my brother martin

My Brother My Brother MartinMartin

by Christine by Christine King FarrisKing Farris

illustrated by illustrated by Chris SoentpietChris Soentpiet

Compiled by:

Terry Sams PES

Melissa Guinn PES

Study SkillsStudy SkillsGenre:Genre: Biography Biography

Comprehension Skill:Comprehension Skill:

Cause and EffectCause and Effect

Comprehension Strategy:Comprehension Strategy:

Answer QuestionsAnswer Questions

Comprehension Review Skill:Comprehension Review Skill: Fact and Fact and OpinionOpinion

Vocabulary: Vocabulary:

Word Structure—EndingsWord Structure—Endings

SummarySummaryFew people know about what Martin Luther King, Jr. was like as a child. His older sister, Christine, tells stories of their childhood, full of love and fun. She remembers when her little brother “M.L.” told their mother, “One day, I am going to turn this world upside down.”

Genre: Genre: BiographyBiography

A biography is the story A biography is the story of a real person’s life as of a real person’s life as told be someone else. In this told be someone else. In this biography, a sister shares biography, a sister shares childhood memories of her childhood memories of her younger brother. Why do you younger brother. Why do you think she chose to tell about think she chose to tell about these experiences?these experiences?

Comprehension SkillComprehension SkillCause and EffectCause and Effect

The The effecteffect is what happens. is what happens.

The The causecause is why it happens. is why it happens.

Clue words such as Clue words such as becausebecause, , soso, , thereforetherefore, and , and as a resultas a result can signal can signal causes and effects.causes and effects.

Sometimes one effect becomes the Sometimes one effect becomes the cause of another effect, which cause of another effect, which causes another, and so on. This is causes another, and so on. This is called a called a chain of eventschain of events..

Practice Cause and Practice Cause and Effect PB 253Effect PB 253

1.CauseJack’s textbooks are old and damaged.

2.Effect CauseJack’s mother complains to the principal, who cannot help.

3.Effect CauseShe visits a lawyer, and he files a lawsuit for her.

Practice Cause and Practice Cause and Effect PB 253Effect PB 253

4.EffectA judge decides in Jack’s favor.

5.When do you think this fictional story takes place? Use the information from the text and your prior knowledge to answer the question.The story probably takes place in the early days of the Civil Rights Movement.

Comprehension Comprehension StrategyStrategy

Answer QuestionsAnswer Questions Good readers can answer Good readers can answer questions about what they read.questions about what they read. Sometimes the answer to a Sometimes the answer to a question will be in one place in question will be in one place in the text and sometimes it will be the text and sometimes it will be in several places.in several places. Sometimes you must combine Sometimes you must combine what you read with what you what you read with what you already know.already know.

Comprehension Review Comprehension Review Skill- Skill-

Fact or OpinionFact or OpinionA A fact fact is a statement that is a statement that can be can be provenproven either true either true or false.or false.An An opinionopinion is a statement is a statement based on someone’s based on someone’s judgmentjudgment, , beliefbelief, , or or wayway ofof thinkingthinking..

Vocabulary Skill:Vocabulary Skill:Word Structure—EndingsWord Structure—Endings

Sometimes the ending –ed Sometimes the ending –ed or or

– –ing is added to a verb or ing is added to a verb or the ending –s is added to the ending –s is added to a noun. a noun.

If a word with one of If a word with one of these endings seems hard these endings seems hard for you, try the following:for you, try the following:

Vocabulary Skill:Vocabulary Skill:Word Structure—EndingsWord Structure—Endings

– Cover the ending and identify the Cover the ending and identify the base form of the verb or noun.base form of the verb or noun.

– Do you know this word? If you do, Do you know this word? If you do, think about its meaning. Picture think about its meaning. Picture the action the verb describes.the action the verb describes.

– If you do not, check the words If you do not, check the words around the word. Try to find around the word. Try to find clues that can help you figure out clues that can help you figure out the meaning.the meaning.

– Check to see if the meaning Check to see if the meaning makes sense in the sentence.makes sense in the sentence.

Grammar Skill – Conjunctions Grammar Skill – Conjunctions TE 659eTE 659e

Conjunctions are connecting Conjunctions are connecting words such as words such as andand, , butbut and and oror. They can be used to join . They can be used to join words, phrases, or sentences.words, phrases, or sentences.Use Use andand to add information, or to add information, or to join related ideas:to join related ideas:They played soccer They played soccer andand tag. tag.

