el xfm dmjp}~jnokoxy eg rm~ge~djl`m,

6


9/105

:,= ^MPMJ^@F DMXFEHEKEC_

JOD EG XFM PX]H_

Xe }lhm~pxjlh xfm mdrkeymmp# eroloel el 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd

^MPMJ^@F HMPOCL

J ~mpmj~`f hmpocl op xfm j~~jlcmdmlx eg èlhoxoelp ge~ èkkm`xoel jlh jljkypop eg hjxj ol j

djllm~ xfjx èdnolm ~mkmwjl`m xe xfm ~mpmj~`f r}~repm soxf mèledy ol r~e`mh}~m,

$ @kjo~m Pmkkxo ' exfm~p+ ^mpmj~`f dmxfehp ol Peòjk Pòml`mp &:?7>/

Xfm ^mpmj~`f hmpocl op xfm prmògo`jxoel eg dmxfehp jlh r~e`mh}~mp ge~ j`z}o~olc xfm

olge~djxoel lmmhmh, Ox op j `jxjkec}m eg xfm wj~oe}p rfjpmp jlh gj`xp ~mkjxolc xe xfm

ge~d}kjxoel eg j ~mpmj~`f mgge~x,

Xfm `}~~mlx px}hy op helm }polc hmp`~orxowm hmpocl, Hmp`~orxowm px}homp jod jx re~x~jyolc

j``}~jxmky xfm `fj~j`xm~opxo`p eg j rj~xo`}kj~ c~e}r e~ pox}jxoel,

GOMKH EG PX]H_

Xfm r~mpmlx px}hy sjp `j~~omh e}x jx Mddmxx Xm`flekecomp jx @fmlljo, Xfm e~cjlojxoel

ge~djkky `jkkmh Mddmxx xm`flekecomp+ pxj~xmh oxp erm~jxoelp ol Djy >22: jlh fjh xfmo~

ge~djk kj}l`f el >3 Pmrxmdnm~ >22:, Xfmy fjwm jkpe j`z}o~mh j gjòkoxy eg :=+222 pz ,gx ol

Jwjho+ @fmlljo

,

Xfmy se~a jp j èdrmxmlx jlh `~mjxowm ~mpmj~`f jlh hmwmkerdmlx rj~xlm~ xe focf

xm`flekecy èdrjlomp ol lmxse~aolc+ xmkmèd jlh m$ n}polmpp1 jlh jkpe se~a soxf kmjholc

mvrm~xp ol xfm olh}px~ojk gomkh, Xfmo~ djol jod op xe `~mjxm jlh l}~x}~m j focf `jkonm~ xmjd

xfjx r~ewohmp èlpopxmlx jlh p}rm~oe~ eg se~a jlh xfm depx mggm`xowm pek}xoelp jlh pm~wo`mp

xe xfmo~ `}pxedm~p,

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10/105

@}~~mlxky+ xfmy j~m se~aolc soxf 0 @komlxp ol xfm j~mjp eg lmxse~aolc9 Olxmkkocmlx @e~m

Erxo`jk Lmxse~a Mz}ordmlx+ LDP+ Mdnmhhmh jlh M$N}polmpp9 M$Djok @komlx Pegxsj~m,

Goljkky ox op ge`}pmh el r~ewoholc r~eh}`x ~mjkojxoel jlh r~eh}`x kogm`y`km djljcmdmlx

pm~wo`mp xe r~eh}`x hmwmkerdmlx èdrjlomp jlh rkjxge~d wmlhe~p,

Xfm F^ hmrj~xdmlx jx Mddmxx xm`flekecomp rkjyp j `~}òjk ~ekm, Elm eg xfm }loz}m

gmjx}~mp eg xfm F^ j`xowoxomp op xfjx+ ox r~j`xo`mp 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd ol e~hm~ xe

~mwoms xfm rm~ge~djl`m eg oxp mdrkeymmp, Xfop rm~ge~djl m djljcmdmlx xeek sjp

olx~eh}`mh ol xfm ymj~ >22>,

]LOWM^PM EG PX]H_

Xfop px}hy sjp èlh} xmh jx Mddmxx Xm`flekecomp, Xfm mdrkeymm px~mlcxf eg xfm

e~cjlojxoel sjp 7>, J`è~holcky jkk xfm mdrkeymmp sm~m èwm~mh ol xfm px}hy jlh xf}p

mj`f mdrkeymm èlpxox}xmh xfm }lox eg px}hy, Fml`m+ xfm`mlp}p dmxfeheg pmkm`xoel eg }loxp

ge~ xfm px}hy sjp jherxmh,

PE]^@M EG HJXJ

Pe}~`m eg hjxj èkkm`xoel ~mgm~p xe xfm pe}~`m xf~e}cf sfo`f xfm hjxj j~m èkkm`xmh, Xfm~m

j~m djolky xse pe}~`mp xf~e}cf sfo`f hjxj `jl nm èkkm`xmh, Elm op xfm r~odj~y pe}~`m

sfo f op xfm go~px fjlh olge~djxoel enxjolmh ho~m xky g~ed xfm xj~cmx rer}kjxoel %

~mprelhmlxp jlh xfm exfm~ xf~e}cf pmèlhj~y pe}~`m sfm~m xfm hjxj ge~ px}hy op èkkm`xmh

xf~e}cf r}nkopfmh jlh }lr}nkopfmh pe}~`m sfo`f op lex go~px fjlh ol ljx}~m,

J hjxj op `jkkmh j r~odj~y pe}~`m sfml ox op jl j`è}lx ny jl mymsoxlmpp e~ xfm go~px

~mè~hm~ eg jl mwmlx+ ol s~oxxml e~ exfm~ ge~d+ ol`k}holc do ~e$ ge~d jlh mkm`x~elo`

~mr~eh}`xoel, Ox ~mgm~p xe hjxj+ sfo f op enxjolmh xf~e}cf e~ocoljk ~mpmj~ f+ pxjxopxo`jk

èdrokjxoelp e~ kmcjk ~mz}o~mdmlxp, Xfm hjxj ge~ xfm px}hy j~m èkkm`xmh ho~m`xky xf~e}cf

r~odj~y pe}~`m o,m, g~ed xfm mdrkeymmp xfmdpmkwmp, Xfm ~mpmj~ fm~ fjp djhm }pm eg

r~odj~y pe}~ m eg hjxj ge~ fm~ ~mpmj~`f,

:2


11/105

XEEK EG HJXJ @EKKM@XOEL

Xeek eg hjxj èkkm`xoel ~mgm~p xe xfm dmjlp xf~e}cf sfo`f hjxj j~m èkkm`xmh g~ed xfm

~mprelhmlx, Xfm xeek+ sfo`f op }pmh ge~ xfm px}hy+ op xf~e}cf z}mpxoelljo~m dmxfeh, Xfm

z}mpxoelljo~m èlxjolp px~}`x}~mh z}mpxoelp+ sfo`f j~m }loge~d ge~ jkk xfm ~mprelhmlxp, Xfop

fmkrp xfm ~mpmj~`fm~ ol nmxxm~ jljkypop eg hjxj,

@EDRELMLXP EG XFM XEEK

Xfm z}mpxoelljo~m èlpopxp eg 00 z}mpxoelp, Xfm z}mpxoelp sfo`f fjwm nmml `~mjxmh ny xfm

~mpmj~`fm~ fjwm nmml n~ejhky howohmh olxe xfm gekkesolc p}n$ howopoelp9

Peòe Hmdec~jrfy hmxjokp, & = Z}mpxoelp/

Womsp ol072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd Rm~ pm, & = Z}mpxoelp/

Odrkmdmlxjxoel, & = Z}mpxoelp/

R~m ~mz}opoxmp, & = Z}mpxoelp/

Dm~oxp eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd & 7 Z}mpxoelp/

Hm dm~oxp eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd, & 8 Z}mpxoelp/

P}ccmpxoelp, & 0 Z}mpxoelp/

R^M XMPXOLC

R~m xmpxolc eg xfm xeek sjp helm el :2 rm~ `mlx eg xfm xexjk mdrkeymm px~mlcxf, R~m

xmpxolc sjp helm h}~olc xfm delxf eg Ijl}j~y >22?,

::


12/105

J@X]JK @EKKM@XOEL EG HJXJ

Hjxj èkkm`xoel sjp djhm h}~olc xfm rm~oeh eg Gmn~}j~y >22?

JLJK_POP JLH OLXM^R^MXJXOELJljkypop eg xfm px}hy op `j~~omh e}x ny }polc PRPP &Pxjxopxo`jk Rjàjcm ge~ Peòjk Pòml`mp/

wm~poel :> jlh hjxj j~m ~mr~mpmlxmh ol xfm ge~d eg podrkm jlh `~epp xjnkmp+ nj~ hojc~jdp

jlh rom `fj~x, Xfm pxjxopxo`jk xeek+ `fo pz}j~m xmpx op }pmh ge~ xmpxolc fyrexfmpop,

ERM^JXOELJK HMGOLOXOELP

072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà9

Xfm 072hmc~mm gmmhnjà op }lhm~pxeeh jp pypxmdjxo` èkkm`xoel eg rm~ge~djl`m hjxj el jl

olhowoh}jk e~ c~e}r + hm~owmh g~ed j l}dnm~ eg pxjamfekhm~p xfm pxjamfekhm~p nmolc xfm

oddmhojxm p}rm~wope~p+ xmjd dmdnm~p+ `}pxedm~p + rmm~p jlh pmkg,

Rm~ge~djl`m Djljcmdmlx9

Xfm }pm eg rm~ge~djl`m dmjp}~mdmlx olge~djxoel xe mggm`x repoxowm `fjlcm ol e~cjlojxoel

`}kx}~m+ pypxmdp jlh r~e`mppmp ny fmkrolc xe pmx jc~mmh }rel rm~ge~djl`m cejkp+

jkke`jxolc jlh r~oe~oxoolc ~mpe}~`mp+ olge~dolc djljcm~p xe moxfm~ èlgo~d e~ `fjlcm

`}~~mlx reko y e~ r~ec~jd ho~m`xoelp xe dmmx xfepm cejkp+ jlh pfj~olc ~mp}kxp eg

rm~ge~djl`m ol r}~p}olc xfepm cejkp,

N~ejhky+ j rm~ge~djl`m djljcmdmlx pypxmd r~ewohmp j kolajcm nmxsmml jl mdrkeymmp

èlx~on}xoel jlh9$

E~cjlojxoeljk ~mp}kxp,

^mècloxoel jlh ~msj~hp ~m`mowmh ny xfm mdrkeymm,

@j~mm~ hmwmkerdmlx erre~x}loxomp eg xfm mdrkeymm,

:>


13/105

:,7 KODOXJXOELP EG XFM PX]H_

Xfm gekkesolc j~m xfm rm~`mowmh kodoxjxoelp eg xfm px}hy, Xfm px}hy ~mpx~o`xp oxpmkg elky xe

@fmlljo, Jp xfm èl`mrx eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnj a pypxmd op ~mkjxowmky lms wm~y gms

èdrjlomp ol Olhoj fjwm jherxmh ox, G}~xfm~ xfop px}hy fjp nmml èlh}`xmh ol elky elm

e~cjlojxoel,

:0


14/105

@FJRXM^ OO

^MWOMS EG KOXM^JX]^M

:8


15/105

>,: ^MWOMS EG KOXM^JX]^M

OLXÊH]@XOEL

Ewm~ xfm kjpx gms ymj~p+ xfm~m op ol ~mjpmh jsj~mlmpp jdelc xfm Olhojl kmjhm~p jlh

Djljcm~p ge~ mlge~ olc xfm resm~ eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà, Ox op }pmh ge~ d}kxorkm

enim`xowmp+ nm ox jp j `fjlcm djljcmdmlx xeek ge~ kmjhm~pfor hmwmkerdmlx e~ jp j xeek ge~

jppmppolc xfm rexmlxojkp eg rj~xoòrjlxp e~ pedmxodmp ge~ jrr~jopolc pmloe~ djljcm~p, Xfm

gkjxxmlolc eg fom~j~`fomp ol dehm~l è~re~jxoelp fjp jkpe n~eaml hesl xfm jcm ekh dmxfehp

eg jppmppolc xfm rm~ge~djl`m eg mdrkeymmp, Xfm x~mlh op xesj~hp c~mjxm~ x~jlprj~ml`y jlh

ol`~mjpmh rj~xoòrjxoel sfokm mwjk}jxolc jl olhowoh}jkp mggm`xowmlmpp ol jl e~cjlojxoel,

Xfm 072 hmc~mm jrr~jopjk xm`floz}m les nmolc jrrkomh ol depx smkk$ alesl e~cjlojxoelp

r~ewmp xe nm jl erml se~xfsfokm pypxmd eg rm~ge~djl`m jrr~jopjk,

PM@XOEL O

ENIM@XOWMP EG 072 HMC^MM GMMHNJ@A

Xfm gekkesolc j~m xfm enim`xowmp eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà9

R~ewoholc olpocfxp olxe xfm px~elc jlh smja j~mjp eg xfm `jlhohjxm ol xm~dp eg xfm

mggm`xowm rm~ge~djl m eg ~ekmp+ j`xowoxomp+ pxykmp+ z}jkoxomp jlh èdrmxmlòmp

&aleskmhcm+ jxxox}hmp jlh paokkp/,

Pm~wmp jp j njpop ge~ rm~ge~djl`m kolamh rjy e~ rm~ge~djl`m ~msj~hp,

Pm~wmp jp j njpop ge~ `j~mm~ rkjllolc jlh hmwmkerdmlx,

Pm~wmp jp j njpop ge~ kmjhm~pfor hmwmkerdmlx,

Pm~wmp j njpop ge~ Xmjd jlh @}kx}~m n}okholc,

R~ewoholc rkjlp ge~ olxm~ljk `}pxedm~ pjxopgj`xoel,

Jkoclolc olhowoh}jk jlh c~e}r cejkp soxf e~cjlojxoeljk wopoel+ wjk}mp jlh cejkp,

:=


16/105

XML ^MJPELP GE^ ]POLC 072 HMC^MM GMMHNJ@AP9

Xfm xml ~jxoeljk gj`xp ge~ oloxojxolc 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà ol xfm e~cjlojxoel, Xfm ~mjpelp

e}xkolmh j~m9

Hmgololc @e~re~jxm @edrmxmlòmp xf~e}cf 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà,

