consti 2 digests 1 (1)

8/9/2019 Consti 2 Digests 1 (1)

1/23

LAMBINO VS COMELEC, G.R. No. 174153

• TOPIC: AMENDMENT AND REVISION

• FACTS:

- February 2006: petitioner Rau! "# "a$bino an% &o$pany '("a$bino )roup*+,atere% i,nature .or an initiati/e to &an,e te 13 Contitution by i.tin, tepreent Bicameral-Presidential System into a Unicameral-Parliamentary System 'trou, $o%i.i&ation o. e&tion o. Art VI '"e,i!ati/e Dept+ an% Art VII'E4e&uti/e Dept++#

- On Au,ut o. te a$e year5 tey .i!e% a petition it te COME"EC to o!% ap!ebi&ite to rati.y teir initiati/e petition un%er Section 5 (b, c) and Sec. 7 of R.A.No. 675 (!nitiati"e and Referend#m Act)

- Peititioner a!!e,e% tat teir initiati/e petition a% te upport o. 6#7 $i!!ionin%i/i%ua!5 &onitin, o. at !eat 28 o. a!! re,itere% /oter5 an% ea& !e,i!ati/e%itri&t repreente% by at !eat 78#

- Te propoition in ai% petition rea% a .o!!o: (DO 9O APPROVE T;E AMENDMENT OF ARTIC"ES VI AND VII OF T;E 13 CONSTITTION5C;AN)IN) T;E FORM OF )OVERNMENT FROM T;E PRESENT *

- Te COME"EC %enie% te petition5 &itin, te %e&iion in Santia$o "s %&'% erein RA 637? a %e!&are% ina%e@uate to i$p!e$ent te initati/e &!aue onpropoa! to a$en% te Contitution

- CONTENTION OF PETITIONERS: "a$bino )roup a!!e,e% tat te COME"EC&o$$itte% ,ra/e abue o. %i&retion in %enyin, teir petition an% &!ai$e% tatSantia,o i not a bin%in, pre&e%ent bin% on!y te partie to tat &ae# Tey a!o&!ai$e% tat teir petition %eer/e &o,nian&e be&aue it i (te i!! o. teo/erei,n peop!e*#

- Oter ,roup an% in%i/i%ua! ou,t inter/ention5 it o$e a!!e,in, tat te nature

o. te &an,e ou,t by te petitioner are re/iion an% not $ere a$en%e$enta pro/i%e% un%er Sec. *, Art +!! of te /07 %onstit#tion.

• ISSES:

# BN te "a$bino )roup initiati/e petition &o$p!ie it Se 25 Art# =VII o. te Contitution on a$en%e$ent to te Contitution trou, a peop!einitati/e#

2# BN ti Court ou!% re/iit it ru!in, in Santia$o %e&!arin, RA 637?(in&o$p!ete5 ina%e@uate or antin, in eentia! ter$ an% &on%ition* toi$p!e$ent te initati/e &!aue on propoa! to a$en%e te Contitution

7# BN te COME"EC &o$$itte% ,ra/e abue o. %i&retion in %enyin, %ue&oure to te "a$bino )roup petition

• R"IN):

- 12 P1!1!&N 2AS N& 'R!1 # Te "a$bino )roup .ai!e% to &o$p!y it te bai&re@uire$ent o. te Contitution in &on%u&tin, a peop!e initiati/e# Te Court%e&!are% tat tere is no need to re"isit te Santia$o decision be&aue te ai%.ai!ure o. te petitioner a!one i enou, to &ontitute a ,roun% .or %i$ia!#

# 1e !nitiati"e Petition does not com3ly 4it Sec. *, Art +!! of te%onstit#tion


2/23

o Se 2 pro/i%e tat (A$en%e$ent to ti Contitution $ay !ieie

be directly 3ro3osed by te 3eo3le tro#$ initiati"e #3on a 3etition…”

o Te Court &onu!te% te %e!iberation o. te Contitutiona!

