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Anesthetic management for a patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome undergoing tonsillectomy155 Anesthetic Management for a Patient with Wolff-Parkinson- White S yndrome undergoing Tonsillectomy Masayuki Oshima“, Yoichi Shimada“, Atsuhiro S akamoto“, Ryo Ogawa“ We present here a patient with Wolff-Parkinson- wnite ,(WPW) syndrome, who was anesthetized with propofbl du血g palatine tonsillectomy. Case A palatine tonsillectomy was planned for a 33-year- old 165 cm and 59 kg, female with chronic tonsillitis. Preoperative exami lation血dicated no specific find- ings except for the WPW syndrome detected by electrocardiogram (Fig.). B ased on a more detailed examination using a Holter electrocardiogram, she was diagnosed as having WPW syndrome. Anesthetic management No preanesthetic medication was administered to the patient. After establishing the venous line on the left forearm, O.025 mg of fentanyl was administered intravenously and target controlled infusion was carried out to obtain a target blood concentration of propofol of 3 pt g/mi. Vecuronium (3 mg) was also administered intravenously to facilitate tracheal in- tubation. Anesthesia was maintained using fentanyl (total amount of O.1 mg), propofol (target blood concentration of 3-4 pt g/ml), nitrous oxide and oxygen. In addition to local administration of 1 90 lidocaine containing epinephrine (5 pt g/mi) around the tonsil, disopyramide was continuously administered. in- travenously at 200 mgth to avoid tachyarrythmias. Delta wave was apparent from the induction to the end *Deparment of Anesthesiology,, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan of anesthesia, but perioperative hemodynamics were relatively stable. Postoperatively, disappearance of the muscle relaxant action of vecuronium was confirmed and the patient was extubated without antagonizing the muscle relaxant effect, and returned to her ward. Discussion Sadowski and Moyers i) established that successful anesthetic management of the WPW syndrome and its variants depends on avoiding tachyarrythmias by suppression of sympathetic stimulation and is predict- ed upon understanding the electrophysiologic and clinical manifestations. Therefore, we avoided using atropine as the preanesthetic medication as well as for reversal of the muscle relaxant. Although a report showed that the delta wave was disappeared following propofol administration2), it is considered that propofol does not affect the refractory periods of the atriovenuicular node, right ventricle and accessory pathway3). We could administer propofol safely for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia. in addition to propofol, fentanyl and nitrous oxide were also used to maintain anesthesia. Neither fentanyl nor nitrous oxide had a modifying effect on the refractory periods of the accessory pathway4). Patients with WPW syndrome may have two maj or types of arrhythmias: auial flutter fibrillation or atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia. Atrial flut- ter fibrillation can be life-threatening in patients with short anterograde refractory periods of the accessory pathway, since it may deteriorate to ventricular fibrillation. Disopyramide have beneficial effects on Presented by Medical*Online

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Page 1: Anesthetic Management for a Patient with Wolff-Parkinson-jsccm.umin.jp/journal_archive/1995.1-2009.2/2003/002402/...Anesthetic management for a patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White

Anesthetic management for a patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome undergoing tonsillectomy155

Anesthetic Management for a Patient with Wolff-Parkinson-

            White S yndrome undergoing Tonsillectomy

Masayuki Oshima“, Yoichi Shimada“, Atsuhiro S akamoto“, Ryo Ogawa“

  We present here a patient with Wolff-Parkinson-

wnite ,(WPW) syndrome, who was anesthetized with

propofbl du血g palatine tonsillectomy.

  Case

  A palatine tonsillectomy was planned for a 33-year-

old 165 cm and 59 kg, female with chronic tonsillitis.

Preoperative exami lation血dicated no specific find-

ings except for the WPW syndrome detected by

electrocardiogram (Fig.). B ased on a more detailed

examination using a Holter electrocardiogram, she was

diagnosed as having WPW syndrome.

  Anesthetic management

  No preanesthetic medication was administered to

the patient. After establishing the venous line on the

left forearm, O.025 mg of fentanyl was administered

intravenously and target controlled infusion was

carried out to obtain a target blood concentration of

propofol of 3 pt g/mi. Vecuronium (3 mg) was also

administered intravenously to facilitate tracheal in-

tubation. Anesthesia was maintained using fentanyl

(total amount of O.1 mg), propofol (target blood

concentration of 3-4 pt g/ml), nitrous oxide and oxygen.

In addition to local administration of 1 90 lidocaine

containing epinephrine (5 pt g/mi) around the tonsil,

disopyramide was continuously administered. in-

travenously at 200 mgth to avoid tachyarrythmias.