Ol`~mjpmp xfm ge`}p el `}pxedm~ pm~wo`m,

P}rre~xp xmjd oloxojxowmp,

@~mjxmp j focf olwekwmdmlx se~age~`m,

Hm`~mjpmp fom~j~`fomp, R~edexmp px~mjdkololc,

Hmxm`xp nj~~om~p xe p}``mpp,

Jppmppmp xfm hmwmkerdmlx lmmhp,

Jweohp Hop`~odoljxoel xf~mpfekh,

Mjpy xe odrkmdmlx,

]POLC 072 HMC^MM GMMHNJ@A MGGM@XOWMK_ PEDM C]OHMKOLMP9

NMCOL SOXF HMWMKERDMLX9

Ox op jhwopjnkm xe olx~eh}`m 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà jp jl olxm~ljk xeek ge~ rm~peljk

hmwmkerdmlx jlh c~esxf og xfm èdrjly fjp le olxm~wmlxoel, 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà

jhh~mppmp xfm wm~y njpo` `fjlcm djljcmdmlx r~e`mpp jlh `jl nm wm~y g~ocfxmlolc xe j kex eg

rmerkm xe xfola xfjx xfmy sokk nm ~jxmh ny p}ne~holjxmp jlh è se~am~p, Depx èdrjlomp

fjwm jx kmjpx j elm$ymj~ r~ec~jd ol rkj`m nmge~m kolaolc ox xe rm~ge~djl`m ~mwomsp,

KOLA SOXF @EDRJL_ CEJK9

Le r~ec~jd jp }le~xfehev jp 072 hmc~mm d}px nm xjaml kocfxky, Ox d}px nm goljkky kolamh xe

j poclogo`jlx n}polmpp ~mjpel xfjx op rkjol xe mwm~yelm, Op xfm r}~repm eg olx~eh}òlc 072

hmc~mm xe `fjlcm xfm `}kx}~m e~ op ox mlfjlòlc xfm rm~ge~djl`m djljcmdmlx pypxmd,

:7


17/105

X^JOL MWM^_ELM9

X~}px op `~oxo`jk xe j``}~j`y eg hjxj jlh elm sjy xe mlp}~m xfop op xf~e}cf x~jololc, He

mvm`}xowmp woms xfop jp j èlpx~}`xowm e~ hmpx~}`xowm r~e`mpp5 Ox op j f}djl ljx}~m xe ~}pf xe

xfm lmcjxowm gmmhnjà, X~jololc op ~mz}o~mh xe ge`}p el xfm repoxowmp nm`j}pm xfjx op sfm~m

xfm ~mjk kmwm~jcm ol odr~ewolc rm~ge~djl`m op,

GEKKES ]R9

Xfm gmmhnjà ~mre~x pfe}kh nm goljkky ce olxe j`xoel rkjl ge~ odr~ewmdmlx, P}rm~oe~ jlh

xfm F}djl ^mpe}~`mp r~egmppoeljk `jl fmkr olxm~r~mx xfm ~mre~x pe xfjx xfm mdrkeymm hemp

lex èdm }r soxf j s~elc j xoel rkjl, Xfm j xoel rkjl+ jp ol xfm `jpm eg pmwm~jk

èlxmdre~j~y èdrjlomp+ d}px mwmlx}jkky nm xomh xe ~mp}kxp jp smkk jp xe xfm ~msj~hp jlh

r}lopfdmlxp eg xfm e~cjlojxoel, Xfm ge`}p op el xfm olhowoh}jk j`è}lxjnokoxy ge~ n~olcolc

jne}x xfm hmpo~mh `}kx}~m `fjlcm,

PM@XOEL $ OO

JHWJLXJCMP EG XFM 072 HMC^MM GMMHNJ@A9

Xfm 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà jrr~jopjk pypxmdp fjwm `m~xjol jhwjlxjcmp, Xfmpm jhwjlxjcmp j~m

lex p}npxox}xmp ge~ xfepm eg x~jhoxoeljk jrr~jopjkp n}x ol jhhoxoel xe xfmd9

Ox jhhp enim`xowoxy jlh p}rrkmdmlxp xfm x~jhoxoeljk jrr~jopjk pypxmd,

Ox r~ewohmp le~djkky de~m j``mrxjnkm gmmhnjà xe mdrkeymm,

Ox fmkrp xe ge`}p el olxm~ljk `}pxedm~ pjxopgj`xoel,

Ox op j ceeh xeek ge~ mlfjlòlc `}pxedm~ pm~wo`m jlh z}jkoxy eg olr}xp jlh pm~wo`m xe

olxm~ljk `}pxedm~p,

Ox r~ewohmp ge~ xfm `jlhohjxm xe cmx d}kxorkm olr}xp xe odr~ewm fop ~ekm+

rm~ge~djl`m+ pxykmp ' ohmjp jlh mlfjl`mp xfm j``mrxjnokoxy eg xfm olhowoh}jk,

:3


18/105

Ox op de~m rj~xoòrjxowm jlh mlfjl`mp xfm z}jkoxy eg F^ hmòpoelp,

PEDM @EDRJLOMP XFJX ]PM 072 HMC^MM GMMHNJ@A9

&F^D ~mwoms Jr~ok >226/

@edrjlomp koam Sor~e jlh Dexe~ekj fjwm nmml mdrkeyolc ox ge~ ohmlxogyolc xfmo~

mdrkeymmp j~mj eg hmwmkerdmlx jlh fjwm nmml }polc ox jp jl mggm`xowm xeek ge~ kmjhm~pfor

hmwmkerdmlx, Sor~e fjp jherxmh èdrmxml`y ~e}xm xe kmjhm~pfor hmwmkerdmlx soxf ge`}p

el rmerkm, Dexe~ekj fjp hmwmkermh j rm~ge~djl`m kmh kmjhm~pfor hmwmkerdmlx dehmk

`jkkmh Xexjkoxy eg Dexe~ekj Kmjhm~pfor &XEDK/, Jx Dexe~ekj ox sjp helm ny r~m$hmgololc

èdrmxmlòmp jlh r~ewoholc `}pxedomh &olhowoh}jk/ hmwmkerdmlxjk rkjllolc njpmh el 072

Hmc~mm gmmhnjà xe mlfjl`m e~cjlojxoeljk rm~ge~djl`m, Jkk xf~mm èdrjlomp dmlxoelmh

jnewm fjwm djhm 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà jl olxmc~jk rj~x eg xfmo~ mdrkeymm hmwmkerdmlx

r~ec~jdp,

Ieflpel jlh Ieflpel olx~eh}`mh dehmk eg kmjhm~pfor `jkkmh Pxjlhj~h eg kmjhm~pfor njpmh

el 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà ol :??7 xe mlp}~m n}polmpp p}``mpp jlh dj~amx kmjhm~pfor, Ox sjp

olx~eh} mh jx xfm xer$ kmwmk, Rfokorp nmkomwmh xfjx 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pfe}kh nm }pmh elky

jp j hmwmkerdmlx xeek jlh lex j p}npxox}xm ge~ rm~ge~djl`m djljcmdmlx pypxmd,

Rfokorp jkpe }pmh xfm g}kk ò~ km gmmhnjà ge~ ohmlxogyolc xer$ rexmlxojk `jxmce~y

mdrkeymmp, Ox hmwmkermh kmjhm~pfor èdrmxml`y dehmk ge`}polc el pov èdrmxmlòmp

ol`k}holc hmxm~doljxoel ge~ focf z}jkoxy ~mp}kxp ge~ nmxxm~ dmxfehp+ focf rm~ge~djl m

mvrm xjxoel+ ge`}p el xfm dj~amx+ pmkg jlh rmerkm hmwmkerdmlx jlh hmwmkerolc

èddoxdmlx, Xfm kmjhm~pfor dehmk fjp nmml kolamh soxf e~cjlojxoeljk wjk}mp jlh cejkp,

Jx LOOX+ 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà op ~mgm~~mh xe jp Olhowoh}jk Mggm`xowmlmpp Gmmhnjà &OMG/

sfo`f op Smn Mljnkmh, Xfm Rm~pel èl`m~lmh cmxp xfm gmmhnjà xf~e}cf jl j}xe

cmlm~jxmh `j~h njpmh el xfm olr}xp g~ed pmkg+ rmm~p+ xmjd dmdnm~p jlh p}rm~wope~p, Jx

LOOX+ jl olhowoh}jkp mggm`xowmlmpp op dmjp}~mh ol gowm hodmlpoelp woj+ eslm~pfor+ pfj~mh

cejkp+ wjk}mp + èlx~on}xoel xe focf rm~ge~dolc xmjd jlh èdd}lo`jxoel,

:6


19/105

PM@XOEL OOO

KODOXJXOELP EG X^JHOXOELJK JRR^JOPJK

&F^D ~mwoms Dj~`f >226/

Rm~ge~djl`m jrr~jopjk fjp kelc nmml ~mcj~hmh jp elm eg xfm depx `~oxo`jk ymx x~e}nkolc j~mj

eg f}djl ~mpe}~`m djljcmdmlx, Depx eg xfm jrr~jopjk pypxmdp j~m hmpoclmh xe mwjk}jxm

rjpx rm~ge~djl`m jlh px~mpp kmpp el g}x}~m ~mz}o~mdmlxp p}`f jp mdrkeymmp `j~mm~

jpro~jxoelp+ rexmlxojk kjxmlx paokkp ohmlxogo jxoel+ jlh `j~mm~ rkjllolc x~jololc jlh

hmwmkerdmlx ~mz}o~mdmlxp xe xjam }r focfm~ jppocldmlxp,

Ol djly e~cjlojxoelp+ jrr~jopjk pypxmdp g~ed exfm~ e~cjlojxoelp fjwm nmml èromh jlh

odrkmdmlxmh nkolhky soxfe}x jly kolajcm soxf e~cjlojxoeljk ~mz}o~mdmlxp jlh oxp rmerkmp

lmmh, De~mewm~ le pm~oe}p jxxmdrxp j~m djhm ol odrkmdmlxjxoel kmjholc xe hmkjyp jlh

fjrfjj~h ~mre~xp+ xfm~mny hok}xolc pypxmd mggm`xowmlmpp djaolc ox jp dm~m jll}jk ~ox}jk,

Jsj~mlmpp eg xfm pypxmd lmmhp+ gjdokoj~oxy+ jrr~jopm~ jrr~jopm dmmxp+ ~mwoms pmppoel jlh

è}lpmkolc j~m depxky jnpmlx r~ewolc ox xe nm j pfmm~ h~}hcm~y eg rjrm~ se~a,

XFM 072 XM^Ê^

@edrmxml`y$njpmh rm~ge~djl`m djljcmdmlx+ ol gj`x+ op xfm njànelm eg depx eg xfm

jkxm~ljxowm jrr~ej`fmp, @edrmxmlòmp+ jppeòjxmh soxf xfm .fes. eg jl mdrkeymm#p pxykm+

j~m .j pmx eg rm~peljk x~joxp e~ fjnoxp xfjx j~m ~mkjxmh xe p}rm~oe~ ien rm~ge~djl`m+. pjyp

Do`fjmk P`fsjknm~c+ j P`j~phjkm+ Lms _e~a$ njpmh `kolo`jk rpy`fekecopx jlh è$j}xfe~ eg

Kmwm~jcm @edrmxmlòmp+ r}nkopfmh kjpx ymj~ ny xfm Goljlòjk Mvm`}xowmp ^mpmj~ f

Ge}lhjxoel,, Ol èlx~jpx+ xfm gj~$lj~~esm~ .paokk. mkmdmlxp hmp`~onm sfjx jl mdrkeymm `jl

he9 lmcexojxm j èlx~j`x e~ r~mrj~m j n}hcmx+ ge~ olpxjl`m,

Rj~xo`}kj~ky ol wec}m xfmpm hjyp op xfm .072+. xf~e}cf sfo`f mdrkeymmp j~m mwjk}jxmh ny

xfmo~ ho~m`x djljcm~+ xfmo~ esl ho~m`x ~mre~xp+ hmrj~xdmlxjk rmm~p+ jlh exfm~p soxfol xfm

e~cjlojxoel jp smkk jp `}pxedm~p jlh p}rrkom~p+ rm~fjrp, J Sokkojd D, Dm~`m~ px}hy

:?


20/105

olho jxmp xfjx kjpx ymj~+ >7 rm~ mlx eg èdrjlomp }pmh p}`f .d}kxo~jxm~ rm~ge~djl`m

djljcmdmlx+. }r g~ed :: rm~`mlx ol :??=+ jlh xfjx jlexfm~ >2 rm~`mlx j~m èlpohm~olc ox,

._e} `jl nm xfm nmpx pjkmprm~pel ol xfm se~kh+ n}x og ye}#~m jkomljxolc ye}~ olxm~ljk e~

mvxm~ljk `}pxedm~p+ ye}#~m lex e}~ nmpx mdrkeymm+. pjyp Ajxfy Nj}d+ F^ ho~m`xe~ ge~

Ckjòm~ Fokkp ^mxo~mdmlx @edd}loxy+ ol Jll J~ne~+ Do`focjl, Pfm nm`jdm gjdokoj~ soxf

xfm 072 j gms ymj~p jce jp F^ djljcm~ jx xfm Ljxoeljk @mlxm~ ge~ Djl}gj`x}~olc Pòml`mp

&L@DP/+ j lelr~egox Jll J~ne~ ~mpmj~`f$jlh$hmwmkerdmlx e~cjlojxoel, Xe ohmlxogy jlh

mwjk}jxm mdrkeymm nmfjwoe~jk èdrmxmlòmp+ xfm L@DP ol`k}hmh j 072 mkmdmlx ol oxp

mwjk}jxoel r~e`mpp ol :??=, P}rm~wope~p pmkm`xmh ~mwomsm~p ge~ xfmo~ p}ne~holjxmp+ jkxfe}cf

xfmy jkkesmh xfm p}nim xp xe p}ccmpx pedm `fjlcmp xe xfm kopx, ^mwomsm~p xfml ~jxmh

mdrkeymmp el j elm$xe$gowm p`jkm ol wj~oe}p `jxmce~omp+ jlh ~mp}kxp sm~m r~mpmlxmh xep}nim`xp ol j c~jrfo` ge~djx,

PM@XOEL OW

F]DJL ^MPE]^@MP ÊKM EL 072 HMC^MM GMMHNJ@A9

F^p wopoel ge~ xfm 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà r~e`mpp `jl kmjh xfm sjy xe j`fomwolc lmmhmh

e~cjlojxoeljk `fjlcm, F^ op pfjrmh ny xfm n}polmpp cejkp+ xfm è~re~jxm `}kx}~m+ xfmèdrmxoxowm repoxoel + jlh xfm se~age~`m hmdec~jrfo`p eg mj`f e~cjlojxoel ox pm~wmpOl

xfm ?2p + F^ fjp c~jrrkmh soxf djly amy n}polmpp `fjkkmlcmp9 jkoclolc F^ r~j`xo`mp soxf

n}polmpp cejkp+ }polc F^ r~j`xo`mp xe nmxxm~ èllm`x soxf j `}pxedm~ njpm+ mpxjnkopfolc

mggm`xowm rj~xlm~pforp sfokm djolxjololc j hopxol`x è~re~jxm `}kx}~m,

F^ pfe}kh px~owm xe `~mjxm jlh èdd}lo`jxm j pfj~mh wopoel eg xfm cejkp eg xfm 072 hmc~mm

gmmhnjà r~e`mpp+ jlh pfe}kh p}rre~x xfm r~e`mpp soxf oxp xm`flo`jk mvrm~xopm jlh ~mpe}~`mp,