Co$$iion on te prae (%ire&t!y propoe% by te peop!e trou,initati/e upon a petition*# Te %e!iberation pro/i%e% tat te prae

$ean tat te draft of te 3ro3osed can$es m#st be ready and so4n to te 3eo3le before tey si$n.

o Te .u!! te4t $ut be on to te peop!e be.ore tey a..i4 teir

i,nature on te petition# Oterie5 ti &ontitute a .or$ o. .rau%or %e&eption#

o N&1 A S!N &R, P2RAS, &R SN1N%&8 12

%2ANS PR&P&S B9 12 P1!1!&NRS APPAR &N 12 S!NA1UR S21. Petitioner a!!e,e% tat tey printe%005000 &opie o. te .u!! te4t .or %itribution but e/en o5 te a$ounti not u..i&ient to in.or$ te nu$ber o. peop!e ne&eary .or rati.i&ation#

2# 1e initiati"e "iolates Sec *, Art +!! of te %onstit#tion isallo4in$ Re"ision tro#$ !nitiati"es#

o Se o. Art =VII pro/i%e tat A$en%e$ent and re"isions $ay be

propoe% by Con,re or a &ontitutiona! &on/ention# Se 2pro/i%e tat amendements $ay !ieie be propoe% by te peop!etrou, initiati/e# Tii re.!e&t a &!ear intention o. te .ra$er to $aea %itin&tion beteen te $o%e o. a$en%e$ent an% re/iion5 !i$itin,peop!e initiati/e on!y to te .or$er#

o Te SC too into &oni%eration a t4o-3art test etab!ie% by

Ca!i.ornia &ourt to %eter$ine eter a &an,e i a re/iion or ana$en%$ent te @uantitati/e tet 'eter te &an,e i oe4teni/e tat it &an,e te &ontitution in it entirety+ an% @ua!itati/etet 'eter te &an,e i!! a&&o$p!i u& .ar rea&in, &an,e inte nature o. te bai& ,o/ern$ent p!an+# Te Court ru!e% tat te&an,e propoe% by te "a$bino ,roup amo#nts to a re"isionin&e i.tin, te .or$ o. ,o/ern$ent .ro$ bi&a$era! to uni&a$era!ou!% ra%i&a!!y a!ter te .ra$eor o. te ,o/ern$ent et by teContitution# 1erefore, te mode 3eo3le:s initati"e cannot be#sed to enact s#c can$es since said mode is limited only toamendments.

7# A re"isit to te Santia$o case is not necessary.o An a..ir$ation or re/era! o. te Santia,o &ae i!! not &an,e te

out&o$e o. te preent petition#o Au$in, tat RA 637? i /a!i% to i$p!e$ent a$en%$ent o. te

Contitution5 ti i!! not &an,e te reu!t be&aue te petitioner.ai!e% to &o$p!y it te bai& re@uire$ent et .ort in teContitution#

G# 1e %&'% did not commit $ra"e ab#se of discretion in dismissin$ te 3etitioner:s !nititati"e.

o Te COME"EC en ban& $ere!y .o!!oe% te SC pre/iou ru!in, in

Santia$o an% Peo3le:s !nitiati"e for Reform, 'oderni;ation and


3/23

Action (P!R'A) ". %&'% an% no ,ra/e abue o. %i&retion iattributab!e#

____________________________________________________________________________

SANTIAGO VS. COMELEC

• TOPIC: STA)ES OF AMENDMENT AND REVISION PROPOSA" STA)E

• FACTS

- De 65 116: pri/ate repon%ent Atty Heu S# De!.in .i!e% it te COME"EC a(Petition to a$en% te Contitution5 to !i.t ter$ !i$it o. e!e&ti/e o..i&ia!5 by Peop!eInititati/e* '(DO 9O APPROVE OF "IFTIN) T;E TERM "IMITS OF A"" E"ECTIVE)OVERNMENT OFFICIA"S5 AMENDIN) FOR T;E PRPOSE SECTIONS G AND3 OF ARTIC"E VI5 SECTION G OF ARTIC"E VII5 AND SECTION OF ARTIC"E =OF T;E 13 P;I"IPPINE CONSTITTION>*+# De!.in a!!e,e% tat e i a $e$ber o. te Mo/e$ent .or Peop!e Inititati/e5 a ,roup inten%in, to e4er&ie te poer to%ire&t!y propoe% a$en%$ent un%er Sec. *, Art, +!! of te %onstit#tion#

