the civil war chapter 22 bull run pages 302-321 · at bull run. the confederacy wins the battle....

The Civil WarChapter 22

pages 302-321 Bull RunPresident Lincoln and General Scott came up with the "Anaconda Plan" that resembled the crushing death grip of an anaconda snake.

They would surround the South by land and sea and cut off its trade.

They would then invade Richmond, the Confederacy capital, and destroy the rebel government.


pages 302-321 Bull RunMost Northerners, though, thought they could march directly into Richmond and take the capital.

They marched out of Washington DC and headed for Richmond. People who weren't in the army even came along to sing, cheer, party and watch what they thought would be the one battle of the war.


pages 302-321 Bull RunBetween Washington DC and Richmond was a little town called Manassas. The Confederate Army was waiting for the soldiers at a little creek named Bull Run in Manassas.

The Confederate Army scared off the Union troops and turned them back to Washington DC.


pages 302-321 Civil War Timeline

1861

President Lincoln and General Scott come up with the

Anaconda Plan to surround the South

and cut off its supplies. 1861

The Confederacy stages a surprise

attack on the Union at Bull Run . The

Confederacy wins the battle.


pages 302-321 Anaconda PlanThe Union Blockade

The Union army blocked off Southern ports. They could not ship/sell cotton and therefore had no money. They also could not import needed supplies or weapons.


pages 302-321 Anaconda PlanThe Mississippi River

Early in 1862, The Union moved to divide the Confederacy by gaining control of the Mississippi.

New Orleans surrendered without a fight. General Grant came down from the north, winning victories in Kentucky and Tennessee.

Winning the Mississippi River would cut the Confederacy in half.



1861







1862

1861

The Union launched a blockade of

Southern ports , blocking off all trade.

The Union moved to cut the

Confederacy in two by taking

over the Mississippi

River.


pages 302-321 AntietamRobert E. Lee, a Confederate General, brought his troops into Maryland, a slave state that stayed with the Union.

In September 1862, the Union and Confederate armies met near the town Sharpsburg along Antietam Creek.

Antietam was a Union victory but both sides lost man men.

Of the 75,000 Union troops, 2,100 were dead and 10,300 were wounded or missing.

Of the 52,000 Confederates, 2,770 died and 11,000 were wounded or missing.

In this one day of fighting, more died than in the War of 1812 and the Mexican-

American War combined.


pages 302-321New War Technology

Killing no longer had to be hand-to-hand combat. Rifles replaced muskets and bayonets. Improved cannons helped destroy forces.

Most weapon manufacturing (munitions plants) were in the north. Even women worked in the factories to replace men who went into the

army.


pages 302-321Bloody Civil War

Death tolls were very large. Many on both sides died due to the new weapons and style of fighting.

Many died from disease. About 3 died of disease for every 1 that died in

battle.

Hospitals were unclean and could not handle the number of wounded they got day in and day out.

Parents, wives and families back home received casualty lists, listing all the

dead from each town. Most families lost one

or more of their children.


pages 302-321 Women in the War

Dorothea Dix, who had fought for the rights of the mentally ill and for prisoners, organized women nurses for the war. She worked out of hospitals and made sure all women were plain looking and over 30.

Clara Barton brought nurses to the battlefields, nursing troops in tents on site. She was the founder of the American Red Cross.


pages 302-321

Emancipation Proclamation

The South ignored the proclamation. Those in the North were now fighting a crusade for freedom ~ because all men are created equal.

On January 1, 1863, President Lincoln wrote a proclamation saying that all African Americans in the South were free. This was called the Emancipation Proclamation.

Emancipation means to free.

Emancipation.m4v



1861







1862

1861






River.

Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation ,

freeing all Southern slaves.

1863

1862

In the bloody battle at Antietam many died. The North

"won" but both sides lost thousands.


pages 302-321

The Draft

On both sides, you could pay a substitute to take your place. Only the rich could pay. They said the war was "a rich man's war and a poor man's fight."

Many tried to avoid being forced to fight, especially after the Emancipation Proclamation. They did not want to fight "for blacks." Riots broke out in some places.

Both sides were running out of men. So many were dying. No one was volunteering.

The Confederacy passed a draft law in 1862, saying all men between 18 - 35 needed to put in 3 years of military service.

In 1863 the Union conscription (draft) called all men between 20-45.


pages 302-321

Gettysburg

Confederate General Robert E. Lee had lost 1/3 of his whole army in that one battle.

He retreated back to Virginia and did not again try to invade the North.

The South invaded the North near a town called Gettysburg. The North had 90,000 men and the South had 75,000 troops.

In July 1863 they fought for three days. In those three days, 17,500 Union soldiers died and 23,000 Confederate soldiers died.


pages 302-321

Gettysburg Address

He gave what is now called the Gettysburg Address ~ a speech about the great civil war. He reminded the people of the Declaration of Independence and the fight to defend that ideal.

In late 1863, Lincoln traveled to Gettysburg. A new cemetery had been built to bury the thousands who died there. Lincoln was asked to speak.

Gettysburg Address.m4v


pages 302-321Civil War Timeline

1861







1862

1861






River.

Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation ,

freeing all Southern slaves.

1863

1862

In the bloody battle at Antietam many died. The North

"won" but both sides lost thousands.

1863

The battle at Gettysburg lasted 3

days and was the bloodiest. It pushed the

Confederacy back to the South and turned the tide of the war .

The Confederates were on the run.

1863

Lincoln gives the Gettysburg

Address, a speech that asked

Americans to keep fighting and finish

the fight for freedom.

the civil war chapter 22 bull run pages 302-321 · at bull run. the confederacy wins the battle....

Documents