Ol jhhoxoel+ F^ sokk rkjy j amy ~ekm ol hmwmkerolc e~cjlojxoel sohm hmwmkerdmlx rkjlp

njpmh el xfm x~jololc jlh exfm~ ohmlxogomh lmmhp eg mdrkeymmp, Xfm rkjl djy smkk ol`k}hm

F^p rkjyolc j ~ekm ol deloxe~olc jlh ~mre~xolc r~ec~mpp e~ odr~ewmdmlxp ol j`fomwolc xfm

èdrjlyp ewm~jkk cejk e~ px~jxmcy,

>2


21/105

F]DJL ^MPE]^@MP RM^PRM@XOWM EL 072 HMC^MM GMMHNJ@A9

Xfm gekkesolc j~m xfm wj~oe}p rm~prm`xowmp el 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà9

GOLJL@OJK RM^PRM@XOWM

@]PXEDM^ RM^PRM@XOWM

KMJ^LOLC RM^PRM@XOWM

GOLJL@OJK RM^PRM@XOWM9

J~m p}ggoòmlx ~mpe}~`mp jwjokjnkm xe olp}~m j focf olxmc~oxy 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà

r~e`mpp5

Nm`j}pm xfm p}``mpp eg xfm 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà op pe hmrmlhmlx }rel oxp nmolc èlh}`xmh

ol jl jxdeprfm~m eg x~}px jlh gjo~lmpp+ p}ggoòmlx ~mpe}~`mp lmmh xe nm jkke`jxmh xe olp}~m

xfop sokk e``}~,

Go~px+ e}xpohm mvrm~xopm sokk r~enjnky nm lmmhmh xe jppmpp e~cjlojxoeljk ~mjholmpp jlh

jppopx ol r~mrj~jxoel eg xfm hmxjokmh rkjl lmmhmh xe odrkmdmlx xfm r~e`mpp, Ox op `~}òjk xfjx

p}ggoòmlx ~mpe}~`mp nm jkke`jxmh ol xfop rkjllolc pxjcm+ jp `fjlcolc ho~m`xoel e~ jkxm~olc xfm

rkjl h}~olc xfm odrkmdmlxjxoel eg xfm r~e`mpp è}kh mjpoky ~jopm xfm gjo~lmpp opp}m jlh

}lhm~dolm x~}px ol xfm olxmc~oxy eg xfm r~e`mpp,

Pmèlhky+ z}mpxoelljo~mp djy lmmh xe nm pmlx xe jl e}xpohm jcml`y xe olp}~m xfm

èlgohmlxojkoxy eg xfm r~e`mpp+ jkxfe}cf xfop se}kh nm jl jhhoxoeljk mvrmlpm, E}xpohm

jcmlòmp `jl jkpe jcc~mcjxm xfm hjxj jlh èdrokm olhowoh}jk jlh e~cjlojxoel sohm

~mre~xp sfokm olp}~olc xfm èlgohmlxojkoxy eg jkk xfm rj~xoòrjlxp,

Goljkky+ xfm 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà r~e`mpp op }pmh xe ohmlxogy mdrkeymmp paokk cjrp jlh

hmwmkerdmlx lmmhp jlh xe r~mrj~m olhowoh}jk jlh e~cjlojxoel sohm hmwmkerdmlx rkjlp,

Ol jl jxdeprfm~m eg x~}px+ sfm~m rmerkm x~}ky nmkomwm xfjx xfm hjxj sokk lex nm fmkh jcjolpx

xfmd n}x sokk ~jxfm~ nm }pmh xe fmkr xfmd+ xfmy sokk ljx}~jkky mvrm`x gmmhnjà el xfmo~

>:


22/105

odr~ewmdmlx, Xfop dmjlp xfjx xfmy sokk mvrm`x lex elky gekkes$ }r x~jololc jlh jppopxjl`m+

n}x g}x}~m gmmhnjà el xfmo~ rm~ge~djl`m,

Fjwm g}lhp nmml n}hcmxmh ge~ gekkes }r j`xowoxomp+ p}`f jp pxjgg x~jololc5

Gekkes$}r op `~}òjk xe xfm p}``mpp eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà, Ol e~cjlojxoelp xfjx gjokmh xe

hmkowm~ ol xm~dp eg gekkes$}r x~jololc jlh exfm~ hmwmkerdmlx jppopxjl`m+ mdrkeymmp sm~m

~mk}`xjlx xe ce xf~e}cf xfm r~e`mpp jcjol, Nexf ge~djk jlh olge~djk sokk nm lmmhmh+ jlh

g}lhp pfe}kh nm n}hcmxmh xe èwm~ x~jololc jlh exfm~ djxm~ojkp mvrmlpm,

@]PXEDM^ RM^PRM@XOWM9

Sfjx sokk nm xfm kmwmk eg `}pxedm~ olwekwmdmlx jlh ~mr~mpmlxjxoel ol xfm 072hmc~mmgmmhnjà r~e`mpp5

Olè~re~jxolc `}pxedm~ gmmhnjà ol xfm mwjk}jxoel r~e`mpp mdrfjpomp xfm odre~xjl`m eg

`komlx mvrm`xjxoelp ol hmxm~dololc èdrjly ge`}p, 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà `jl nm }pmh xe

p}rre~x j è~re~jxm px~jxmcy eg pfogxolc xfm ge`}p eg xfm èdrjly g~ed dmmxolc xfm

olxm~ljk lmmhp eg xfm hmrj~xdmlx e~ g}l`xoeljk }lox xe dmmxolc xfm lmmhp eg xfm `}pxedm~, Ol

xfop sjy+ `}pxedm~ olwekwmdmlx `jl nm }pmh xe mlfjl`m px~jxmco` jkocldmlx,

KMJ^LOLC RM^PRM@XOWM9

Fes sokk olhowoh}jk hmwmkerdmlx lmmhp ohmlxogomh ol xfm r~e`mpp nm jhh~mppmh5

Sfmxfm~ mvjdololc j dm`fjlo`jk e~ jl e~cjlojxoeljk pypxmd+ ox op odre~xjlx xe

}lhm~pxjlh xfjx xfm pypxmd ol`k}hmp jx kmjpx xf~mm èdrelmlxp9

Hjxj

Mwjk}jxoel

J`xoel

>>


23/105

J pypxmd ol sfo`f hjxj jlh mwjk}jxoel hoh lex olgk}ml`m j`xoel se}kh lex nm j gmmhnjà

pypxmd, Xfm 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà r~e`mpp mlèdrjppmp xfm `~mjxoel jlh mvm`}xoel eg

mdrkeymm hmwmkerdmlx rkjlp, Gjok}~m xe gekkes }r jrr~er~ojxmky `jl x}~l xfm mlxo~m r~e`mpp

olxe elm sfo`f hemp de~m hjdjcm xfjl ceeh + jp èdrjlomp fjwm ge}lh sfml xfmy ce xe

~mrmjx xfm r~e`mpp j ymj~ kjxm~, Og le j`xoel sjp xjaml xe fmkr mdrkeymmp kmj~l xfm paokkp

xfmy lmmhmh xe `kepm xfepm ohmlxogomh cjrp+ mdrkeymmp j~m koamky xe ~mnmk sfml jpamh xe

~mrmjx xfm r~e`mpp eg fjwolc mwm~yelm mwjk}jxm xfepm pjdm paokk pmxp,

PM@XOEL W @jpm Px}homp

&O/ XFM RÊP JLH @ELP EG 072 HMC^MM GMMHNJ@A 9 DJAOLC OX SEÂ

Ol xfop j~xo`km+ xfm j}xfe~ fjp e}xkolmh xfm lmmh ge~ xfm 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà ol n}polmpp jlh

xfm repoxowm jlh lmcjxowm odrko`jxoelp eg oxp }pjcm, Xfm j~xo`km nmcolp soxf xfm `}~~mlx

p`mlj~oe ol }polc rm~ge~djl`m jrr~jopjk pypxmdp smkk p}rre~xmh ny ~mpmj~`f hjxj, Xfm

j}xfe~ jkpe focfkocfxp xfm x~mlh xesj~hp }rsj~h jrr~jopjk+ d}kxo ~jxm~ gmmhnjà+ g}kk ò~`km

gmmhnjà jlh rmm~ ~mwoms,

G}~xfm~+ xfm j}xfe~ e}xkolmp pedm olhowoh}jk prmògo` nmfjwoe~p jp jl e}xèdm eg fjwolc

}lhm~celm 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà,

@feepolc xfm nmpx `jlhohjxmp ge~ jppmppdmlx,

De~m odre~xjl`m cowml xe neppp ~jxolc jp ox op jpp}dmh xe nm kolamh xe r~edexoelp

jlh pjkj~y,

Gmmkolc eg fjx~mh el ~m`mowolc `~oxo`jk gmmhnjà soxf rmerkm xfm olhowoh}jk fjp lex

se~amh soxf,

G}~xfm~ xfm j}xfe~ reolxp e}x pedm eg xfm jhwjlxjcmp eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà p}`f jp 9

D}kxo ~jxm~ gmmhnjà fjp xfm rexmlxojk xe r~edexm xmjd èfmpowmlmpp,

Mdrkeymmp sjlx xe dmmx xfm mvrm`xjxoelp eg xfmo~ rmm~p jp smkk jp xfmo~ neppmp sfml

xfmy ales xfjx xfmo~ rmm~p sokk nm ~jxolc xfmd,

>0


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Kmppmlolc eg hop`~odoljxoel jlh nojp nm`j}pm ~mprelponokoxy ge~ gmmhnjà olwekwmp

de~m rmerkm,

Fesmwm~+ keeaolc eg pedm eg xfm lmcjxowm odrko`jxoelp+ xfm j}xfe~ fjp reolxmh xfm

gekkesolc9

Gmmhnjà pmml jp jl erre~x}loxy ge~ `~oxoòpd,

@elgko`xolc eroloelp9 sfe hmòhmp sfe op ~ocfx5

@feepolc g~omlhp xe r~ewohm gmmhnjà, Fes wjk}jnkm xfm r~e`mpp op5

P}~wmy gjxoc}m Fes j``}~jxm jlh ~mkojnkm xfm gmmhnjà op5

Fes x~}xfg}k xfm gmmhnjà op5

&OO/ XFM J@@MRXJNOKOX_ EG 072 HMC^MM JRR^JOPJKP9

J @]PXEDM^ P]RRKOM^ ^MKJXOELPFOR RM^PRM@XOWM

Xfop j~xo`km j~c}mp xfjx j``mrxjnokoxy op j amy opp}m ~mkmwjlx xe xfm p}``mpp eg 072 hmc~mm

jrr~jopjk r~e`mppmp, Xfm j}xfe~ r~mpmlx èl`mrx}jk j~c}dmlxp xe pfes fes j `}pxedm~

p}rrkom~ ~mkjxoelpfor rm~prm xowm r~ewohmp j }pmg}k dmjlp eg hmro`xolc repponkm j }pmg}k

dmjlp eg hmro xolc repponkm 072 hmc~mm kolajcmp , Xfm j}xfe~ x~omp xe pmlpoxom F^

r~j`xoxoelm~p xe pedm eg xfm amy opp}mp eg rexmlxojkoxy jggm`xolc j``mrxjnokoxy+ sfokm jx xfm

pjdm xodm e}xkolm j g~jdmse~a ge~ ~mpmj~ fm~p pmmaolc xe olwmpxocjxm j``mrxjnokoxy

rfmledmlj, Sjkhdjl jlh Nesml r~mpmlx j xyrekecy eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà njpmh el

hoggm~mlx `}pxedm~p p}rrkom~p ~mkjxoelpforp ol sfo f xfm p}rrkom~p j~m xfm rj~xo orjlxp

xfmdpmkwmp jlh ~jxm~p è}kh nm9

Mvxm~ljk `}pxedm~p,

Olxm~ljk `}pxedm~p eg exfm~ se~a c~e}rp,

@e$ se~am~p soxfol j se~a c~e}r jlh

P}ne~holjxmp,

J l}dnm~ eg pe}~`mp dmlxoelmh jnewm pxjxmp xfjx 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà op de~m enim`xowm

xfjl gmmhnjà g~ed elmp p}rm~oe~ jkelm+ jp ol xfm x~jhoxoeljk jll}jk rm~ge~djl`m ~mwoms+

>8


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n}x `kjodp ~mcj~holc enim`xowoxy op lex px~o`xky j``}~jxm, Og xfm enim`xowm nmfolh xfop op xe

mlp}~m enim xowoxy jlh j``}~j`y eg jppmppdmlxp+ xfml ox pfe}kh nm ~mjkomh xfjx xfmpm

pypxmdp he lex r~ewohm xfjx nmlmgox, Xfmy ol ~mjpm xfm jde}lx eg gmmhnjà+ n}x xfm

gmmhnjà op pxokk p}nim`xowm, Jx xfm pjdm xodm ox op ~mjkomh xfjx fjwolc j l}dnm~ eg rmerkm

jc~mm ol xfmo~ eroloelp op de~m resm~g}k xfjl elm rm~pelp eroloel jkelm, Sfml rmerkm

pfj~m xfmo~ pjdm eroloel+ xfml ox op èl`k}hmh xfjx xfmy j~m r~enjnky xfjx d}`f `kepm~ xe xfm

x~}xf+ sfokm jx xfm pjdm xodm jàleskmhcolc xfjx x~}xf op+ jx kmjpx ol rj~x+ hmrmlhmlx }rel

rm~prm xowm,

&OOO/ 072 HMC^MM GMMHNJ@A XFM SORÊ MVRMÔML@M

XFM SORÊ ODRM^JXOWM

Sor~e jp j èdrjly sjp c~esolc jx j rfmledmljk ~jxm ewm~ xfm ymj~p, Nmcollolc soxf j

pdjkk gj xe~y ol Jdjklm~+ ol Ijkcjel Hopx~o`x eg Djfj~jpfx~j+ ox howm~pogomh olxe

mlcolmm~olc+ olge~djxoel xm`flekecy+ jlh fmjkxf `j~m pypxmdp, Xfm~m sjp j `~yolc lmmh ge~

kmjhm~p jx jkk kmwmkp, Xfm è~re~jxm ho~m`xowm eg pmkm`xolc rmerkm ge~ kmjhm~pfor repoxoelp

g~ed soxfol+ sfmlmwm~ repponkm+ j``mlx}jxmh xfop lmmh, Xfm odrm~jxowm sjp xe hmwmker

kmjhm~p jlh elm sjy xe heolc xfop sjp ny r~ewoholc `kmj~ jlh èlxol}e}p gmmhnjà, Mj~kom~+

gmmhnjà sjp ~mpx~o`xmh xe xfm jrr~jopjk gmmhnjà cowml ny xfm djljcm~, Xfm 072 hmc~mmgmmhnjà sjp jl erre~x}loxy xe djam xfm gmmhnjà de~m ~e}lhmh+ ny jhholc gmmhnjà g~ed

i}loe~p jlh rmm~p, Xfm 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà sjp lex j pek}xoel keeaolc ge~ j r~enkmd+ n}x

jl jlpsm~ xe j amy e~cjlojxoeljk odrm~jxowm,

XFM LMVX PXMRP

Xfm gekkesolc pxmrp sm~m xjaml xe olx~eh}`m xfm r~e`mpp

Xfm r}~repm eg xfm 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà sjp `kmj~ky hmgolmh, Ox sjp j xeek xe

hmwmker g~ed soxfol,

Xfm lmvx pxmr sjp xe j~~owm jx sfjx èlpxox}xmh kmjhm~pfor z}jkoxomp, Jgxm~ j kex eg

px}hy jlh ~mpmj~`f+ ge`}p c~e}r hop`}ppoelp jlh olxm~j`xoelp+ soxf xer djljcmdmlx

jlh èlp}kxjlxp+ pmwml z}jkoxomp sm~m j~~owmh jx, Xfmpm sm~m `jkkmh xfm Sor~ep

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Kmjhm~p Z}jkoxomp jlh xfm 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà xeek sjp `jkkmh xfm Sor~ep