- Te e4er&ie o. peop!e initiati/e a!! be &on%u&te% un%er te &ontro! an%uper/iion o. te COME"EC# %&'% Resol#tion No. *


4/23

%# COME"EC Reo!ution 2700 i ultra vires in&e on!y Con,re iautorie% by te Contitution to pa te i$p!e$entin, !a on initiati/eto a$en%#

e# Te propoe% &an,e &ontitute a re/iion an% peop!e initiati/e i!i$ite% on!y to a$en%$ent 'in/oe% tate$ent o. Fr# Hoa@uin


5/23

- RA 675 is N&1 in com3liance 4it te 3o4er and d#ty of %on$ress to 3ro"idefor te im3lementation of te e>ercise of Peo3le:s !nitiati"e?

a# Se 2 o. ai% a&t tate tat te peop!e a/e te poer to (%ire&t!y propoe5ena&t5 appro/e or ree&t5 In o!e or in part5 te Contitution5 !a5or%inan&e5 or reo!utionJ*# It i &!ear tat (Contitution* a a%%e% on!y aan a.tertou,t be&aue te peop!e cannot (propoe5 ena&t5 appro/e5 or

ree&t* te .un%a$enta! !a5 on!y te !at tree o. te enu$eration#b# Se ?'&0 pro/i%e .or te &ontent o. a petition .or a !a ou,t to be

ena&te%5 appro/e%5 ree&te%5 a$en%e%5 repea!e%# Bi!e no i$i!ar pro/iione4it un%er te initiati/e on Contitution#

Te !a& o. ubtit!e pro/i%e% .or initiati/e on te Contitution in%i&ate tat te$ain trut o. te a&t i initiati/e an% re.eren%u$ o. nationa! an% !o&a! !a# I. Con,re a% inten%e% to in&!u%e initiati/e on te Contitution5 anappropriate ubtit!e ou!% a/e been in&!u%e%#

- @RA 675 is incom3lete, inade#ate, or 4antin$ in essential terms and conditions insofar as initiati"e on amendments to te %onstit#tion isconcerned

____________________________________________________________________________

SANIDAD VS. COMELEC

• TOPIC: AMENDMENT AND REVISION HDICIA" REVIEB

• FACTS:

- Septe$ber 25 1365 Prei%ent Fer%inan% Mar&o iue% P.. No. //5 &a!!in, .or anationa! re.eren%u$ on O&tober o. te a$e year .or te Citien Ae$b!ie'(baran,ay* to reo!/e iue o.: 'a+ $artia! !a5 'b+ te interi$ ae$b!y an% itrep!a&e$ent5 '%+ te rep!a&e$ent poer5 perio% o. e4iten&e5 an% 'e+ te !en,t.or te e4er&ie by te Prei%ent an% i preent poer#

- Septe$ber 225 1365 iuan&e o. P#D# No# 075 a$en%in, te pre/iou De&ree5

%e&!arin, tat te pro/iion o. P#D# No# 221 i!! be app!i&ab!e to te nationa!re.eren%u$-p!ebi&ite pre/iou!t $entione%

- Septe$ber 225 136: P#D# 077 a iue%5 tatin, te @uetion to be in&!u%e% inte re.eren%u$-p!ebi&ite 'Firt5 eter te peop!e ant $artia! !a to be &ontinue%an% e&on%5 i. tey appro/e o. te !it o. a$en%$ent atta&e%5 rep!a&in, te interi$Nationa! Ae$b!y it an interi$


6/23

# BN te &ae $ay be ube&te% to u%i&ia! re/ie BN te iue &ontitute apo!iti&a! @uetion an%5 tere.ore i beyon% &o,nian&e o. te &ourt

2# BN Mar&o5 te in&u$bent prei%ent5 &an /a!i%!y propoe a$en%$ent to teContitution#