Grammar Skill – Conjunctions Grammar Skill – Conjunctions TE 659eTE 659e

Use but to join different ideas:Use but to join different ideas: Some people were kind, Some people were kind, butbut

others were mean.others were mean.Use Use oror to suggest a choice: to suggest a choice:

We can fight, We can fight, oror we can get we can get along.along.

Research Skill Research Skill Note TakingNote Taking TE 659LTE 659L

As you read, take notes to As you read, take notes to help you understand and help you understand and remember the text.remember the text.Notes should be brief and Notes should be brief and focus on the most important focus on the most important information. Use keywords, information. Use keywords, phrases, or short sentences.phrases, or short sentences.Paraphrase, or restate, Paraphrase, or restate, someone’s idea using your someone’s idea using your own words.own words.

Research Skill Research Skill Note TakingNote Taking TE 659LTE 659L

Synthesize, or combine, Synthesize, or combine, information from different parts information from different parts of the text or from tow or more of the text or from tow or more texts. Look for ideas that go texts. Look for ideas that go together. Add your own together. Add your own thoughts. thoughts. Record findings in an organized Record findings in an organized way, such as a graphic way, such as a graphic organizer, a summary, or an organizer, a summary, or an outline. Include information outline. Include information about sources you read.about sources you read.

Research Skill Research Skill Note TakingNote Taking WB 259-260WB 259-260

1.1. How is this article organized?How is this article organized?chronologicallychronologically

2.2. Paraphrase the first sentence in the article.Paraphrase the first sentence in the article.Both Cesar Chavez and Dr. King understood Both Cesar Chavez and Dr. King understood the value of equal rights.the value of equal rights.

3.3. Why is it important to take note of the fact Why is it important to take note of the fact that Chavez was a migrant worker? that Chavez was a migrant worker? It led him to do the work he did as an a It led him to do the work he did as an a adult fighting for civil rights.adult fighting for civil rights.

4.4. Is the detail about Chavez joining the U.S. Is the detail about Chavez joining the U.S. Navy important enough to include in your Navy important enough to include in your notes? Why or why not?notes? Why or why not?No, because the article doesn’t focus on No, because the article doesn’t focus on what he did in the navy.what he did in the navy.


5.5. What did Chavez do with the Community What did Chavez do with the Community Service Organization? Service Organization? He spoke out against discrimination and He spoke out against discrimination and encouraged voting.encouraged voting.

6.6. What methods of peaceful protest did What methods of peaceful protest did Chavez use? Chavez use? strikes, fasts, urging people to stop strikes, fasts, urging people to stop buying certain productsbuying certain products

7.7. Why is it important to write down only Why is it important to write down only the most important ideas when note-the most important ideas when note-taking?taking?If I wrote down every idea and every If I wrote down every idea and every detail, I wouldn’t be able to focus on the detail, I wouldn’t be able to focus on the author’s main ideas.author’s main ideas.


8.8. When taking notes for a report, it is important When taking notes for a report, it is important to write down the title and author of the book or to write down the title and author of the book or article you are reading. Why do you need to do article you are reading. Why do you need to do this? this? I might need to go back to what I was reading to I might need to go back to what I was reading to check for more information.check for more information.

9.9. Describe a graphic organizer you might use to Describe a graphic organizer you might use to organize your notes.organize your notes.I would draw a web. I would put Cesar Chavez in I would draw a web. I would put Cesar Chavez in a center circle and write important details about a center circle and write important details about his life in surrounding circles.his life in surrounding circles.

10.10. Copy a section of your notes from the article in Copy a section of your notes from the article in the lines below.the lines below.born in 1927, Arizona; worked as migrant born in 1927, Arizona; worked as migrant farmer; fought for rights of Latinosfarmer; fought for rights of Latinos

Weekly Fluency Check Weekly Fluency Check --

Phrasing Phrasing TE 659aTE 659a● Read aloud “A Class of One”. Read aloud “A Class of One”.

Explain that you will group words Explain that you will group words that make sense together. that make sense together.