Kmjhm~p Z}jkoxomp P}~wmy, Ox fjp les nmèdm sohmky alesl jp xfm SKZ P}~wmy,

Ox sjp odre~xjlx xe hmp`~onm xfm z}jkoxomp ol xfm ge~d eg enpm~wjnkm nmfjwoe~p, Mj`f

z}jkoxy sjp hmp`~onmh ol xfm xm~dp eg 7$3 enpm~wjnkm nmfjwoe~p,

J p`jkm fjh xe nm pmkm`xmh ge~ dmjp}~olc xfm nmfjwoe~, Oloxojkky+ ox sjp ~jxmh jp

px~mlcxf e~ j smjalmpp el j =$ reolx p`jkm, Kjxm~ el xfop sjp èlwm~xmh xe g~mz}ml`y

p`jkm hmro`xolc sfmxfm~ xfm kmjhm~ jkdepx mvfonoxp xfmpm nmfjwoe~p e~ jkdepx lmwm~

mvfonoxp xfmpm nmfjwoe~p,

Ge~ xfm z}jkoxjxowm èddmlxp+ xfm~m sm~m xf~mm z}mpxoelp nmolc jpamh, Xfmy ge`}pmh

el sfjx px~mlcxfp+ smjalmppmp xfm kmjhm~ reppmppmh jlh fes xfm ~mprelhmlx è}kh

fmkr xfm kmjhm~, Xfop cmlm~jxmh j l}dnm~ eg jlpsm~p+ n}x xfmy sm~m lex lm`mppj~oky

j`xoel e~omlxmh, Xfmpm z}mpxoelp sm~m kjxm~ `fjlcmh xe sfjx xfm kmjhm~ pfe}kh

èlxol}m+ pxj~x jlh pxer heolc,

Xfm ~mprelhmlxp sm~m xfml hmòhmh }rel, Xfmy se}kh nm xfm djljcm~p &e~

djljcm~p ol `jpm eg h}jk ~mre~xolc/+ rmm~p jlh i}loe~p& ol Sor~e xfm se~h

p}ne~holjxmp op lex }pmh/

Xfm ge~djx eg xfm ~mre~x sjp hmòhmh lmvx, Xfm ~mre~x se}kh pfes ge~ mj`f z}jkoxy

sfjx xfm smocfxmh jwm~jcm eg ~mprelpmp ge~ j rj~xo`}kj~ c~e}r &djljcm~p+ rmm~p+

i}loe~p jlh pmkg/ op, Ox se}kh jkpe pfes fes xfm kmjhm~ fjp gj~mh soxf ~mprm x xe

exfm~ kmjhm~p eg fop%fm~ c~jhm &Xer djljcmdmlx+ pmloe~ djljcmdmlx mx`,/ ol xm~dp

eg fes fm%pfm èdrj~mp soxf xfm jwm~jcm jlh xfm nmpx ol `kjpp, Xfm e}xr}x sjp

kj~cmky c~jrfo`jk xe r~ewohm }pm~$g~omlhky ol ge~djxoel,

Ol xfm go~px ymj~ xfm odrkmdmlxjxoel sjp ~mpx~o`xmh xe xer djljcmdmlx, Oxp èwm~jcm

sjp mvxmlhmh xe exfm~ pmloe~ djljcm~p ol xfm lmvx ymj~, Mj`f ymj~ xfm pèrm sjp

ol`~mjpmh xokk ox ~mj`fmh j kj~cm r~ere~xoel eg dohhkm$ djljcm~p kjpx ymj~, &Ol jkk +

ewm~ =22 djlcm~p ~m`mowmh xfmo~ 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà kjpx ymj~ + sfo`f dmjlp

r~e`mppolc j~e}lh :>222 ge~dp/

Ox sjp hmòhmh xe e}x pe}~`m xfm mlxo~m r~e`mppolc xe j xfo~h rj~xy xe djolxjol xfm

èlgohmlxojkoxy eg xfm r~e`mpp, @elgohmlxojkoxy+ koam i}pxo`m+ d}px lex elky mvopx n}x

jkpe nm rm~`mowmh xe mvopx,

>7


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Ox sjp hmòhmh xfjx xfm è$e~holjxoel pfe}kh nm helm jx xfm è~re~jxm kmwmk+ pe xfjx

xfm~m op j hopxjl`m nmxsmml xfm r~e`mpp jlh n}polmpp }lox f}djl ~mpe}~`mp,

>3


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OPP]MP JLH XFMO^ ^MPEK]XOEL

Pfe}kh ox nm j hmwmkerdmlx xeek jkelm e~ rj~x eg xfm jrr~jopjk r~e`mpp5

Wm~y jhwe`jxm xfjx ox pfe}kh nm }pmh jp hmwmkerdmlx xeek jkelm+ jlh lex xe nm pfj~mh

soxf xfm p}rm~wope~, N}x ol Sor~e+ ox sjp hm ohmh xfjx ox pfe}kh nm rj~x eg xfm

jrr~jopjk, J amy mkmdmlx eg xfm jrr~jopjk pypxmd op hmwmkerdmlx eg xfm mdrkeymm, Jx

Sor~e+ ox op nmkomwmh xfjx xfm p}rm~wope~ jlh xfm mdrkeymm j~m rj~xlm~p ol xfm

hmwmkerdmlx eg xfm mdrkeymm soxf `kmj~ ~mprelponokoxomp jppoclmh xe nexf, Xfm SKZ

P}~wmy xfm~mge~m lmmhp xe nm pfj~mh soxf p}rm~wope~ pe xfjx fm%pfm `jl mljnkm xfm

hmwmkerdmlx jlh jkpe èddox xfm lm`mppj~y ~mpe}~`mp,

Pfe}kh rmm~p nm amrx èlgohmlxojk e~ lex5

Sfokm rmm~p fjwm le gmj~ eg nmolc wo`xodomh+ xfm~m op j gmj~ xfjx xfop docfx èdm ol

sjy eg hjoky olxm~j`xoelp, Xfm c~mjxm~ gmj~ op xfjx+ ~mjkoolc xfop1 djly rmm~p se}kh lex

nm felmpx mle}cf soxf xfm gmmhnjà, Fml`m+ ox sjp hmòhmh xe ammr ox èlgohmlxojk,

He pedm rmerkm }pm xfop ge~ rekoxo`jk mlhp5

Ol j sjy + xfop nmèdmp xfm ~mwm~pm eg xfm @^ &@elgohmlxojk ~mre~x/ nm`j}pm xfm i}loe~

gmmhnjà op jlelyde}p jlh xfm p}rm~wope~p p}rm~wope~ hemp ~mjh fop%fm~ èddmlxp,

Xfm~m op xmdrxjxoel ge~ pedm eg xfm ~mre~xp xe }pm xfop jp j xeek xe cmx mwml soxf xfmo~

neppmp e~ ol pedm `jpmp+ èdrmlpjxm ge~ xfmo~ esl jhmz}j`y, Xfjx op xfm ~mjpel sfy xfm

djxfmdjxo`jk hopx~on}xoel eg xfm ~jxolc, Ox fmkrp }lhm~pxjlh og elm ~mprelhmlx fjp xjaml

jl mvx~mdm pxjlh+ moxfm~ repoxowm e~ lmcjxowm,

@EL@K]POEL

Elm eg xfm djie~ èlpohm~jxoelp ge~ e~cjlojxoelp sfo`f fjwm celm ge~ 072 hmc~mm

gmmhnjà + fjp nmml px~jxmco` olxmc~jxoel jlh jkocldmlx eg rm~ge~djl`m djljcmdmlx

soxf n}polmpp cejkp ol xfm ol`~mjpolcky èdrmxoxowm mlwo~eldmlx Ox fjp fmkrmh xe `~mjxm

>6


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j dm`fjlopd ge~ olxmc~jxolc olr}xp+ `~mjxolc jl jrr~er~ojxm se~a `}kx}~m+ jlh }lhm~

nohholc xfm èdrjlyp kmjhm~pfor jppmppdmlx jlh hmwmkerdmlx r~ec~jddm, Jkxfe}cf

ox se}kh nm hmpo~jnkm xe fjwm j 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd ol xfm mlxo~m e~cjlojxoel+

xfm mvrm~oml`m ol Olhoj pfesp xfjx ox fjp pe gj~ nmml kj~cmky olx~eh}`mh jx xfm xer jlh ol

gms `jpmp jx xfm dohhkm kmwmkp ol r~ec~mppowm èdrjlomp,

>?


30/105

>,> @EDRJL_ RÊGOKM

Mddmxx fjp nmml j`xowm ol `jxm~olc xe xfm e}xpe}~ olc lmmhp eg r}nkopfm~p jlh exfm~

e~cjlojxoelp pol`m :??>, Ewm~ xfm ymj~p+ sm fjwm jherxmh j pmjdkmpp rj~xlm~pfor jrr~ej`f,

Xfm `komlx e~cjlojxoelp j~m jksjyp èdge~xjnkm ol hmjkolc soxf Mddmxx jlh se~a jp x~}m

rj~xlm~p1 egxml soxf xfm gmmkolc xfjx xfop op j wo~x}jk mvxmlpoel eg xfmo~ esl erm~jxoelp, Ox op

e}~ px~elc nmkomg xfjx xfop olxmc~jxoel op xfm è~lm~pxelm eg xfm p}``mpp eg jly e}xpe}~òlc

~mkjxoelpfor,

Mddmxx pxj~xmh soxf elky :2 r~egmppoeljkp jlh xehjy fjp c~esl xe j wm~y

p}npxjlxowm pom eg =22, Xfop c~esxf fjp nmml djhm repponkm ny ~en}px pypxmdp jlh

r~e`mppmp xfjx kmjh xe ~mkojnkm e}xr}x, Sm fjwm mvrm~xopm ol se~agkes djljcmdmlx+ jlh ol

hmwmkerolc r~e`mppmp xfjx kmjh xe hmpo~mh z}jkoxy kmwmkp jlh j`fomwm xfm kesmpx èpx eg

r~eh}`xoel, @komlxp fjwm egxml èdm njà jlh xekh }p xfjx Mddmxxp ~mkojnokoxy fjp kmh xe xfm

c~esxf eg xfmo~ e~cjlojxoel,

Mddmxx r~ewohmp He`}dmlx Djljcmdmlx+ m$R}nkopfolc jlh Hjxj @elwm~poel

pek}xoelp }polc erxodjk r~e`mpp mlcolmm~olc+ èpx$mggm`xowm jlh gkmvonkm èlwm~poel pypxmdp,

Xehjy+ Mddmxx op j djie~ g}kk$pm~wo`m hocoxjk èlxmlx r~ewohm~ g~ed Olhoj jlh op jnkm xe

hmkowm~ hocoxjk èlxmlx soxf ??,??=- j``}~j`y jlh :22- jrrko`jxoel njpmh olxmc~oxy,

Sm fjwm xfm jnokoxy xe kmj~l jlh p`jkm ol wm~y pfe~x e~hm~, Kj~cm d}kxo$dokkoel rjcm

èlx~j`xp fjwm nmml mvm`}xmh el xodm jgxm~ j`fomwolc pxmmr ~jdr$}r ~mz}o~mdmlxp, Xfm

olxm~ljk pypxmdp mlp}~m xfjx `komlxp cmx j ~mjk xodm pxjx}p `fmà eg xfmo~ r~eim`xp,

Mddmxx fjp jksjyp nmml j r~egoxjnkm jlh c~esxf e~omlxmh e~cjlojxoel+ kmjholc xe

oxp kelcmwoxy jlh r~ohmp oxpmkg jp jl e~cjlojxoel xfjx `komlxp fjwm kmj~lx xe x~}px,

Z]JKOX_

E}~ kelc$pxjlholc mvrm~oml m ol `jxm~olc xe olxm~ljxoeljk r}nkopfm~p fjp kmh xe xfm

hmwmkerdmlx eg z}jkoxy pypxmdp xfjx hmkowm~ ~en}px jlh ~mkojnkm e}xr}x ~e}xolmky, Xfm

02


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pypxmdp mlp}~m xfjx mj`f jlh mwm~y mdrkeymm op èddoxxmh xe dmmxolc jlh mv`mmholc `komlx

enim`xowmp,

Sm fjwm j`fomwmh lexmse~xfy kjlhdj~ap ol z}jkoxy soxf e}~ se~kh$`kjpp pypxmd èlge~dolc

xe OPE ?22:$>222 pxjlhj~hp, Mwm~y polckm njx`f eg hjxj d}px nm `m~xogomh jp rm~ xfm ~mz}o~mh

`}pxedm~ pxjlhj~h+ r~oe~ xe hmkowm~y xe j `komlx, Mddmxx fjp mpxjnkopfmh jl odrm``jnkm

~mè~h jlh op alesl ge~ mlp}~olc xfjx le hmgm`xowm hjxj mwm~ ~mj`fmp xfm `komlx,

Mddmxxp Z}jkoxy rm~pellmk se~a olhmrmlhmlxky eg xfm r~eh}`xoel xmjd, Xfmy ~mre~x

ho~m`xky xe xfmo~ ~mprm`xowm c~e}r fmjh+ xfm~mny mljnkolc g~mmhed g~ed r~eh}`xoel r~mpp}~mp,

E}~ Z}jkoxy Pypxmdp ol`k}hm9 Olxm~dmhojxm J}hox jlh Goljk J}hox,

Olxm~dmhojxm J}hox

Olxm~dmhojxm J}hox jx Mddmxx op helm xe mlp}~m xfm z}jkoxy eg xfm hjxj sfokm ol r~eh}`xoel

jlh fml`m xe mlp}~m xfm è~~m`xlmpp h}~olc mj`f p}``mppowm pxjcm eg r~eh}`xoel,

Goljk J}hox

Z}jkoxy Wm~ogo`jxoel op helm xf~e}cf J}hox eg Goljk Hmkowm~jnkm Hjxj, Ox op helm xe mlp}~m xfm

z}jkoxy eg xfm hjxj jp rm~ xfm èddoxdmlx xe `}pxedm~p, Sm pmkm`x xfm hjxj pjdrkmp xe `fmà

xfm hjxj px~}`x}~jkky jlh mlp}~m xfjx le hmgm`xowm hjxj mwm~ ~mj`fmp `komlx,

Sm jl hmkowm~ hocoxjk èlxmlx ol jly ge~djx ol`k}holc9

VDK

PCDK

FXDK

RHG

JP@OO

Rjkd m$Neea

0:


32/105

Erml m$Neea

Do`~epegx ^mjhm~

Jhenm J`~enjx m$Neea ^mjhm~

Odjcmp &p}`f jp+ Xogg+ IRC/

E}~ elwm~poel pek}xoelp hmkowm~ hjxj xfjx op9

Keco`jkky jlh ]loge~dky Px~}`x}~mh

@elpopxmlx soxf xfm Olxmc~oxy eg xfm E~ocoljk @elxmlx

Ml~o`fmh soxf G}l`xoeljkoxy jlh Olxmkkocml`m

@elwm~xmh jx Dolodjk @epx

Eg xfm Focfmpx Z}jkoxy+ ^mkojnokoxy jlh El e~ Nmge~m Xodm

Xfm gekkesolc op xfm ewm~woms eg xfm he`}dmlx djljcmdmlx pek}xoelp eg pedm eg

xfm r~eim`xp &el ceolc jp smkk jp mvm`}xmh/+ sfo`f hmp`~onmp e}~ `jrjnokoxomp jlh mvrm~xopm

ol r~ewoholc d}kxorkm pek}xoelp ge~ mkm`x~elo` èlwm~poel jlh èlxmlx djljcmdmlx pm~wo`mp

J~`fowjk Golholc Johp

Kmcjk ^mè~hp

R}nko` ]xokoxy

Mj~ky Mlckopf Dmhomwjk Neeap

0>
http://www.acesoftex.com/archivalfindingaids.asphttp://www.acesoftex.com/leegal_records.asphttp://www.acesoftex.com/public_utilitys.asphttp://www.acesoftex.com/medieval_books.asphttp://www.acesoftex.com/archivalfindingaids.asphttp://www.acesoftex.com/leegal_records.asphttp://www.acesoftex.com/public_utilitys.asphttp://www.acesoftex.com/medieval_books.asp


33/105

@FJRXM^$ OOO

JLJK_POP

00


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HJXJ JLJK_POP JLH OLXM^R^MXJXOEL

Xfm hjxj èkkm`xmh j~m jljkymh jlh olxm~r~mxmh xe j~~owm jx poclogo`jlx golholcp, Xfm j~mj

ge~ sfo`f xfm jljkypop sjp helm op jp gekkesp9

Peòe$ Hmdec~jrfo` hmxjokp eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp, & Xjnkm Le, :,: :,8/

Xfm ~mprelhmlxp womsp el 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd rm~ pm, & Xjnkm Le, :,=

:,?/

Xfm ~mprelhmlxp womsp el xfm odrkmdmlxjxoel r~e`mpp eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà

pypxmd, & Xjnkm Le,:,:2 :,:8/

Xfm ~mprelhmlxp womsp el xfm r~m$ ~mz}opoxmp lmmhmh ge~ 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà

pypxmd, & Xjnkm Le, :,:= :,:6/

^mprelhmlxp rm~`mrxoel el xfm dm~oxp eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd, & Xjnkm

Le,:,:? :,>8/

Xfm ~mprelhmlxp eroloel el xfm hmdm~oxp eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd, & Xjnkm

Le, :,>= :,>6/

@edrj~opel nmxsmml xfm jcm eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp jlh xfmo~ eroloel el xfm

dmjp}~jnokoxy eg rm~ge~djl`m j~mjp,

@edrj~opel nmxsmml xfm cmlhm~ eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp jlh xfmo~ eroloel elèlx~on}xoel eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd xe kmjhm~pfor hmwmkerdmlx,

@edrj~opel nmxsmml xfm cmlhm~ eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp jlh xfmo~ eroloel el ~mkojnokoxy

eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd,

08


35/105

Pm`xoel O

Pe`oe Hmdec~jrfo` R~egokm

Xjnkm Le9 :,:

^mprelhmlxp ny Jcm

Xfm Jcm op xfm kmlcxf eg xfm xodm xfjx elm fjp mvopxmh,

0=

Jcm

&Ol ymj~p/

G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

>2 >= >7 8:,?

>= 02 >7 8:,?

02 0= :2 :7,>

Xexjk 7> :22,2


36/105

Ox op jrrj~mlx xfjx j c~mjx djie~oxy eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp &68 rm~ `mlx/ nmkelc xe xfm jcm c~e}r

eg >2$02 ymj~p+ jlh xfm ~mpx eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp gjkk soxfol xfm jcm c~e}r eg 02$0= ymj~p,

Xf}p+ sm `jl olgm~ xfjx OX pm`xe~ jxx~j`xp ye}lc se~aolc rer}kjxoel jlh ~mxjol xfm pjdm,

Fml`m+ fjwolc ye}lc se~aolc rer}kjxoel op jl jhwjlxjcm xe xfm `edrjly xe n~olc ol lms

`el`mrxp jlh odrj~x xfm pjdm mjpoky,

Xf}p+ sm }lhm~pxjlh xfjx xfm pjdrkm op ~mkjxowmky ye}lc, Xfm dmjl jcm op >7,36 ymj~p,

Hojc~jd Le9 :,: &j/

Rom hojc~jd pfesolc xfm hopx~on}xoel eg ^mprelhmlxp ny Jcm

07


37/105

8>-

8>-

:7-

>2 >= >= 02 02 0=

03


38/105

Xjnkm Le9 :,>

^mprelhmlxp ny Pmv

Xfm jnewm xjnkm cowmp xfm pmv$ sopm hopx~on}xoel eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp,

G~ed xfm jnewm xjnkm ox op `kmj~ xfjx xfm djie~oxy eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp &6=,= rm~ `mlx/ j~m

djkmp,

Xfe}cf xfm OX pm`xe~ op jl mz}jk erre~x}loxy mdrkeym~+ xfm hopx~on}xoel ~mwmjkp xfjx depx eg

xfm ~mprelhmlxp j~m djkmp,

06

Cmlhm~ G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Djkm =0 6=,=

Gmdjkm ? :8,=

Xexjk 7> :22,2


39/105

Xjnkm Le9 :,0

^mprelhmlxp ny Hmpocljxoel

Hmpocljxoel ~mgm~p xe xfm hopxolc}opfolc ljdm e~ xoxkm cowml xe ohmlxogy j rj~xo }kj~ repoxoel

ol xfm e~cjlojxoel, Xfop jkpe mljnkmp xe }lhm~pxjlh xfm wj~oe}p repoxoelp ol jl e~cjlojxoel

`fj~x, Ol pedm `jpmp xfm hmpocljxoel j}xedjxo`jkky prmkkp e}x xfm h}xomp jlh ~mprelponokoxomp

eg j rm~pel,

0?

Hmpocljxoel G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Pegxsj~m mlcolmm~ >6 8=,>

Pmloe~ pegxsj~m mlcolmm~ >3 80,=

R~eim`x kmjhm~ = 6,:

R~eim`x djljcm~ > 0,>

Xexjk 7> :22,2


40/105

Jkk xfm ~mprelhmlxp sm~m r~egmppoeljkky z}jkogomh, Xfmo~ hmpocljxoelp ~jlcm g~ed Pegxsj~m

Mlcolmm~p+ Pmloe~ Pegxsj~m Mlcolmm~p+ jlh R~eim`x Kmjhm~p xe R~eim`x Djljcm~p, J c~mjx

djie~oxy eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp &66,3 rm~ `mlx/ nmkelc xe xfm hmpocljxoel eg Pegxsj~m Mlcolmm~p

jlh Pmloe~ Pegxsj~m Mlcolmm~p+ sfokm ~mpx eg xfmd gjkk }lhm~ xse

Exfm~ repoxoelp, Cmlm~jkky xfm ~mprelhmlxp soxf kelcm~ ymj~p eg mvrm~oml`m j~m hmpocljxmh

jp r~eim`x kmjhm~p jlh r~eim`x djljcm~p,

Xf}p g~ed xfm jnewm xjnkm ox `jl olgm~~mh xfjx xfm djie~oxy eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp j~m Pegxsj~m

Mlcolmm~p jlh Pmloe~ Pegxsj~m Mlcolmm~p,

Xjnkm Le9 :, 8

^mprelhmlxp ny ymj~p eg Mvrm~oml`m

Xfm se~a mvrm~oml`m `elx~on}xmp xe xfm j``}d}kjxoel eg aleskmhcm e~ paokk xfjx ~mp}kxp

g~ed ho~m`x rj~xo`orjxoel ol mwmlxp e~ j`xowoxomp ewm~ j cowml l}dnm~ eg ymj~p,

Se~a Mvrm~oml`m

&ol ymj~p/

G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

:$0 >7 8:,?

0$= >? 87,6

=$3 = 6,:

3 $? > 0,>

Xexjk 7> :22,2

82


41/105

Xfm jnewm xjnkm olho`jxmp xfm hopx~on}xoel eg ~mprelhmlxp njpmh el xfm ymj~p eg mvrm~oml`m

ol xfmo~ ~mprm`xowm e~cjlojxoelp,

J c~mjx djie~oxy eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp &66,3 rm~ `mlx/ fjwm kmpp xfjl = ymj~p eg mvrm~oml`m,

Elky > ~mprelhmlxp fjwm de~m xfjl 3 ymj~p eg mvrm~oml`m,

Fml`m g~ed xfm jnewm xjnkm ox `jl nm olgm~~mh xfjx xfm dmjl ymj~p eg mvrm~oml`m op 0 ymj~p,

Xfm ymj~p eg mvrm~oml`m ~jlcmp g~ed kmpp xfjl j ymj~ xe ? ymj~p,

Pm`xoel OO

^mprelhmlxp womsp el 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd

Xjnkm Le9 :,=

Hopx~on}xoel eg ~mprelhmlxp ny xfmo~ womsp el xfm pxjxmdmlx+ 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà op

nmxxm~ xfjl x~jhoxoeljk jrr~jopjk pypxmd

072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà op mdm~colc jp jl odre~xjlx F^ xeek ckenjkky, J`è~holc xe Z}e~}d

Rpy`fekecopxp Olxm~ljxoeljk+ 02 rm~ `mlx eg xfm e~cjlojxoelp j~m `}~~mlxky }polc ox ol xfm

]A jlh j l}dnm~ eg èdrjlomp j~m rkjllolc xe }pm ox ol xfm g}x}~m, Ol Olhoj+ xee+ jsj~mlmpp

jne}x xfop xeek op ol`~mjpolc jlh pedm r~ec~mppowm èdrjlomp j~m }polc ox kj~cmky ge~

hmwmkerdmlxjk r}~repmp, &^jhfj ^ Pfj~dj+ >2269 rr 8/

8:


42/105

Xfm jnewm xjnkm olho`jxmp xfjx j wm~y c~mjx djie~oxy &?7,6 rm~ `mlx/ eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp fjwm

jc~mmh xe xfm pxjxmdmlx xfjx 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd op nmxxm~ xfjl x~jhoxoeljk jrr~jopjk

pypxmd,

Fml`m g~ed xfm xjnkm ox `jl nm olgm~~mh xfjx xfm jhwjlxjcm eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà ewm~

x~jhoxoeljk pypxmdp op xfjx ox èkkm`xp de~m olge~djxoel jne}x jl mdrkeymmp rm~ge~djl`m

jlh fop%fm~ hmwmkerdmlx j~mjp+ mljnkolc elm xe cowm xfm depx nmlmgoòjk gmmhnjà,

Xjnkm Le9 :,7

Hopx~on}xoel eg ~mprelhmlxp ny xfmo~ womsp el xfm pxjxmdmlx 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà fjp

xfm jnokoxy xe pekwm xfm r~enkmdp jx ~eex `j}pm

072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd fmkrp ol xfm ohmlxogo`jxoel eg xfm r~enkmd, Ox gjòkoxjxmp xfm

e~cjlojxoeljk èlxmvx ge~ golholc j pek}xoel xe xfm r~enkmd, Goljkky ox mljnkmp j hmxjokmh

rkjl eg odrkmdmlxjxoel jlh gekkes$}r,

8>

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Px~elcky jc~mm >0 03,:

Jc~mm 03 =?,3

Px~elcky hopjc~mm : :,7

Hopjc~mm : :,7

Xexjk 7> :22,2


43/105

J wm~y c~mjx djie~oxy &?6,0 rm~ `mlx/ eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp fjwm erolmh xfjx 072 hmc~mm

gmmhnj`a pypxmd fjp xfm jnokoxy xe pekwm xfm r~enkmdp jx ~eex `j}pm, Elky elm ~mprelhmlx

fjp hopjc~mmh xe xfm pxjxmdmlx,

Xf}p ox `jl nm olgm~~mh g~ed xfm jnewm xjnkm xfjx r~enkmd `kj~ogo`jxoel xf~e}cf 072 hmc~mm

gmmhnj`a fmkrp xe j`fomwm e~ kmjh xe j`xoel e~ j `fjlcm,

Xjnkm Le9 :,3

80

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Px~elcky jc~mm 08 =8,6

Jc~mm >3 80,=

Hopjc~mm : :,7

Xexjk 7> :22,2


44/105

Hopx~on}xoel eg ~mprelhmlxp ny xfmo~ womsp el xfm pxjxmdmlx+ 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà

pypxmd dexowjxmp rmerkm ol cowolc felmpx jlh enim`xowm gmmhnjà

072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd `~mjxmp x~}px jdelc xfm rmerkm ~mcj~holc xfm felmpx jlh

enim`xowm gmmhnjà, Ox mljnkmp xfm mdrkeymmp xe nmkomwm xfjx xfm 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà

pypxmd olx~eh}`mh ny xfm e~cjlojxoel op olxmlhmh xe gjòkoxjxm xfmo~ hmwmkerdmlx, Xfop

r~e`mpp mlfjl`mp xfmo~ olxm~mpx xesj~hp xfm xeek,

88

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Px~elcky jc~mm := >8,>

Jc~mm >7 8:,?

