• Flow of knowledge between Art and Science has led to many important advances– Michelangelo• Anatomy

– Painters• Optics

– Surrealists wanted their scientific advancement to be in the anatomy of the psyche, linking them very closely to psychology.

• What Is Surrealism?– Uses imagery from subconscious to create art w/o

the intention of logical comprehensibility.– Andre Breton (1924)– Began In Europe (Paris)– Most popular between two world wars– Grew out of Dada Movement– Represented a reaction against the destruction

brought by rationalism – Main artists: Salvador Dali and Joan Miro

• Founded Surrealism in 1924

• Used to be Dadaist• Surrealist Manifesto

(1924)– From this, other

Dadaists followed.

• Dada Movement– Anti art vs. Positive

expression

• Symbolism• Psychoanalytic work of

Jung and Freud– Collective unconscious

• Knowledge we are born with that is not directly accessible

• Automatism– Most used; “free draw”

• Bulletism– Shoot ink at blank

canvas

• Coulage– Sculpture made by

pouring molten material into cold water

• Cubomania– Make collage by cutting

squares, which are reassembled

• Decalcomania– Thick paint on canvas

then cover with material to make imprint.

• No specific guidelines due to subconscious

• Dream like qualities• Realistic, but irrational

imagery• Hidden images• Distorted images• Can be abstract

Swans reflecting Elephants - Salvador Dali

• Abstract tradition of Surrealism

• Feeling, not analytical• Automatic way images

of subconscious reach consciousness

• Lack of form (rebellion)

The Beautiful Bird Revealing the Unknown to a Pair of Lovers (1941)- Joan Miro

• “Representational Surrealism”

• You must not look at the object, but into it

• Liked academic discipline & form

• Object stood as metaphor for inner reality

• Freeze images The Son of a Man- Rene Magritte

Automatists: Just art & lack of formVeristic Surrealists: meaning &

form

• Born May 11, 1904 in Figueres, Spain• Officially joined Surrealists in 1929• Paranoiac Critical Method• Oniric Critical Method• Expelled from the Surrealist group in 1934• His mission was ‘Molding the images of

Atomic Mysticism in the supreme beauty of classicism’

Beach Scene with Telephone – Salvador Dali

• Classical Period: often concerned scientific, religious, or historical themes

• Modernist establishment hated him because of his style of thought provoking, mystical classical work and the science of painting to which he contributed his life too.

• Impressionism---Surrealism---Classicism

The Persistence of Memory (1931)-Salvador Dali

• World renowned Catalan painter, sculptor, and ceramist

• First surrealist exhibition in 1921• 1929-1930: took interest in the object in the

form of collage– Led to surrealist sculptures

• Picture poems

The Farm (1921-1922)- Joan Miro

Swallow/Love (1934)- Joan Miro

Biblia Sacra 1- Sanctus Hieronymus-Salvador Dali

Cubomanie IV- Gherasim Luca

The False Mirror – Rene Magritte

Dream Sequence

Salvador Dali designed this dream sequence for Alfred Hitchcock's Spellbound (1945)