World War IWorld War IThe Great WarThe Great War

Key VocabularyKey Vocabulary

NationalismNationalism PropagandaPropaganda MilitarismMilitarism Causes of WWICauses of WWI Triple AllianceTriple Alliance Triple EntenteTriple Entente IsolationismIsolationism Modern war techniquesModern war techniques Treaty of ParisTreaty of Paris

M.A.I.N.M.A.I.N. MilitarismMilitarism

AlliancesAlliances

IsolationismIsolationism

NationalismNationalism

Some causes of WWISome causes of WWI

In June of 1914 The Archduke of In June of 1914 The Archduke of Autria-Hungary wasAutria-Hungary wasassassinated by a “crazy” person assassinated by a “crazy” person who did not like him.who did not like him.

Germany, his country’s ally, Germany, his country’s ally, believed its enemies were behind believed its enemies were behind his murder and started to get its his murder and started to get its troops ready to attack countries troops ready to attack countries such as France and England. such as France and England.

Sinking of RMS LusitaniaSinking of RMS Lusitania•In May of 1915 a passenger cruise ship, RMS Lusitania, was sunk by a German U-Boat [submarine] off the coast of Ireland killing nearly 2,000 people including almost 200 Americans.•This aggression caused the Americans to be even angrier at Germany and made them confident they made the correct decision to fight them and eventually win.

MMilitarismilitarism Two principal reasons Two principal reasons

for the rise of for the rise of militarismmilitarism::

(1) Desire to be (1) Desire to be powerfulpowerful in order to in order to take overtake over other other countries.countries.

(2) Desire to defend (2) Desire to defend themselves from themselves from powerful countries.powerful countries.

Weapons of WarWeapons of War Many Many new weaponsnew weapons were were

invented for use during the invented for use during the Great WarGreat War..

Such as?Such as?

Machine guns, Machine guns, warplanes, land mines, warplanes, land mines, tanks, chemical gas and tanks, chemical gas and gas masks.gas masks.

Purpose?Purpose?

To kill or injure as many To kill or injure as many people as possible.people as possible.

Weapons of WarWeapons of War TanksTanks-- Soldiers were able to travel on the battlefield quickly with Soldiers were able to travel on the battlefield quickly with

protection and heavy firepower.protection and heavy firepower.

LandminesLandmines- - Soldiers were able to place explosive devices beneath the Soldiers were able to place explosive devices beneath the ground in order to injure, maim or kill without great risk to themselves.ground in order to injure, maim or kill without great risk to themselves.

Mines activated by weight pressure of person walking on top of mine. Mines activated by weight pressure of person walking on top of mine. Exception: Landmines would sometimes malfunction and kill the Exception: Landmines would sometimes malfunction and kill the

person placing it.person placing it.

Striving to be the bestStriving to be the best The principal The principal goal of goal of

warwar is to is to destroy the destroy the enemy.enemy.

Two basic goals during Two basic goals during war.war.

Attacking (offense) or Attacking (offense) or defending against defending against attack (defense).attack (defense).

Tactic used both on Tactic used both on offense and defense offense and defense were were trenchestrenches. .

How can a government convince its How can a government convince its people to think or feel a certain way?people to think or feel a certain way?

Using propaganda.Using propaganda.

What is that?What is that?

Speeches, books, Speeches, books, posters or images used posters or images used to influence someone.to influence someone.

Sometimes they are Sometimes they are meant to meant to scarescare, , warnwarn, , helphelp oror encourageencourage people.people.

Taking SidesTaking Sides Europe had a Europe had a

““trouble maker trouble maker ”” from the 1850s-1914.from the 1850s-1914.

Who was it?Who was it?

GermanyGermany

The The KaiserKaiser [German [German monarch] wanted monarch] wanted more land and power.more land and power.

AAllianceslliances Triple AllianceTriple Alliance: :

Germany, Austria-Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy.Hungary and Italy.

GoalGoal: : Protect members of Protect members of

the alliance.the alliance.

To dominate Europe To dominate Europe and control it.and control it.

AAllianceslliances

Triple EntenteTriple Entente:: Russia, France Russia, France

and England.and England.

GoalGoal: : protect protect

themselves themselves from the Triple from the Triple alliance.alliance.

The Zimmerman Note [telegram]The Zimmerman Note [telegram]•The foreign secretary of Germany, Arthur Zimmerman, in January of 1917 sent a telegram [old version of a text message] to the president of Mexico in “code” asking him to attack the U.S. in exchange for return of territories [Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona].

•The telegram was intercepted and angered the U.S. to the point of joining the allies against Germany.

IIsolationism: solationism: American InvolvementAmerican Involvement France got their butts France got their butts

kicked by Germanykicked by Germany and and needed help.needed help.

The United States wanted The United States wanted to remain neutral and to remain neutral and isolate [isolationism] isolate [isolationism] itself from the rest of the itself from the rest of the world. world.

The United States came to The United States came to their aid and joined their their aid and joined their alliance in 1917.alliance in 1917.

AmericanAmerican firepower and firepower and industrial power was the industrial power was the key the key the Triple Entente’s Triple Entente’s victoryvictory..

NNationalismationalism Extreme feelings of pride Extreme feelings of pride

for a country.for a country.

What can this lead to?What can this lead to?

Feeling jealous, envious, Feeling jealous, envious, suspicious, fearful or suspicious, fearful or hateful toward another hateful toward another country.country.

These “feelings” can be These “feelings” can be exploitedexploited by a by a government’s leadership.government’s leadership.

PropagandaPropaganda

PropagandaPropaganda

PropagandaPropaganda

The Peace at ParisThe Peace at Paris The The Allied PowersAllied Powers [led by [led by

the U.S.] the U.S.] defeateddefeated the the Central PowersCentral Powers by 1918. by 1918.

The Germans were forced to The Germans were forced to surrender.surrender.

Everyone involved in the Everyone involved in the war met at Versailles to war met at Versailles to negotiate a treaty.negotiate a treaty.

Forced to pay Forced to pay reparationsreparations [pay damages].[pay damages].

Forced to sign a Forced to sign a guilt guilt clauseclause [take blame for [take blame for starting the war] on the starting the war] on the treaty.treaty.

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