Px~elcky hopjc~mm :> :?,8

Hopjc~mm ? :8,=

Xexjk 7> :22,2


45/105

Lmj~ky xse xfo~h eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp &77,: rm~ `mlx/ fjwm jc~mmh xfjx 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà

pypxmd fmkrp rmerkm ol cowolc felmpx jlh enim`xowm gmmhnj a+ sfokm xfm exfm~p &00,? rm~

`mlx/ j~m lex ge~ xfm pxjxmdmlx,

Fml`m g~ed xfm jnewm xjnkm ox `jl nm olxm~r~mxmh xfjx xfm ~mprelhmlxp j~m èlwol`mh jne}x

xfm wjk}m jhhoxoel djhm ny xfm xeek xe xfm e~cjlojxoel, N}x cowml xfm gj`x xfjx j pomjnkm

r~ere~xoel eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp &00,? rm~ `mlx/ erolm xfjx 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà hemp lex cowm

felmpx jlh enim`xowm gmmhnjà cowmp jhmz}jxm pèrm ge~ olx~eprm`xoel,

Hojc~jd Le 9:,3 &j/

Rom hojc~jd pfesolc ge~ xfm pxjxmdmlx+ 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd dexowjxmp rmerkm

ol cowolc felmpx jlh enim`xowm gmmhnjà

>8-

8>-

:?-

:=-

P x~elcky jc~mmJ c~mm P x~elcky h opjc~mmHopjc ~m

8=


46/105

87


47/105

Xjnkm Le9 :,6


pypxmd `jl nm j`èdrkopfmh elky sfml mwm~yelm ol xfm howopoel rm~ge~dp,

Xfm olwekwmdmlx jlh èlx~on}xoel eg mj`f dmdnm~ djy wj~y j`~epp xfm e~cjlojxoeljk

px~}`x}~m jlh mprmòjkky sfokm `jp`jholc hesl xfm px~}`x}~m xfm èlx~on}xoel kmwmk ~mh}`mp

xe xfm dolod}d, N}x mwm~y rm~`mlxjcm eg èlx~on}xoel op odre~xjlx, Fml`m ox op odre~xjlx

xe ales xfm ~mprelhmlxp womsp el xfm lmmh xe fjwm jkk xfm rm~pelp èl`m~lmh rj~xoòrjxm ol

xfm jppmppdmlx,

83

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Px~elcky jc~mm = 6,:

Jc~mm :: :3,3

Px~elcky hopjc~mm := >8,>

Hopjc~mm 0: =2,2

Xexjk 7> :22,2


48/105

Xfop rj~xo`}kj~ z}mpxoel op jodmh xe golh e}x xfm mdrfjpop el èlx~on}xoel eg mj`f dmdnm~

eg xfm e~cjlojxoel xesj~hp xfm 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà+ pmx }r ge~ xfm xjpa% r~eim`x, Soxf c~mjx

djie~oxy eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp &38,> rm~ `mlx/ hopjc~mmolc soxf xfm pjdm op j `kmj~ olho`jxoel

xfjx 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà hemp lex hmrmlh el è$erm~jxowm mgge~x,

Xf}p g~ed xfm jnewm xjnkm ox `jl nm olgm~~mh xfjx djie~oxy eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp fjwm erolmh

xfjx 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd hemp lex kmjh xe è$ erm~jxowm mgge~x,

Hojc~jd Le 9:,6&j/

Nj~ hojc~jd pfesolc ge~ xfm pxjxmdmlx+ 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd `jl nm

j`èdrkopfmh elky sfml mwm~yelm ol xfm howopoel rm~ge~dp,

86


49/105

2

=

:2

:=

>2

>=

02

0=

82

8=

=2

Rm~`mlxjcm

Px~elcky

jc~mm

Jc~mm Px~elcky hopjc~mm Hopjc~mm

^mprelpm

6,:-

:3,3-

>8,>

-

=2 -

Xjnkm Le9 :,?


pypxmd fmkrp ol ewm~jkk hmwmkerdmlx eg jl olhowoh}jk

Xfm 072 hmc~mm gmmhnj`a r~e`mpp r~ewohmp jl erre~x}loxy ge~ xfm mdrkeymm jlh

rm~ge~djl`m djljcm~ xe hop`}pp hmwmkerdmlx cejkp jlh ieolxky `~mjxm j rkjl ge~ j`fomwolc

8?


50/105

xfepm cejkp, Hmwmkerdmlx rkjlp pfe}kh èlx~on}xm xe e~cjlojxoeljk cejkp jlh xfm

r~egmppoeljk c~esxf eg xfm mdrkeymm,

Ox op olgm~~mh g~ed xfm xjnkm xfjx j wm~y c~mjx djie~oxy &?> rm~ `mlx/ eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp j~m

èlgohmlx xfjx 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd mlp}~mp hmwmkerdmlx eg xfm olhowoh}jk+ sfokm

xfm exfm~p &6 rm~ `mlx/ hopjc~mm xe xfm pjdm,

=2

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Px~elcky jc~mm 03 =?,3

Jc~mm >2 0>,0

Px~elcky hopjc~mm 0 8,6

Hopjc~mm > 0,>

Xexjk 7> :22,2


51/105

Xfop cowmp mwohml`m xfjx xfm èdrjly fjp j èdr~mfmlpowm rm~ge~djl`m djljcmdmlx

Pypxmd xfjx fmkrp xe n}okh xfm `j~mm~ eg xfm mdrkeymm,

Pm`xoel OOO

Odrkmdmlxjxoel eg 072 Hmc~mm gmmhnjà Pypxmd

Xjnkm Le9 :,:2

Hopx~on}xoel eg ~mprelhmlxp ny xfmo~ womsp el xfm pxjxmdmlx+ Rm~ge~djl`m j~mjp

dmjp}~mh }lhm~ 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd j~m `kmj~ky dmjp}~jnkm

J z}jlxoxjxowm e~ z}jkoxjxowm `fj~j`xm~ojxoel eg rm~ge~djl`m+ rm~ge~djl`m dmjp}~mdmlx op

j r~e`mpp eg jppmppolc r~ec~mpp xesj~hp j`fomwolc r~m hmxm~dolmh cejkp+ ol k}holc

olge~djxoel el xfm mggoòml`y soxf sfo f ~mpe}~ mp j~m x~jlpge~dmh olxe ceehp jlh

pm~wo`mp,

=:

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Px~elcky jc~mm :? 02,7

Jc~mm :0 >:,2

Px~elcky hopjc~mm :0 >:,2

Hopjc~mm :3 >3,8

Xexjk 7> :22,2


52/105

J koxxkm de~m xfjl fjkg eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp &=:,7 rm~ `mlx/ fjwm jc~mmh xfjx rm~ge~djl`m

j~mjp j~m dmjp}~jnkm mjpoky }lhm~ 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd,

Xf}p+ sm `jl olgm~ xfjx xfm~m op j dovmh ~mprelpm jp ~mcj~hp xfm `kmj~ dmjp}~jnokoxy eg

rm~ge~djl`m j~mjp eg j 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd,

Xjnkm Le9 :,::

Hopx~on}xoel eg ~mprelhmlxp ny xfmo~ womsp el xfm pxjxmdmlx+ Xer djljcmdmlx op

p}``mppg}k ol `~mjxolc repoxowm g~jdm eg dolh jdelcpx mdrkeymmp soxf ~mcj~h xe 072

hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd,

J`è~holc xe Xed P}kkowjl+ j kmjholc j}xfe~+ Xfm r~e`mpp eg r~mrj~olc ge~ 072 hmc~mm

jppmppdmlx op j hmwmkerdmlx ie}~lmy ol oxpmkg, Jkk xfm dmdnm~p eg xfm e~cjlojxoel pfe}kh

nm olwekwmh, Ewm~x p}rre~x g~ed xer djljcmdmlx op lm`mppj~y ge~ xfm p}``mpp eg xfop

jrr~ej`f+ jp soxfe}x ox xfm jrr~ej`f sokk ~mdjol elky el rjrm~, Xfop olwekwmdmlx eg Xer

djljcmdmlx op p}~m xe olpxjkk repoxowm ~molge~`mdmlx jdelc mdrkeymmp,

&^jhfj ^ Pfj~dj+ >2269 rr :0/

=>

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y&l/

Rm~ `mlx&-/

Px~elcky jc~mm 02 86,8

Jc~mm 0: =2,2


Xexjk 7> :22,2


53/105

J wm~y c~mjx djie~oxy eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp &?6,8 rm~ `mlx/ jc~mm xe xfm gj x xfjx xer

djljcmdmlx olpxokkp ol xfmd j repoxowm g~jdm eg dolh soxf ~mgm~ml`m xe 072 hmc~mm

gmmhnjà pypxmd, Xfm hopjc~mmdmlx xe xfm jnewm pxjxmdmlx ny pedm eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp

è}kh nm h}m xe kmppm~ olxm~j`xoel soxf xfm xer djljcmdmlx,

Xf}p+ g~ed xfm jnewm xjnkm ox `jl nm olgm~~mh xfjx xfm e~cjlojxoel fjp xjaml lm`mppj~y pxmrp

ol olpxokkolc j repoxowm g~jdm eg dolh soxf ~mgm~ml`m xe 072 hmc~mm pypxmd xe oxp mdrkeymmp,

Xjnkm Le9 :,:>


pypxmd op mjpy xe }lhm~pxjlh

072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd nmèdmp jl odre~xjlx xeek ol xfm fjlhp eg xfm F^ r~j`xoxoelm~,

Xfm xm~d 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà op xjaml g~ed cmedmx~y xe dmjl jkk j~e}lh, Xfop op xe nm

èlx~jpxmh soxf j x~jhoxoeljk gmmhnjà pypxmd xfjx nmkomwmp ol gmmhnjà g~ed xfm p}rm~oe~+

e~ pedmnehy focfm~ }r ol xfm ~mre~xolc `fjol+ om, elky ol j px~jocfx kolm, Gmmhnjà el xfm

exfm~ fjlh op dm~m hjxj e~ olge~djxoel ~mkmwjlx xe xfm j`xoelp eg jl olhowoh}jk$ n}x cowml

soxfe}x i}hcdmlx,

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Px~elcky jc~mm >6 8=,>

Jc~mm 02 86,8

=0


54/105


Hopjc~mm 0 8,6

Xexjk 7> :22,2

J wm~y c~mjx djie~oxy eg xfm ~mprelhmlx &?0,7 rm~ `mlx/ fjwm erolmh xfjx xfmy fjwm `kmj~ky

}lhm~pxeeh xfm èl`mrx+ sfokm xfm exfm~p &7,8 rm~ `mlx/ he lex gmmk pe,

Fml`m g~ed xfm jnewm xjnkm ox `jl nm olgm~~mh xfjx xfm e~cjlojxoel fjp xjaml lm`mppj~y

pxmrp xe djam xfm èl`mrx mjpoky }lhm~pxjlhjnkm xe xfm mdrkeymmp,

Xjnkm Le9 :,:0

Hopx~on}xoel eg ~mprelhmlxp ny xfmo~ womsp el xfm pxjxmdmlx+ R~olòrkmp jlh rekoòmp

eg xfm e~cjlojxoel j~m jkoclmh soxf 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà

Elm eg xfm djie~ èlpohm~jxoelp ge~ e~cjlojxoelp sfo`f fjwm celm ge~ 072 hmc~mm

gmmhnjà fjp nmml px~jxmco` olxmc~jxoel jlh jkocldmlx eg rm~ge~djl`m djljcmdmlx soxf

n}polmpp cejkp ol xfm ol`~mjpolcky èdrmxoxowm mlwo~eldmlx, Ox fjp fmkrmh xe `~mjxm j

dm`fjlopd ge~ olxmc~jxolc olr}xp+ `~mjxolc jl jrr~er~ojxm se~a `}kx}~m+ jlh }lhm~$nohholc

xfm èdrjlyp kmjhm~pfor jppmppdmlx jlh hmwmkerdmlx r~ec~jddm,

=8


55/105

J wm~y c~mjx djie~oxy eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp &?> rm~ `mlx/ fjwm jc~mmh xe xfm pxjxmdmlx

R~olòrkmp jlh rekoòmp eg xfm e~cjlojxoel j~m jkoclmh soxf 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà, Gowm

~mprelhmlxp eg xfm xexjk `mlp}p fjwm hopjc~mmh xe xfm pxjxmdmlx,

Xf}p+ g~ed xfm xjnkm ox `jl nm olgm~~mh xfjx 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd `~mjxmp

dm`fjlopdp ge~ olxmc~jxolc d}kxorkm èlpxox}mlòmp jlh olr}xp jlh gjòkoxjxmp xfm

hmwmkerdmlx eg jl jrr~er~ojxm `}kx}~m ge~ èdrmxoxowm jhwjlxjcm jlh mljnkmp

e~cjlojxoeljk x~jlpge~djxoel,Xjnkm Le9 :,:8

Hopx~on}xoel eg ~mprelhmlxp ny xfmo~ womsp el xfm pxjxmdmlx+ Olh}`xoel el xfm pypxmd

xe lmsky ~m`~}oxmh op cowml

Xfm depx poclogo jlx jprm x eg xfm olx~eh}`xoel eg xfm 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd op

jppmppolc xfm ~mjholmpp eg nexf xfm e~cjlojxoel jlh olhowoh}jk, Xfm ge~mdepx èlpohm~jxoel

ge~ jl e~cjlojxoel ol hmòholc ge~ 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà op sfmxfm~ oxp enim`xowm op xe }pm ox

jp gmmhnjà e~ jrr~jopjk, Fml`m e~cjlojxoel djamp lm`mppj~y j~~jlcmdmlxp xe cowm

olh}`xoel el xfm pypxmd xe lmsky ~m`~}oxmh mdrkeymmp,

==

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Px~elcky jc~mm >? 87,6

Jc~mm >6 8=,>

Hopjc~mm = 6,:

Xexjk 7> :22,2


56/105

J c~mjx djie~oxy eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp &?2,0 rm~ `mlx/ nmkomwm xfjx xfm olh}`xoel el xfm

pypxmd op cowml xe xfm lms mdrkeymmp, Ol xfm e~cjlojxoel sfm~m xfm px}hy sjp èlh}`xmh

072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd op olx~eh}`mh jp rj~x eg xfm olh}`xoel el9 Rm~ge~djl`m

jrr~jopjk jlh p}``mppoel rkjllolc+ Xmjd hmwmkerdmlx+ E~cjlojxoeljk hmwmkerdmlx soxf

px~jxmco` cejkp,

@elpmz}mlxky+ olh}`xoel el 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà se}kh fjwm nmml jp rj~x eg olh}`xoel el

Rm~ge~djl`m jrr~jopjk jlh p}``mppoel rkjllolc, Xfm F^ hmrj~xdmlx sokk fjwm xe xjam

=7

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Px~elcky jc~mm 0> =:,7

Jc~mm >8 06,3

Px~elcky hopjc~mm > 0,>

Hopjc~mm 8 7,=

Xexjk 7> :22,2


57/105

pm~oe}pky eg xfm gj`x xfjx 7 ~mprelhmlxp fjwm mvr~mppmh jne}x xfm oljhmz}j`y eg xfm

olh}`xoel,

Pm`xoel OW

R~m ^mz}opoxmp eg 072 Hmc~mm Gmmhnjà Pypxmd

Xjnkm Le9 :,:=

Hopx~on}xoel eg ~mprelhmlxp ny xfmo~ woms el xfm pxjxmdmlx+ R~erm~ èdd}lo`jxoel

jne}x xfm 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà enim`xowmp xe mj`f mdrkeymm

Xe mvm`}xm px~jxmcy ol aleskmhcm njpmh e~cjlojxoel+ xfepm soxf xfm aleskmhcm pfe}kh

}lhm~pxjlh sfjx xfm px~jxmcy op, Xfepm jx xfm xer fjwm xe ge~d}kjxm xfm px~jxmcy+ n}x xfml

xfmy fjwm xe mh}`jxm mwm~y rm~pel ol xfm se~age~`m jne}x sfjx xfm px~jxmcy op, Ge~ xfop xfm

e~cjlojxoel fjp xe nm mh}`jxmh pe elm fjp xe r}x xecmxfm~ èdr~mfmlpowm r~ec~jddm xe

èdd}lo`jxm+ èdd}lo`jxm jlh èdd}lo`jxm xe xfm e~cjlojxoel sfjxp odre~xjlx, Nmpx

r~j`xo m èdrjlomp fjwm ge}lh sjyp xe }pm xfm èdrkmxm prm`x~}d eg èdd}lo jxoel

xm`floz}mp,

Jkk xfm ~mprelhmlxp jc~mmolc xe xfm gj`x xfjx èdd}lo`jxoel eg xfm 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà

enim`xowmp op djlhjxe~y olho`jxmp jne}x xfm px~elc èdd}lo`jxoel rjxxm~l r~j`xo`mh ol xfm

e~cjlojxoel,

=3

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Px~elcky jc~mm 0: =2,2

Jc~mm 0: =2,2

Xexjk 7> :22,2


58/105

Xf}p+ g~ed xfm jnewm xjnkm ox `jl nm olxm~r~mxmh xfjx xfm e~cjlojxoel op p}``mppg}k ol

èdd}lo`jxolc xfm 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà enim`xowmp xe oxp mdrkeymmp,

Xjnkm Le9 :,:7


pypxmd se~ap nmpx sfm~m mlwo~eldmlx op erml jlh rj~xoòrjxe~y

Pmmaolc gmmhnjà op olfm~mlx xe f}djl ljx}~m, Kmj~lolc g~ed ox+ fesmwm~+ op jl j`z}o~mh

paokk, Xfm depx p}``mppg}k djljcm~p jlh kmjhm~p fjwm keeamh ge~ `}mp eg xfmo~ mggm`xowmlmpp

ny èlpxjlxky pmmaolc gmmhnjà, Xfmy fjwm kmj~lx xe odr~ewm ny sjx`folc xfmo~ ~mgkm`xoel

jl j`x xfjx `jkkp ge~ j focf kmwmk eg pmkg$ olxmc~oxy jlh j px~elc hmpo~m xe mv`mk, Fml`m ox

gjòkoxjxmp x~jlprj~mlx mlwo~eldmlx,

Jkk xfm ~mprelhmlxp fjwm jc~mmh xe xfm jnewm pxjxmdmlx,

=6

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Px~elcky jc~mm >7 8:,?