● Partners read aloud p. 651, Partners read aloud p. 651, paragraph 1, three times. Group paragraph 1, three times. Group words into meaningful phrases. words into meaningful phrases. Give each other feedback.Give each other feedback.

Fun Stuff and Fun Stuff and PracticePractice

Review Cause and EffectReview Cause and EffectCause and Effect IntroductionCause and Effect IntroductionConjunctionsConjunctionsFact and Opinion IntroductionFact and Opinion IntroductionFact and Opinion ReviewFact and Opinion ReviewFact and Opinion GameFact and Opinion GameMartin Luther King PowerPointMartin Luther King PowerPointTime LineTime LineGood Sentence Review PowerPointGood Sentence Review PowerPoint

Question of the WeekQuestion of the WeekTETE 638m 638m

How can How can words change words change people’s people’s lives?lives?

Day 2 - Day 2 - Question of the Question of the DayDay

What new or What new or surprising information surprising information about Martin Luther about Martin Luther King, Jr. does this King, Jr. does this biography give?biography give?

How do Martin How do Martin Luther King, Jr. s’ Luther King, Jr. s’ experiences experiences show the power show the power or words to or words to change the change the world?world?

Day 3 - Question of the Day 3 - Question of the DayDay

Day 4 - Question of Day 4 - Question of the Day - Reviewthe Day - Review

Why do you think Why do you think poems by young poems by young people were paired people were paired with the biography of with the biography of Martin Luther King, Martin Luther King, Jr.?Jr.?

Review QuestionsReview Questions1.What is an opinion about Martin’s

father?

2.What is the main idea of the selection?

3.Is it a fact or an opinion that the King children played with two white boys?

4.How were the King’s children and the two white boys alike?

5.What was the result of the King’s losing their friends?

Review QuestionsReview Questions6. Why did Martin Luther King, Jr.

tell his mother that he would “one day (…) turn the world upside down?”

7. What did M.L. and his father have in common?

8. Why did the father refuse to buy shoes from a store owner?

9. What does the sentence, “These stories were as nourishing as the food that was set before us,” mean?

Review QuestionsReview Questions

10. What was M.L. ‘s dream?

11. Why did the author write the story?

12. How does the picture on page 654 show the difference that M.L. made?

Vocabulary - Say Vocabulary - Say ItIt

ancestorsancestors

avoidedavoided

generationsgenerations

ministerminister

numerousnumerous

pulpitpulpit

shieldingshielding

More Words to More Words to KnowKnow

confronted confronted injusticeinjustice

nourishingnourishingdemonstrating demonstrating

integrateintegratesympathysympathy

ancestorsancestorspeople from whom you people from whom you

are descended, such are descended, such as your great-as your great-grandparentsgrandparents

avoidedavoided kept away from; kept away from; kept out of the kept out of the way ofway of

generationgenerationss periods of about periods of about

thirty years, or the thirty years, or the time from the birth of time from the birth of one generation to the one generation to the birth of the next birth of the next generation generation

ministerminister member of the clergy; member of the clergy;

spiritual guide; pastorspiritual guide; pastor

numerounumerouss

very manyvery many

pulpitpulpit platform or raised platform or raised structure in a structure in a church from which church from which the minister the minister preachespreaches

shieldingshielding protecting; protecting; defendingdefending

confronteconfrontedd faced boldly, faced boldly,

opposedopposed

injusticeinjustice lack of justice, lack of justice, fairness, fairness, lawfulnesslawfulness

nourishingnourishing keep well-fed and keep well-fed and healthy; producing healthy; producing health and growthhealth and growth

demonstratidemonstratingng taking part in a taking part in a

parade or meeting to parade or meeting to protest or to make protest or to make demandsdemands

integrateintegrate to make public to make public places available to places available to people or all races people or all races on an equal on an equal basisbasis

sympathsympathyy

agreement; agreement; approval; favorapproval; favor

Ministers often preach from behind a pulpit.

Martin Luther King, Jr. made numerous speeches about equality.

Slaves lived without freedom for many generations.

In the 1960s, schools were forced to integrate public schools.

In the 1960s, schools were forced to integrate public schools.

Norman Rockwell’s

“The Problem We All Live With”

Many white students stood outside integrated schools demonstrating their anger of having to go to school with colored people.

Very few white people had sympathy for colored families.