• R"IN):

- 12 P1!1!&NS AR &! &8 'R!1

a# Hui&iabi!ity o. te @uetion raie%o Te petitioner Sani%a% 3ossess le$al standin$ (loc#s standi +#

Statute $ay be &ontete% by toe o i!! utain %ire&t inury a areu!t o. teir en.or&e$ent# At te intan&e o. ta4payer5 !apro/i%in, .or te %ibure$ent o. pub!i& .un% $ay be enoine%# In ti&ae5 P#D# No# 11 appropriate Pp?50005000 .or it purpoe5 i!eP#D# No# 07 appropriate Pp50005000# Te interet o. tepetitioner in te !a.u! e4pen%iture o.pub!i& $oney u..i&ient!y &!otete$ it perona!ity a !iti,ant#

o 1e amendin$ 3rocess bot as to 3ro3osal and ratification

raises a C#dicial #estion5 epe&ia!!y in ti &ae ere te poer nor$a!!y e4er&ie% by one bran& '!e,i!ati/e+ i e4er&ie% by anoter 'e4e&uti/e+# n%er Se ?5 Art =VI o. te 137 Contitution5 tepoer to propoe a$en%$ent rei%e in te interi$ Nationa!

Ae$b!y %urin, te perio% o. tranition# Te .a&t tat te &urrent&ir&u$tan&e %e/iate .ro$ ai% pro/iion raie an iue o. &ontitutiona!ity o. te Prei%entia! De&ree5 tu $ain, te iue ontat $ay be re&o,nie% by te &ourt#

b# May te Prei%ent /a!i%!y propoe a$en%$ent to te Contitutiono Con&entraion o. ,o/ern$ent poer in te Prei%ent %urin, ti$e o.

nationa! &rii i a /a!i% a&t# Se 7 'par# 5 2+ o. te TranitoryPro/iion pro/i%e tat te Prei%ent (a!! &ontinue to e4er&ie tepoer &ete% in te Prei%ene tna %t epri$e Miniter unti! e &a!!upon te interi$ Nationa! Ae$b!y to e!e&t te interi$ Prei%ent an%interi$ Pri$e Miniter#*

o In te a$e arti&!e5 te %i&retion o. en to &a!! te initia! &on/enin,

ot te interi$ Nationa! Ae$b!y !ie in te Prei%ent# A!o5 te peop!ea!rea%y ree&te% te &a!!in, o. te interi$ Nationa! Ae$b!y trou,re.eren%u$# Bit on!y te e4e&uti/e an% Hu%i&ia! bran&e inoperation5 it it i$perati/e o. te Prei%ent to a&t a an a,ent o. tepeop!e 'in&e te SC %oe not a/e te poer to !e,i!ate+#

o Te re.eren%u$-p!ebi&ite a!o er/e a a reoun%in, &a!! to te

peop!e to e4er&ie teir o/eri,n poer#

__________________________________________________________________________

OSMENA VS. COMELEC (1998)

• TOPIC: RELISITES OF HDICIA" REVIEB ACTA" CASE OR CONTROVERS9

• FACTS


7/23

- Petition .or proibition5 eein, a ree4a$ination o. te /a!i%ity o. Sec. (b) of RA66D6 (lectoral Reforms a4 of /07 +5 i& proibit $a $e%ia .ro$ e!!in, or ,i/in, .ree o. &ar,e print pa&eair ti$e .or &a$pai,nin, an% oter po!iti&a!purpoe5 e4&ept to te COME"EC#

- Petitioner E$i!io M#R# O$ena i a &an%i%ate .or Prei%ent o. te Pi!ippine an%.e!!o petitioner5 Pab!o P# )ar&ia i a ,o/ernor o. Cebu pro/in&e5 eein, ree!e&tion#

Petitioner are #estionin$ te "alidity of te decision in National Press %l#b ".%&'% (//*)