Jc~mm 07 =6,:

Xexjk 7> :22,2


59/105

Fml`m g~ed xfm jnewm xjnkm ox `jl nm olgm~~mh xfjx xfm 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd mljnkmp

xe cowm nmpx ~mp}kxp sfm~m xfm mlwo~eldmlx op erml jlh rj~xoòrjxe~y,

Xjnkm Le9 :,:3

Hopx~on}xoel eg ~mprelhmlxp ny xfmo~ womsp el xfm pxjxmdmlx, 072 jppmppdmlx ge~dp

pfe}kh elxjol elky xfepm oxmdp xfjx j~m jrjnkm eg nmolc jppmppmh

072 hmc~mm jppmppdmlx ge~d èlxjolp xfepm oxmdp sfo`f j~m `jrjnkm eg nmolc jppmppmh, Xfm

rj~jdmxm~p ge~ xfm ~mwoms pfe}kh nm jkoclmh xe xfm rm~ge~djl`m djljcmdmlx pypxmd eg xfm

e~cjlojxoel,

Jkk xfm ~mprelhmlxp fjwm hopjc~mmh xe xfm jnewm pxjxmdmlx, G~ed xfm jnewm xjnkm ox `jl nm

olgm~~mh xfjx jkk xfm ~mprelhmlxp j~m lex pjxopgomh soxf xfm gj`xe~p el xfm njpop eg sfo`f xfm

jppmppdmlx op `j~~omh el,

=?

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Px~elcky hopjc~mm >? 87,6

Hopjc~mm 00 =0,>

Xexjk 7> :22,2


60/105

Fml`m g~ed xfm jnewm xjnkm ox `jl nm olxm~r~mxmh xfjx xfm e~cjlojxoel fjp xe xjam lm`mppj~y

pxmrp ol ~mhmpoclolc xfm rj~jdmxm~p ge~ xfm rm~ge~djl`m ~mwoms,

72


61/105

Xjnkm Le9 :,:6


pypxmd pfe}kh r~mwjok ewm~ èlwmlxoeljk jrr~jopjk pypxmd

Ol xfm x~jhoxoeljk p}rm~wope~$ mdrkeymm jrr~jopjk+ elm rm~pel op ~mprelponkm ge~ ~mwomsolc

xfm rm~ge~djl`m eg mdrkeymmp ol fop%fm~ hmrj~xdmlx+ mwml xfe}cf fm%pfm djy lex nm ol j

repoxoel xe mggm`xowmky i}hcm jl mdrkeymm og fm%pfm hemp lex prmlh d}`f xodm ho~m`xky

hmjkolc soxf xfjx mdrkeymm, Xfop dmxfeh mlxjokp focf mkmdmlxp eg p}nim`xowoxy, 072 hmc~mm

Gmmhnjà op jl mvxmlpoel eg xfop dmxfeh jlh olè~re~jxmp }rsj~h+ heslsj~h jlh kjxm~jk

gmmhnjà,

Jkk xfm ~mprelhmlxp fjwm jc~mmh xe xfm jnewm pxjxmdmlx,

7:

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Px~elcky jc~mm >? 87,6

Jc~mm 00 =0,>

Xexjk 7> :22,2


62/105

G~ed xfm jnewm ox `jl nm olgm~~mh xfjx jkk xfm ~mprelhmlxp eg xfm e~cjlojxoel r~mgm~ 072

hmc~mm gmmhnj`a pypxmd jp j rm~ge~djl`m djljcmdmlx xeek ewm~ `elwmlxoeljk jrr~jopjk

pypxmd,

7>


63/105

Hojc~jd Le9 :,:6,: &j/

D}kxorkm nj~ hojc~jd pfesolc xfm hopx~on}xoel el R~m ~mz}opoxmp eg 072 Hmc~mm

Gmmhnjà Pypxmd

2

:2

>2

02

82

=2

72

32

R~erm~ @edd}lo`jxoel

E rml ' Rj~x o orjxe~yMlwo~eldmlx

072 hmc~mm jppmppd mlxge~d

R~mwjkml`m eg 072hmc~mm gmmhnjà ewm

è lwmlxoeljk jrr ~jop

pypxmd

rm~`mlxjcm

Px~elcky Jc~mm Jc~mm Px~elcky Hopjc~mmHopjc~m

=2- =2-8:,?

-

=6,:

-

87,

-

=0,>

-

87,

-

=0,>

-

70


64/105

Pm`xoel W

Dm~oxp eg 072 Hmc~mm Gmmhnjà Pypxmd

Xjnkm Le9 :,:?

Hopx~on}xoel eg ~mprelhmlxp ny xfmo~ womsp el xfm pxjxmdmlx+ Hmwmkerolc px~jxmcomp

xf~e}cf 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà kmjhp xe j`èdrkopfdmlx eg e~cjlojxoeljk cejkp,

072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà op kolamh soxf px~jxmcy, Mj`f eg xfmpm ge}lhjxoelp op xfm n}okholc

nkeàp eg jl e~cjlojxoelp px~jxmcy, Goljkky xfmpm hmxm~dolm sfjx èdrmxmlòmp jlh

xm`flekecy op lmmhmh, Jkk xfmpm pmx ol rkj`m+ xfm e~cjlojxoel se~ap xesj~hp xfm cejk,

78

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Px~elcky jc~mm := >8,>

Jc~mm :? 02,7

Px~elcky hopjc~mm :7 >=,6

Hopjc~mm :> :?,8

Xexjk 7> :22,2


65/105

Xf}p xfm xjnkm re~x~jyp xfjx kmpp xfjl xf~mm$ gogxf eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp jc~mm xe xfm gj`x xfjx

px~jxmcomp xf~e}cf 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà kmjh xe j`èdrkopfdmlx eg e~cjlojxoeljk cejkp,

Xf}p depx eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp fjwm erolm xfjx hmwmkerolc px~jxmcomp xf~e}cf 072 hmc~mm

gmmhnjà kmjhp xe j`èdrkopfdmlx eg e~cjlojxoeljk cejkp,

7=


66/105

Xjnkm Le9 :,>2


pypxmd gjòkoxjxmp kmjhm~pfor hmwmkerdmlx

Xfm ge`}p eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà op el kmjhm~pfor ~mkjxmh jprm`xp jlh xfm olhowoh}jkp

jxxox}hm xe kmj~l lms xfolcp om+ mlcjcolc erre~x}loxomp+ pmmaolc erre~x}loxomp+ `~mjxolc j

èlxmvx eg kmj~lolc + ermllmpp xe `~oxoòpd jlh pekoòxolc gmmhnjà jlh }polc ox,

De~m xfjl xse xfo~h eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp &7?,8 rm~ `mlx/ xfola xfjx 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà

pypxmd mljnkmp kmjhm~pfor hmwmkerdmlx,

Xf}p+ g~ed xfm jnewm xjnkm ox `jl nm olxm~r~mxmh xfjx depx eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp fjwm }xokomh

xfm gmmhnjà ge~ xfmo~ kmjhm~pfor hmwmkerdmlx, Fesmwm~+ cowml xfm gj`x xfjx jkdepx elm$

xfo~h eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp he lex gmmk pe+ lmmhp xe nm jhh~mppmh ny xfm F^ hmrj~xdmlx, Xfjx op

sfy kmjhm~pfor hmwmkerdmlx op amy xe mggm`xowm e~cjlojxoeljk g}l`xoelolc,

77

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Px~elcky jc~mm >0 03,:

Jc~mm >2 0>,0

Hopjc~mm :? 02,7

Xexjk 7> :22,2


67/105

Xjnkm Le9 :,>:


pypxmd gjòkoxjxmp mdrkeymm mdresm~dmlx

072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd mljnkmp mdrkeymm mdresm~dmlx ny odr~ewolc rm~`mrxoel eg

xfm olhowoh}jk jne}x elmpmkg ny }lhm~pxjlholc fes exfm~p rm~`mowm fod%fm~, Ox jkpe fmkrp jl

olhowoh}jk djljcm elmp rm~ge~djl`m nmxxm~, Xf}p ox gjòkoxjxmp kmj~lolc r~e`mpp ge~ xfm

mdrkeymm,

J c~mjx djie~oxy eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp fjwm &63,: rm~ mlx/ fjwm hopjc~mmh xe xfm pxjxmdmlx

xfjx 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà gjòkoxjxmp mdrkeymm mdresm~dmlx Xfmo~ ~mprelpm `kmj~ky hmro`xp

xfjx xfm xeek fjp lex gjòkoxjxmh mdrkeymm mdresm~dmlx elky, Kmpp xfjl :2 ~mprelhmlxp

fjwm erolmh xfjx 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd gjòkoxjxmp mdrkeymm mdresm~dmlx,

Fml`m g~ed xfm jnewm xjnkm ox `jl nm olgm~~mh xfjx mwml xfe}cf 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd

fjh gjòkoxjxmh kmjhm~pfor hmwmkerdmlx ox fjp lex mljnkmh mdrkeymm mdresm~dmlx,

Xjnkm Le9 :,>>

73

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/


Jc~mm = 6,:

Px~elcky hopjc~mm >8 06,3

Hopjc~mm 02 86,8

Xexjk 7> :22,2


68/105


fmkrp ol hmgololc Amy ^mp}kx J~mjp eg jl olhowoh}jk &A^J/

Amy ^mp}kx J~mjp j~m xjpap cowml jx xfm olhowoh}jk kmwmk xe nm `edrkmxmh soxfol xfm cowml

xodm g~jdm se~a njpmh el sfo`f fop%fm~ rm~ge~djl`m op dmjp}~mh, Fml`m+ fjwolc j smkk

hmgolmh A^J op j d}px ge~ xfm mdrkeymm xe rm~ge~d fop%fm~ nmpx,

76

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Px~elcky jc~mm:= >8,>

Jc~mm >0 03,:

Px~elcky hopjc~mm = 6,:

Hopjc~mm :? 02,7

Xexjk 7> :22,2


69/105

Mdrkeymmp j~m cowml A^Jp xe rm~ge~d njpmh el xfm px~jxmcomp kjoh e}x ge~ xfm rj~xo`}kj~

ymj~, Lmj~ky xf~mm $gogxf eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp &7:,0 rm~ `mlx/ jc~mm xe xfm pxjxmdmlx xfjx 072

hmc~mm gmmhnjà fmkrp xfmd ol hmgololc xfmo~ A^Jp sfokm xfm exfm~p &06,3 rm~ `mlx/

hopjc~mm xe xfm jnewm pxjxmdmlx,

Xf}p g~ed xfm jnewm xjnkm ox `jl nm olgm~~mh xfjx 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd fjp jl odrj`x

el hmgololc xfm Amy ~mp}kx J~mjp ge~ xfm olhowoh}jk,

Xjnkm Le9 :,>0

Hopx~on}xoel eg ~mprelhmlxp ny xfmo~ womsp el xfm pxjxmdmlx+ 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà op

jl mggm`xowm xeek ge~ dmjp}~olc rm~ge~djl`m eg jl olhowoh}jk

Ol xfm nmpx r~j`xo`mp ge~ odrkmdmlxjxoel eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà+ ox op p}ccmpxmh xe `kmj~ky

mpxjnkopf jlh èdd}lo`jxm xfm olhowoh}jk nmfjwoe~p xfjx sokk h~owm xfm e}xèdmp jlh ~mp}kxp

eg xfm dmx~o`p xfjx fjwm nmml mpxjnkopfmh, Xfop fmkrp xe hmwmker pxjlhj~homh jrr~ej`fmp

ge~ jppmppolc rm~ge~djl`m el mj`f enim`xowm jx mj`f rm~ge~djl`m kmwmk,

7?

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Px~elcky jc~mm >8 06,3

Jc~mm >0 03,:

Hopjc~mm := >8,>

Xexjk 7> :22,2


70/105

J koxxkm de~m xfjl xf~mm$ ge}~xf eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp &3=,6 rm~ `mlx/ jc~mm xe xfm gj`x xfjx 072

hmc~mm gmmhnjà g~jdm se~a fmkrp ol pmxxolc }r jl mggm`xowm xeek ge~ dmjp}~olc

rm~ge~djl`m,

Xf}p g~ed xfm jnewm xjnkm ox `jl nm olgm~~mh xfjx xfm èdrjly fjh nmml p}``mppg}k ol

odrkmdmlxolc xfm ~ocfx pypxmd xe jppmpp xfm rm~ge~djl`m eg xfm mdrkeymmp,

Xjnkm Le9 :,>8


pypxmd op }pmh ge~ xfm hmwmkerdmlx eg è~m èdrmxmlòmp eg jl olhowoh}jk

072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà mljnkmp xfm e~cjlojxoel xe hmwmker èdrmxml`y dehmkp hmxjokolc xfm

~mz}o~mdmlx eg wj~oe}p xyrmp eg èdrmxmlòmp+ aleskmhcm+ paokkp jlh jxxox}hmp ~mz}o~mh ge~

p}` mppg}k jlh p}rm~oe~ rm~ge~djl`m, 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd sokk ge`}p el xfm

mdrkeymmp èdrmxmlòmp jlh sokk mljnkm xfmd xe mlfjl`m xfmpm,

32

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Px~elcky jc~mm >: 00,?

