Art Of The Middle AgesCultural Leadership moved from Mediterranean to France, Germany, and BritainChristianity and the Church dominated Emphasis in art shifted from this world to the afterlife (fear of Hell)The body was not beautiful but corrupt

Reliquary Shrine, second quarter of the 14th centuryAttributed to Jean de Touyl (French, died 1349)

Art Was The Servant Of The ChurchNudes ForbiddenEven clothed bodies ignored anatomyLost Greek value of balance between body and mindOnly interested in soulWanted to attract and inspire new believers Tomb Effigy of Jean d'Alluye, mid-13th centuryFrench; Carved in Touraine, Loire ValleyThe Annunciation, ca. 12901300German; Made in Altenberg-an-der-Lahn, Hesse Crucifix, ca. 11501200Spanish; Made in Palencia, Castile-Len

Illuminated Manuscriptseaf from a Beatus Manuscript: Christ in Majesty with Angels and the Angel of God Directs Saint John to Write the Book of Revelation, ca. 1180; RomanesqueSpanish; Made in Burgos, Castile-Len

TapestryThe Unicorn in Captivity, 14951505South Netherlandish

Byzantine Art330 AD- 1453 ADCentered in ConstantinopleCombined Greek Oriental taste for rich decoration and color with Christian themes

IconsSmall wood-panel paintings Rigid frontal posesHalos, staring wide eyesBelieved to possess supernatural powersCarried into battleKissed so often the paint is worn awayIdolatry? Banned 726-843

Icon with the Nativity. Byzantine, first quarter of the 15th century. Tempera and gold on wood, priming on textileTriptych with Virgin and Child and Saints. Nikolaos Tzafouris (act. 148993) or Andreas Ritzos (14221492). Crete (Candia?), late 15th century.

MosaicsIntended to publicize the new religionOften depicted Christ as teacherHuman figures are flat, stiff, symmetrically placed.Almond-shaped faces, solemn expressions, no movement

CathedralsSeat of the Bishop and DioceseShaped like a CrossChavet- PillowDraw of PilgrimsHoused Relics and Tombs

Hagia Sophia Holy WisdomMystical atmosphereNearly 3 football fields longPendentives- four arches formed a squareForty arched windows encircle the base of the dome to give illusion of halo

Romanesque Cathedral1050-1200Horizontal EmphasisStone roof with rounded archesThick piers and walls support roofSmaller windows- dark and solemn

Romanesque Cathedral

Gothic Cathedral1200-1500Vertical Emphasis- reaches to heavenStone roof with pointed arches and ribbed vaultThin walls and piers supported by Flying ButtressesLarge stain glass windows- airy and Holy Light

Flying Buttresses

Stain Glass WindowsTold religious storiesSymbolismHonored craftsmen and benefactors

Martyrdom of Saint Lawrence, ca. 11751180; Romanesque

Rose Window

SculptureEarly Gothic- Long and LeanBody was despisedLate Gothic- more rounded and realisticAristotle taught that the body was An envelope for the Soul

Giotto: Death of Christ, Fresco c. 1306

Giotto. Meeting at the Golden Gate. 1304-1306. Fresco. Capella degli Scrovegni, Padua, Italy.

Late Middle AgesThe Annunciation Triptych, Altarpiece, ca. 1425Robert Campin and Assistant (South Netherlandish [Tournai], active by 1406, died 1444)South Netherlandish; Made in Tournai