- NPC /# COME"EC upe!% te /a!i%ity o. te @uetione% pro/iion a,aint &!ai$ tatit abri%,e% .ree%o$ o. pee& an% o. te pre# Petitioner &!ai$ tat te ru!in,5 inte .i/e year in&e te %e&iion5 a a% (un%eirab!e e..e&t* an% (ore% to te%ia%/anta,e o. te poor &an%i%ate* o &annot a..or% oter $e%iu$ o. &a$pai,nin, in &ontrat to te $ore a..!uent opponent#

- Petitioner a% no e$piri&a! %ata to upport teir &!ai$#

• ISSES

- BN tere i an a&tua! &ontro/ery .or te Supre$e Court to %e&i%e#

• R"IN)

- P1!1!&N !S'!SS. 12R !S N& %AS &R %&N1R&RS9 1& %!,&N9 AN A%A'!% !S%USS!&N 1& 2&.

- Ar$#mentation 4as made at te teoretical and not te 3ractical le"el # Teyere unab!e to o proo. on te e/ent tat tey &!ai$e% to a/e in/a!i%ate% te%e&iion in te NPC &ae# Tey %o not &o$p!ain tat tey a/e been %ia%/anta,e%be&aue o. te !a#

- Te NPC &ae a5 oe/er5 re/iite% by te SC# Tere i no (a% ban*# It proibitte a!e an% %onation o. print pa&e an% air ti$e5 but a!o $an%ate te COME"ECto pro&ure an% ite!. a!!o&ate to te &an%i%ate te pa&e an% ti$e in te $e%ia 'tii in a&&or%an&e an% ar$onie% it te O$nubu E!e&tion Co%e pro/iion i&$an%ate te COME"EC to a!!o&ate nepaper pa&e an% ra%io an% te!e/iion ti$e.or &an%i%iate+#

A. Cas T!"# Atty# Ro$u!o


8/23

• Beter te %ei,nation o. $e$ber o. te Supre$e Court a $e$ber o. te

Prei%entia! E!e&tora! Tribuna! i un&ontitutiona! .or bein, a /io!ation o. Se&tion 25 Arti&!e VIII o. te 13 Contitution#

0"!"!o+s Co""!o/In i Rep!y53 petitioner $aintain tat:

# ;e a !e,a! tan%in, to .i!e te petition ,i/en i a/er$ent o. tran&en%enta!

i$portan&e o. te iue raie% terein2# Te &reation o. te PET5 a eparate tribuna! .ro$ te Supre$e Court5 /io!ate Se&tion

G5 Arti&!e VII o. te Contitution an%7# Te PET5 bein, a eparate tribuna!5 e4er&ie @uai-u%i&ia! .un&tion &ontrary to

Se&tion 25 Arti&!e VIII o. te Contitution#D. Iss-

Beter or not te petitioner a te !o&u tan%i to .i!e intant petition>E. R-#!

No. On $ore tan one o&&aion e a/e &ara&terie% a proper party a one o autaine% or i in i$$e%iate %an,er o. utainin, an inury a a reu!t o. te a&t &o$p!aine%o.#1 Te %ut a !on, ett!e% on te tet !ai% %on in


9/23

Be ,rant te petition .or te ri,t ou,t to be /in%i&ate% by te petitioner nee% tron,er barrier a,aint .urter eroion#

A#O# No# 70 a pub!ie% in .our nepaper o. ,enera! &ir&u!ation on Hanuary 225113 an% Hanuary 275 113# On Hanuary 2G5 1135 petitioner .i!e% te intant petition a,aintrepon%ent5 ten E4e&uti/e Se&retary Ruben Torre an% te ea% o. te ,o/ern$enta,en&ie5 o a $e$ber o. te Inter-A,en&y Coor%inatin, Co$$ittee5 are &ar,e% it te

i$p!e$entation o. A#O# No# 70# On Apri! 5 1135 e iue% a te$porary retrainin, or%er enoinin, it i$p!e$entation#