Jc~mm >= 82,0


Hopjc~mm := >8,>

Xexjk 7> :22,2


71/105

Lmj~ky xf~mm $ ge}~xf eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp &38,> rm~ `mlx/ fjwm jc~mmh xfjx 072 hmc~mm

gmmhnjà op }pmh xe hmwmker xfm è~m èdrmxmlòmp eg xfm olhowoh}jk, Fesmwm~+ j pomjnkm

r~ere~xoel eg xfmd he lex erolm pe,

Xf}p g~ed xfm xjnkm ox `jl nm olgm~~mh xfjx xfm e~cjlojxoel op }polc 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà jp

j dmjlp xe dmmx xfm `fjkkmlcmp jlh ol`~mjpolc èdrmxoxoel ny hmwmkerolc xfm è~m

èdrmxmlòmp eg xfm olhowoh}jk,

Pm`xoel $ WO

Hmdm~oxp eg 072 Hmc~mm Gmmhnjà Pypxmd

Xjnkm Le9:,>=


e}xèdm op lex ho~m`xky kolamh soxf èdrmlpjxoel

Xfm xjnkm nmkes okk}px~jxmp jne}x xfm ~mprelhmlxp womsp el xfm pxjxmdmlx 072 hmc~mm

gmmhnjà e}xèdm op lex ho~m`xky kolamh soxf èdrmlpjxoel,

3:


72/105

J wm~y c~mjx djie~oxy eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp &?0,7 rm~ `mlx/ erolm xfjx xfm gmmhnjà e~ xfm

e}xèdm op ho~m`xky kolamh xe xfm èdrmlpjxoel eg xfm mdrkeymmp,

Xf}p g~ed xfm xjnkm ox `jl nm olxm~r~mxmh xfjx xfm e}xèdm % gmmhnjà eg xfm rm~ge~djl`m

djljcmdmlx pypxmd gekkesmh ny xfm e~cjlojxoel op ho~m`xky kolamh soxf xfm èdrmlpjxoel

eg xfm olhowoh}jk,

Xjnkm Le9 :,>7

Hopx~on}xoel eg ~mprelhmlxp ny xfmo~ womsp el xfm pxjxmdmlx+ ^mkojnokoxy eg xfm

gmmhnjà op Z}mpxoeljnkm

Xfm xjnkm nmkes okk}px~jxmp xfm ~mprelhmlxp womsp el xfm ~mkojnokoxy eg xfm gmmhnjà,

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

3>

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Px~elcky jc~mm > 0,>

Jc~mm > 0,>

Px~elcky hopjc~mm >0 03,:

Hopjc~mm 0= =7,=

Xexjk 7> :22,2


73/105

Px~elcky jc~mm >: 00,?

Jc~mm >: 00,?

Px~elcky hopjc~mm 6 :>,?

Hopjc~mm :> :?,8

Xexjk 7> :22,2

Elm eg xfm èddel èl`m~lp eg e~cjlojxoelp ~mcj~holc 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà op xfm

~mkojnokoxy eg xfm gmmhnjà, De~m xfjl xse xfo~h eg xfm rer}kjxoel fjwm mvr~mppmh xfmo~

èl`m~l pjyolc xfjx xfm ~mkojnokoxy eg xfm gmmhnjà op z}mpxoeljnkm,

Fml`m g~ed xfm xjnkm ox `jl nm olgm~~mh xfjx xfm~m op kmpp x~}px jdelc xfm mdrkeymmp ol xfm

e~cjlojxoel jne}x xfm ~mkojnokoxy eg xfm gmmhnjà, Xfop opp}m sokk fjwm xe nm jhh~mppmh ny

xfm F^ hmrj~xdmlx xe jpp}~m xfjx xfm xeek èlpxox}xmp xe nm ~mkmwjlx xe xfm ~mprelhmlxp,

Xjnkm Le9 :,>3

Hopx~on}xoel eg ~mprelhmlxp ny xfmo~ womsp el xfm pxjxmdmlx+ ^mprelpmp g~ed 072

hmc~mm gmmhnjà xmlh xe nm nojpmh

Xfm xjnkm nmkes okk}px~jxmp xfm ~mprelhmlxp womsp el 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd nmolc

nojpmh,

30


74/105

J koxxkm de~m xfjl xse xfo~h eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp &7?,0 rm~ `mlx/ fjwm erolmh xfjx xfm

e}xèdm% gmmhnjà ~m`mowmh xf~e}cf 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd j~m lex nojpmh, N}x jx xfm

pjdm xodm j pomjnkm r~ere~xoel eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp &02,3 rm~ `mlx/ fjwm lex jc~mmh xe xfm

pxjxmdmlx,

Fml`m g~ed xfm jnewm xjnkm ox `jl nm olgm~~mh xfjx elky xse xfo~h eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp fjwm

j repoxowm g~jdm eg dolh xesj~hp xfm xeek jp ~mcj~hp oxp enim`xowoxy,

Xjnkm Le 9 :,>6

Hopx~on}xoel eg ~mprelhmlxp ny xfmo~ womsp el xfm pxjxmdmlx + Gmmhnjà op pmml jp jl

erre~x}loxy ge~ ~oxoòpd

Xfm xjnkm nmkes okk}px~jxmp xfm ~mprelhmlxp womsp el 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd nmolc

pmml jp jl erre~x}loxy ge~ `~oxoòpd,

38

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ `mlx

&-/

Px~elcky jc~mm 3 ::,0

Jc~mm :> :?,8

Px~elcky hopjc~mm :6 >?,2

Hopjc~mm >= 82,0

Xexjk 7> :22,2


75/105

C~mjx djie~oxy eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp &62,8 rm~ `mlx/ fjwm hopjc~mmh xe xfm jnewm dmlxoelmh

pxjxmdmlx, Elky 7 ~mprelhmlxp fjwm erolmh xfjx 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà op pmml jp jl

erre~x}loxy ge~ `~oxoòpd,

Fml`m g~ed xfm jnewm xjnkm ox `jl nm olxm~r~mxmh xfjx xfm ~mprelhmlxp eg xfm e~cjlojxoel

he lex pmm xfm gmmhnjà jp jl erre~x}loxy ge~ `~oxoòpd,

Hojc~jd Le9 :,>6,: &j/

Rm~`mlxjcm nj~ hojc~jd pfesolc xfm hopx~on}xoel el Hmdm~oxp eg 072 Hmc~mm

Gmmhnjà Pypxmd

3=

^mprelpm G~mz}ml`y

&l/

Rm~ mlx

&-/


Jc~mm 0 8,6

Px~elcky hopjc~mm >: 00,?

Hopjc~mm 0= =7,=

Xexjk 7> :22,2


76/105

2-

:2-

>2-

02-

82-

=2-

72-32-

62-

?2-

:22-

Lex ho~m`xky

kolamh soxf`edrmlpjxoel

^mkojnokoxy

Z}mpxoeljnkm

Nojpmh ~mprelpmp erre}~x}loxy ge~

`~oxo`opd

Rm~`mlxjcm

Px~elcky jc~mm Jc~mm Px~elcky hopjc~mm Hopjc~mm

=7,=-

:?,8-82,0- =7,=-

03,:-

:>,?

>?-

00,?-

00,?

-

:?,8-00,?

-

::,0-

37


77/105

Pm`xoel WOO

@~epp xjnp

Xjnkm Le9 :,>?

Hopx~on}xoel eg ~mprelhmlxp ny xfmo~ jcm jlh xfmo~ eroloel el xfm dmjp}~jnokoxy eg

rm~ge~djl`m j~mjp

) Goc}~m ol rj~mlxfmpmp ~mr~mpmlxp rm~`mlxjcmp,

@fo Pz}j~m Wjk}m 4 2,>7 Lex Poclogo`jlx jx 2,2= kmwmk

Hmc~mm eg G~mmhed 4:

33

Jcm eg xfm

^mprelhmlxp

& ol ymj~p/

Rm~ge~djl`m j~mjp dmjp}~mh }lhm~ 072

hmc~mm gmmhnj`a pypxmd j~m `kmj~ky

dmjp}~jnkm Xexjk

Jc~mm Hopjc~mm

>2$ >= :8

&=0,6 - /

:>

&87,> -/

>7

&:22 - /

>7 ' jnewm :6

&=2 - /

:6

&=2 -/

07

&:22 - /

Xexjk 0>

&=:,0 -/

02

&86,8 -/

7>

&:22-/


78/105

Xfm jnewm xjnkm fjp nmml h~jsl xe }lhm~pxjlh xfm ~mkjxoelpfor nmxsmml xfm xse wj~ojnkmp

o,m, xfm jcm eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp jlh xfm ~mprelhmlxp eroloel el xfm dmjp}~jnokoxy eg xfm

rm~ge~djl`m j~mjp, Ge~ xfm r}~repm eg mjpy jljkypop+ xfm jcm `jxmce~omp fjwm nmml ~m

e~cjlomh jp >2 $>= ymj~p el xfm elm fjlh jlh >7 ymj~p jlh jnewm el xfm exfm~,

G~ed xfm jnewm xjnkm sm }lhm~pxjlh xfjx de~m ~mprelhmlxp ol xfm jcm c~e}r eg >2$>= ymj~p

&=0,6 rm~ `mlx/ fjwm jggo~dmh xfm dmjp}~jnokoxy eg xfm rm~ge~djl`m j~mjp èdrj~mh xe xfmo~

è}lxm~rj~xp ol xfm >7 jlh jnewm jcm c~e}r &=2 rm~ `mlx/,El xfm sfekm sm golh jl mz}oxjnkm

hopx~on}xoel eg ~mprelpmp jp ~mcj~hp dmjp}~jnokoxy eg rm~ge~djl`m j~mj j`~epp hoggm~mlx jcm

c~e}rp eg ~mprelhmlxp,

Jx xfm pjdm xodm+ xe }lhm~pxjlh xfm pxjxopxo`jk poclogo`jl`m eg xfm pjoh hopx~on}xoel `fo

pz}j~m xmpx fjp nmml jrrkomh, J`è~holcky xfm l}kk fyrexfmpop op Xfm~m op le ~mkjxoelpfor

nmxsmml jcm eg ~mprelhmlxp jlh xfmo~ eroloel el xfm dmjp}~jnokoxy eg rm~ge~djl`m,

Xfm ~mp}kxp eg xfm `fo pz}j~m xmpx olho`jxm xfjx xfm pjoh hopx~on}xoel op pxjxopxo`jkky lex

poclogo`jlx, Xfop op nm`j}pm xfm `jk`}kjxmh wjk}m op 2,>8 ge~ elm hmc~mm eg g~mmhed jx 2,2=

kmwmk eg poclogo`jl`m jp jcjolpx xfm xjnkm wjk}m eg 0,68:, Fml`m sm j``mrx xfm l}kk

fyrexfmpop,

Xf}p+ de~m ~mprelhmlxp ol xfm kmppm~ jcm c~e}r jc~mm xe dmjp}~jnokoxy eg rm~ge~djl`m

j~mjp, Fesmwm~ xfop op lex pxjxopxo`jkky poclogo`jlx,

36


79/105

Xjnkm Le9 :,02

Hopx~on}xoel eg ~mprelhmlxp ny xfmo~ pmv jlh xfmo~ eroloel el èlx~on}xoel eg 072

hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd xe kmjhm~pfor hmwmkerdmlx,

3?

Pmv eg xfm

^mprelhmlxp

072 Hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd gjòkoxjxmp

kmjhm~pfor hmwmkerdmlx

Xexjk_mp Le

Djkm 07

&73,? - /

:3

&0>,: - /

=0

& :22 - /

Gmdjkm

3

&33,6 - /

>

&>>,> - /

?

& :22 - /

Xexjk 80&7?,0= -/

:?&02,7= -/

7>&:22 -/


80/105

) Goc}~m ol rj~mlxfmpmp ~mr~mpmlxp rm~`mlxjcmp,

@fo Pz}j~m Wjk}m 4 ,20= Lex Poclogo`jlx jx 2,2= kmwmk

&Soxf _jxmp è~~m`xoel/

Hmc~mm eg G~mmhed 4 :

Xfm jnewm xjnkm fjp nmml h~jsl xe }lhm~pxjlh xfm ~mkjxoelpfor nmxsmml xfm xse wj~ojnkmp

o,m, pmv eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp jlh xfmo~ eroloel el èlx~on}xoel eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd

xe kmjhm~pfor hmwmkerdmlx

Ge~ xfm r}~repm eg mjpy jljkypop+ xfm ~mprelpm `jxmce~omp ge~ ~mprelhmlxp eroloel el

gmmhnjà fjwm nmml ~m$ e~cjlomh jp ymp el elm fjlh jlh Le el xfm exfm~,

G~ed xfm jnewm xjnkm sm }lhm~pxjlh xfjx kj~cm~ r~ere~xoelp eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp &33,6 rm~

`mlx/ ol xfm gmdjkm `jxmce~y fjwm erolmh xfjx 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd gj okoxjxmp

hmwmkerdmlx èdrj~mh xe xfm djkm ~mprelhmlxp &73,? rm~ `mlx/, Jx xfm pjdm xodm xe

}lhm~pxjlh xfm pxjxopxo`jk poclogo`jl`m eg xfm pjoh hopx~on}xoel `fo$ pz}j~m fjp nmml jrrkomh,

J`è~holcky xfm l}kk fyrexfmpop op Xfm~m op le ~mkjxoelpfor nmxsmml pmv eg ~mprelhmlxp

jlh xfmo~ eroloel el èlx~on}xoel eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà pypxmd xe kmjhm~pfor

hmwmkerdmlx,

Xfm ~mp}kxp eg xfm `fo pz}j~m xmpx jkelc soxf _jxmp è~~m`xoel olho`jxm xfjx xfm pjoh

hopx~on}xoel op pxjxopxo`jkky lex poclogo`jlx, Xfop op nm`j}pm xfm `jk`}kjxmh wjk}m op ,20= ge~

62


81/105

elm hmc~mm eg g~mmhed jx 2,2= kmwmk eg poclogo`jl`m jp jcjolpx xfm xjnkm wjk}m eg 0,68:,

Fml`m sm j``mrx xfm l}kk fyrexfmpmp,

Xf}p sm }lhm~pxjlh xfjx de~m ~mprelhmlxp erolm xfjx 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà gj okoxjxmp

kmjhm~pfor hmwmkerdmlx, Fesmwm~ xfm~m op le ~mkjxoelpfor nmxsmml pmv eg xfm ~mprelhmlxp

jlh xfmo~ eroloel el xfm èlx~on}xoel eg 072 hmc~mm gmmhnjà xe kmjhm~pfor hmwmkerdmlx,

Xjnkm Le9 :,0:

Hopx~on}xoel eg ~mprelhmlxp ny xfmo~ pmv

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