TISSUES NOTES

PART 3

List the body organization terms in the correct order.

The correct order of body organization is: atoms – molecules – cells – tissues – organs – organ systems – organism.

Define the term “tissue”.

A tissue is similar cells with the same function.

Which tissue functions to cover or line organs?

Epithelial tissue functions to cover or line organs.

What is the function of stratified squamous epithelium?The function of stratified squamos epithelium is protection from injury.

What are columnar epithelium?

Columnar epithelium are long rectangular cells, packed close together.

Which type of tissue moves mucus or eggs?Ciliated epithelium (aka: psuedostratified epithelium) moves mucus or eggs.

Where is ciliated epithelium located?

Ciliated epithelium is located in the trachea and fallopian tubes (oviducts)

What is a matrix?

A matrix is an intracellular substance in which tissue is housed or embedded.

Where is loose connective tissue located?

Loose connective tissue is located in the dermis of the skin and the subcutaneous layer of the skin.How are dense connective tissue fibers arranged?Dense connective tissue fibers are parallel.

Where is dense connective tissue located?

Dense connective tissue is located in tendons and ligaments.

What is an osteocyte?

An osteocyte is a living bone cell.

What are the 3 types of cartilage?

Hyaline: connects ribs to sternum, ends of bonesElastic: outer ear or vocal cordsFibrocartilage: between vertebrae and other joints

Where are the 3 types of cartilage located?

The three types of cartilage are: hyaline – elastic – fibrocartilage.

What is the function of adipose tissue?

The function of adipose tissue is: stored energy – food – padding – insulation.

Tissue: Stratified squamous epitheliumHow do you

know?Cells are round on the bottom and begin to flatten out on topLocation

:skin

Tissue: Ciliated Epithelium (aka: psuedostratified epithelium)

How do you know?

Cells have cilia on them

Location:

Trachea & fallopian tubes (oviducts)

Tissue:

Columnar Epithelium

How do you know?

Cells are shaped like columnsLocation

:Lining of the digestive tract

Tissue:

Loose connective tissue (aka: areolar tissue)How do you

know?Collagen & elastin with waterLocatio

n:Dermis of skin – subcutaneous layer

Tissue:

Dense connective tissueHow do you

know?Parallel collagen fibersLocatio

n:Ligaments and tendons

Tissue:

Hyaline cartilageHow do you

know? Osteocytes (bone cells) scattered in the matrix

Location:

Connects ribs to sternum – covers ends of bones

Tissue:

Adipose tissue (fat)How do you

know?Large cell - vacuole filled with fat dropletLocati

on:Throughout the body – used for padding, insulation

III. Nervous Tissue

• made of neurons (nerve cells)

• Function: • send - receive messages, communicate

• Location: • brain, spinal cord, nerves

IV. Muscle Tissue• Function: • to contract (get

shorter)• 3 Types of Muscle Tissue:

1. Smooth Muscle

• involuntary, intestines, breathing

2. Cardiac Muscle

• involuntary, heart muscle• contains INTERCALATED DISCS

3. Skeletal Muscle

• attached to bones - striated (striped), multiple nuclei

• Tissue Repair

• Regeneration: • new cells are same type & normal function is restored

• Fibrosis: • replacement tissue develops (scar tissue) - some loss of function

• type of repair depends on:

1. how severe injury is

2. what kind of tissue it is

• Tissues that Regenerate: • epithelial

tissue• loose & dense connective tissue

• bone

• Tissues that DON’T Regenerate: • skeletal & cardiac

muscle• nervous tissue

• PATHOLOGY • study of diseases – how they occur – changes caused by disease

• Cancer • produced by cell mutation

• cancerous cells:

• reproduce quickly• take away function of tissues• can METASTASIZE (spread) to entire body

• can produce tumors:

• BENIGN - harmless

• MALIGNANT – harmful, spreading