The Underground Railroad was one way of shielding runaway slaves.

The Underground Railroad was one way of shielding runaway slaves.

Link

Slaves who had run away avoided places where they could be recognized by anyone.

Writing AssignmentWriting Assignment

Write and announcement Write and announcement promoting some fictional promoting some fictional event using as many of the event using as many of the spelling words as possible.spelling words as possible.

The event may be a play, a The event may be a play, a contest or a sporting event.contest or a sporting event.

Spelling WordsSpelling Words SchwaSchwa

stomstomaachch memmemooryry CanCanaaddaa eelementlement mystmysteeryry

sciscieencence remremeembmbeerr ffoorgetrget ssuupposeppose iriroonn

Spelling WordsSpelling Words SchwaSchwa

gravgraveell diffdiffiiccuultlt fortfortuunene gigiaantnt archarchiitecttect

normnormaall notnotiifyfy privpriviilegelege cemcemeentnt yyeesterdaysterday

Different dictionaries may show different vowels for the schwa sound.

CHALLENGECHALLENGE

rriidicdicuulolouuss syllsyllaablblee

magnifmagnifiicceentnt aasparsparaagguuss cinncinnaammoonn

Academic Vocabulary-ReadingAcademic Vocabulary-Reading

Outline – a brief summary or plan often in numbered divisionsProofread – to read over and fix mistakesThesaurus – book of words and their synonymsTitle page – page of a book bearing the title Sentence fragment – occurs when subject, verb, or main clause is missing

This Week’s Word Wall WordsThis Week’s Word Wall Words

Click and type your own words for this week:

Let’s review our Spelling words. Watch carefully because they will flash on the screen for just a moment. We can clap as we spell the word, or we might just practice reading the words.

stomach

memory

Canada

mystery

remember

forget

architect

normal

notify

privilege

cement

yesterday

ridiculous

syllable

asparagus

syllable

magnificent

cinnamon

reaction

suppose

gravel

difficult

science

Daily Fix-ItDaily Fix-ItDay 1Day 1

1.1. Why is it important to Why is it important to rimember the lessons rimember the lessons of history.of history.

2.2. If we do'nt remember If we do'nt remember history we may make history we may make the same mistakes.the same mistakes.


1.1. Why is it important to Why is it important to rememberremember the lessons the lessons of historyof history??

2.2. If we If we don’t don’t remember remember historyhistory,, we may make we may make the same mistakes.the same mistakes.


3.3. Violence is dramatic, Violence is dramatic, and nonviolence is and nonviolence is often effectiver.often effectiver.

4.4. Its diffecult not to fight Its diffecult not to fight back when others are back when others are fighting you.fighting you.


3.3. Violence is dramatic, Violence is dramatic, butbut nonviolence is nonviolence is often often more effectivemore effective..

4.4. It'sIt's difficultdifficult not to fight not to fight back when others are back when others are fighting you.fighting you.


5.5. Men, woman, but Men, woman, but children fought for children fought for rights of black rights of black Americans.Americans.

6.6. They marched threw They marched threw the streets, in protest.the streets, in protest.


5.5. Men, Men, womenwomen, , and and children fought for children fought for rights of black rights of black Americans.Americans.

6.6. They marched They marched through through the the streets instreets in protest. protest.


7.7. Rev. King dream that Rev. King dream that the world would be a the world would be a more good place.more good place.

8.8. Parts of his dream Parts of his dream comed true, there is comed true, there is still work to be done.still work to be done.


7.7. Rev. King Rev. King dreameddreamed that the world would that the world would be a be a betterbetter place. place.

8.8. Parts of his dream Parts of his dream camecame true true. There. There is is still work to be done.still work to be done.


9.9. King was a great King was a great american, and a day is american, and a day is named in her honor.named in her honor.

10.10. At our school we At our school we always reads one of always reads one of Kings speeches.Kings speeches.


9.9. King was a great King was a great AmericanAmerican, and a day is , and a day is named in named in hishis honor. honor.

10.10. At our school we At our school we always always readread one of one of King's King's speeches.speeches.

my brother martin

Documents

vocabulary skill

biographycomprehension

effect pb

effectthe effect

effect causeshe

grammar skill conjunctions

effect causejacks mother

practice cause