D. Iss-Beter or not te petitioner a te !o&u tan%i to aai! te /a!i%ity o. A%$initrati/e

Or%er 70#E. R-#!/

9ES# A i uua! in &ontitutiona! !iti,ation5 repon%ent raie te treo!% iue re!atin, tote tan%in, to ue o. te petitioner an% te uti&iabi!ity o. te &ae at bar# More pe&i.i&a!!y5repon%ent a/er tat petitioner a no !e,a! interet to upo!% an% tat te i$p!e$entin, ru!eo. A#O# No# 70 a/e yet to be pro$u!,ate%# Tee ub$iion %o not %eer/e our y$pateti& ear# Petitioner Op!e i a %itin,uie% $e$ber o. our Senate# A a Senator5

petitioner i poee% o. te re@uiite tan%in, to brin, uit raiin, te iue tat te iuan&eo. A#O#No# 70 i a uurpation o. !e,i!ati/e poer#

A ta4payer an% $e$ber o. te )o/ern$ent Ser/i&e Inuran&e Syte$ ')SIS+5 petitioner &an a!o i$pu,n te !e,a!ity o. te $ia!i,n$ent o. pub!i& .un% an% te $iue o. )SIS .un%to i$p!e$ent A#O# No# 70# Te ripene .or a%u%i&ation o. te Petition at bar i not a..e&te% byte .a&t tat te i$p!e$entin, ru!e o. A#O# No# 70 a/e yet to be pro$u!,ate%# Petitioner Op!eaai! A#O# No# 70 a in/a!i% per e an% a in.ir$e% on it .a&e# ;i a&tion i not pre$ature .or te ru!e yet to be pro$u!,ate% &annot &ure it .ata! %e.e&t# Moreo/er5 te repon%entte$e!/e a/e tarte% te i$p!e$entation o. A#O# No# 70 itout aitin, .or te ru!e# A

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10/23

ear!y a Hanuary 15 1135 repon%ent So&ia! Se&urity Syte$ 'SSS+ &aue% te pub!i&ation o. a noti&e to bi% .or te $anu.a&ture o. te Nationa! I%enti.i&ation 'ID+ &ar%# Repon%ent E4e&uti/eSe&retary Torre a pub!i&!y announ&e% tat repreentati/e .ro$ te )SIS an% te SSS a/e&o$p!ete% te ,ui%e!ine .or te nationa! i%enti.i&ation yte$# A!! i,na! .ro$ te repon%ento teir uner/in, i!! to i$p!e$ent A#O# No# 70 an% e nee% not ait .or te .or$a!ity o. te ru!e to pa u%,$ent on it &ontitutiona!ity# In ti !i,t5 te %ienter initen&e tat e

ti,ten te ru!e on tan%in, i not a &o$$en%ab!e tan&e a it reu!t ou!% be to trott!e ani$portant &ontitutiona! prin&ip!e an% a .un%a$enta! ri,t#

0"!"!o !s a"* a* A.O. 38 !s *%#a* -## a* o!* 'o 2! -%os"!"-"!oa#.

A. Cas T!"#Lo-!s 6Bao6 C. B!aoo, Petitioner 5 /# T 0!#!$$! T-" Co!ss!o o' 1, Respondent '1, M*oa, .)

B. To$!%Intro%u&tion Te Contitution an% te Court Re@uiite o. Hu%i&ia! Re/ie Proper

Party '"o&u Stan%i+ Ta4payer uit re@uiiteC. &a%"s o' " Cas

At te %an o. i a%$initration5 Prei%ent Noynoy i,ne% E4e&uti/e Or%er No# etab!iin, t$e P$ilippine )rut$ Commission o# *+,+ )rut$ Commission.! Te Pi!ippine TrutCo$$iion 'PTC+ i &reate% to in/eti,ate report o. ,ra.t an% &orruption &o$$itte% by tir%-!e/e! pub!i& o..i&er an% e$p!oyee5 teir &o-prin&ipa!5 a&&o$p!i&e an% a&&eorie %urin, tea%$initration o. )!oria Ma&apa,a! Arroyo5 an% terea.ter to ub$it it .in%in, an%re&o$$en%ation to te Prei%ent5 Con,re an% te O$bu%$an#