Delta wave was apparent from the induction to the end

*Deparment of Anesthesiology,, Nippon Medical School,

Tokyo, Japan

of anesthesia, but perioperative hemodynamics were

relatively stable. Postoperatively, disappearance of the

muscle relaxant action of vecuronium was confirmed

and the patient was extubated without antagonizing the

muscle relaxant effect, and returned to her ward.

Discussion

  Sadowski and Moyers i) established that successful

anesthetic management of the WPW syndrome and its

variants depends on avoiding tachyarrythmias by

suppression of sympathetic stimulation and is predict-

ed upon understanding the electrophysiologic and

clinical manifestations. Therefore, we avoided using

atropine as the preanesthetic medication as well as for

reversal of the muscle relaxant.

  Although a report showed that the delta wave was

disappeared following propofol administration2), it is

considered that propofol does not affect the refractory

periods of the atriovenuicular node, right ventricle and

accessory pathway3). We could administer propofol

safely for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia.

in addition to propofol, fentanyl and nitrous oxide

were also used to maintain anesthesia. Neither fentanyl

nor nitrous oxide had a modifying effect on the

refractory periods of the accessory pathway4).

  Patients with WPW syndrome may have two maj or

types of arrhythmias: auial flutter fibrillation or

atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia. Atrial flut-

ter fibrillation can be life-threatening in patients with

short anterograde refractory periods of the accessory

pathway, since it may deteriorate to ventricular

fibrillation. Disopyramide have beneficial effects on

Presented by Medical*Online

Page 2: Anesthetic Management for a Patient with Wolff-Parkinson-jsccm.umin.jp/journal_archive/1995.1-2009.2/2003/002402/...Anesthetic management for a patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White

156 循環:制御第24巻第2号(2003)

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Fig. Preoperative 12-lead electrocardiogram showing Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.

accessory pathway conduction in patients with WPW

syndromeS・6). Because local administration of lidocaine

containing epinephrine around the tonsil may lead to

tachycardia, disopyramide was continuously adminis-

tered to prevent it. However, disopyramide is useful

and safe in patients with normal ventricular function

who have atrial fibrillation and a predominant vent-

ricular response over an accessory atrioventricular

pathway5-8). Therefore, prophylactic administration of

disopyramide may have little effect.

  Conclusion

  A patient with WPW syndrome was anesthetized

with target controlled infusion of propofol during

palatine tonsillectomy without any sequelae.

  This case report was partly presented at the 22nd

annual meeting of The Japan Society for Clinical

Anesthesia (Kofu, Nov. 2002).

  References

1 ) Sadowski AR, Moyers JR : Anesthetic management of the

   Woliif-Parktnson-White syndrome. Anesthesiology 51 :

   553-556, ユ979

2) Sekt S, lchimiya T, Tsuchida H, et al : A case of

   normalization of Wolff-Parkinson-wnite syndrome conduc一

3)

4)

5)

6)

7)

8)

tion during propofol anesthesia. Anesthesiology 90 :

1779-1781, 1999

Sharpe MD, Dobkowski WB, Murkin JM, et al : Propofol

has no direct effect on smoatrral node function or on normal

atrroventncular and accessory pathway conduction in

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome during alfentaniVmi-

dazolam anesthesia. Anesthesiology 82 : 888-895, 1995

Gomez-Arnau J, Marquez-Montes J, Avello F : Fentanyl

and droperidol effects on the refractorJness of the accessory

pathway in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Anest-

hesiology 58:307-313, 1983

Spurrell RAJ, Thorburn CW, Carnm J, et al:Effects of

disopyramide on electrophysiological propenies of special-

ized conduction system in man and on accessory at-

rioventrlcular pat lway皿Wolff-Parkinson-White syn-

drome. Br Heart J 37:861-867, 1975

Kerr CR, Prystowsky EN, Smith WM, et al:Elect-

rophysiologic effects of disopyramide phosphate in patients

wnh Wolff-Parknson-White syndrome. Circulation 65 :

869-878, 1982

Bennetr DH : DisQpyramide in patients vvith the Wolff-

Parkinson-White syndrome and atrial fibrillation. Chest

74 :624-628, 1978

Fujimura O, Klein GJ, Sharma AD, et al:Acute effect of

disopyramide on atrial fibrillation in the Wolff-Parkinson-

White syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol 13 : 1133-1137,

1989

(Circ Cont 24 : 155 ’一 156, 2003)

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