11/23

Beter or not te petitioner a/e te !e,a! tan%in, to .i!e teir repe&ti/e petitionan% @uetion E4e&uti/e Or%er No# E. R-#!/

9e# Petitioner-!e,i!ator petition pri$ari!y in/oe uurpation o. te poer o. teCon,re a a bo%y to i& tey be!on, a $e$ber# Ti &ertain!y uti.ie teir reo!/e totae te &u%,e! .or Con,re a an intitution an% preent te &o$p!aint on te uurpation o.

teir poer an% ri,t a $e$ber o. te !e,i!ature be.ore te Court#To te e4tent te poer o. Con,re are i$paire%5 o i te poer o. ea& $e$ber

tereo.5 in&e i o..i&e &on.er a ri,t to parti&ipate in te e4er&ie o. te poer o. tatintitution#

An a&t o. te E4e&uti/e i& inure te intitution o. Con,re &aue a %eri/ati/e butnonete!e ubtantia! inury5 i& &an be @uetione% by a $e$ber o. Con,re# In u& a&ae5 any $e$ber o. Con,re &an a/e a reort to te &ourt#

In%ee%5 !e,i!ator a/e a !e,a! tan%in, to ee to it tat te prero,ati/e5 poer an%pri/i!e,e /ete% by te Contitution in teir o..i&e re$ain in/io!ate# Tu5 tey are a!!oe% to@uetion te /a!i%ity o. any o..i&ia! a&tion i&5 to teir $in%5 in.rin,e on teir prero,ati/e a!e,i!ator#

Bit re,ar% to


12/23

"e,i!ature5 tey a/e no !e,a! tan%in, to intitute te preent a&tion in teir &apa&ity a$e$ber o. Con,re#

No %oubt5 !e,i!ator are a!!oe% to ue to @uetion te /a!i%ity o. any o..i&ia! a&tion upona &!ai$ o. uurpation o. !e,i!ati/e poer#1 Tat i y5 not e/ery ti$e tat a Senator or aRepreentati/e in/oe te poer o. u%i&ia! re/ie5 te Court auto$ati&a!!y &!ote te$it locus standi!0 Te Court e4a$ine .irt5 a te ponencia %i%5 i. te petitioner raie an

iue pertainin, to an inury to Con,re a an intitution or a %eri/ati/e inury to $e$bertereo.5 be.ore pro&ee%in, to reo!/e tat parti&u!ar iue#Te pe&u!iarity o. te locus standi o. !e,i!ator ne&eari!y &on.ine te a%u%i&ation o. teir petition on!y on $atter tat ten% to i$pair te e4er&ie o. teir o..i&ia! .un&tion


13/23

!s = o''!% a* %!s " %os$o*! sa#a>, a2a*os !s o#* o''!% a*%ao" %#a! "o 2 "o $ossss !" o ?-s"!o " %os"!"-"!oa#!"> o' " #a= 2> !"- o' =!% !s = a$$o!"" as 2 !ss-* an%5 ai% ne appoint$ent a/in, been%iappro/e% by te Co$$iion on Appoint$ent o. te Nationa! Ae$b!y5 neiter &an e&!ai$ to &ontinue o&&upyin, te o..i&e &on.erre% upon i$ by ai% ne appoint$ent5a/in, ipso 3ure &eae% in te %i&ar,e o. te .un&tion tereo.#

1e 3etition for #o 4arranto instit#ted is denied and te same is dismissed.

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

A. Cas T!"#Mani!a Motor Co$pany5 In plainti##-appellee5 /# Manue! T# F!ore5 %e.en%ant-appe!!ant'1?65 5eng6on 4!+

B. To$!% (2as* o " s>##a2-s)Intro%u&tion Te Contitution an% te Court De&!aration o. n&ontitutiona!ity E..e&t

Orto%o4 Vie /# Mo%ern VieC. &a%"s o' " Cas

An appeal #rom a 3udgment o# t$e Court o# 1irst Instance o# (anila

In May 1?G5 Mani!a Motor Co$pany .i!e% in te Muni&ipa! Court o. Mani!a a &o$p!aint tore&o/er .ro$ Manue! T# F!ore te a$ount o. P50G3#1 a &atte! $ort,a,e inta!!$ent i&.e!! %ue in Septe$ber 1G#

De.en%ant p!ea%e% pre&ription: 1G to 1?G#1e com3laint 4as dismissed. On Appea!5 te Court o. Firt Intan&e a %i..erent!y5 utainin, p!ainti..Q &ontention tat

te $oratoriu$ !a a% interrupte% te runnin, o. te pre&ripti/e perio%5 an% tat %e%u&tin,te ti$e %urin, i& ai% !a ere in operation tree year an% ei,t $ont te tenyear ter$ a% not yet e!ape% en &o$p!ainant ue% .or &o!!e&tion in May 1?G#

@'o sa!* %o-" o** " "- o' " %as "o " -!%!$a# -* 'o "!a# o" !"s.

De.en%ant appea!e%5 ar,uin, prin&ipa!!y tat te $oratoriu$ !a %i% not a/e te e..e&t o.

upen%in, te perio% o. !i$itation5 be&aue tey ere un&ontitutiona!# ;e &ite uripru%en&eo!%in, tat en a tatute i a%u%,e% un&ontitutiona! it i a inoperati/e a i. it a% ne/er been pae%5 an% no ri,t &an be bui!t upon it#D. Iss-

Beter or not a tatute a%u%,e% a un&ontitutiona! i inoperati/e a i. it a% ne/er been pae% an% no ri,t &an be bui!t upon it#E. R-#!

No. At any rate5 a!tou, te ,enera! ru!e i tat an un&ontitutiona! tatute &on.er no ri,t5&reate no o..i&e5 a..or% no prote&tion an% uti.ie no a&t per.or$e% un%er it5 tere are e/era!intan&e erein &ourt5 out o. e@uity5 a/e re!a4e% it operation or @ua!i.ie% it e..e&t in&ete a&tua! e4iten&e o. a tatute prior to u& %e&!aration i an operati/e .a&t5 an% $ay a/e&one@uen&e i& &annot ut!y be i,nore%#

-*" a''!*.

0o!% o' Caa!s S- .s T Co-" o' A$$a#s

&a%"s/On De&e$ber 225 15 te San,,unian,Pan!a!ai,an o. te Pro/in&e o. Ca$arine

Sur pae% Reo!ution No# 215 Serie o. 15 autoriin, te Pro/in&ia! )o/ernor to pur&aeor e4propriate property &onti,uou to te pro/in&ia! &apito! ite5 in or%er to etab!i a pi!ot .ar$


14/23

.or non-.oo% an% non-tra%itiona! a,ri&u!tura! &rop an% a ouin, proe&t .or pro/in&ia!,o/ern$ent e$p!oyee#

Puruant to te Reo!ution5 te Pro/in&e o. Ca$arine Sur5 trou, it )o/ernor5 ;on#"ui R#Vi!!a.uerte5 .i!e% to eparate &ae .or e4propriation a,aint Erneto N# San Hoa@uinan% E.ren N# San Hoa@uin5 %o&ete% a Spe&ia! Ci/i! A&tion No# P-3-1 an% P-1-1 o. teRe,iona! Tria! Court5 Pi!i5 Ca$arine Sur5 prei%e% by te ;on#


15/23

T " 0o!% !s -#"!a"#> 'o a $-2#!%$-$os. T s"a2#!s" o' a $!#o" *#o$" %" =o-#* !- "o " *!%"2'!" a* a*a"a o' " $o$# o' " 0o!% o' Caa!s S-.On&e operationa!5te &enter ou!% $ae a/ai!ab!e to te &o$$unity in/a!uab!e in.or$ation an% te&no!o,y ona,ri&u!ture5 .iery an% te &otta,e in%utry# !ti$ate!y5 te !i/e!ioo% o. te .ar$er5 .ier$enan% &ra.t$en ou!% be enan&e%# Te ouin, proe&t a!o ati.ie te pub!i& purpoe

re@uire$ent o. te Contitution#

Bat %oe pub!i& ue $ean> Tere a been a i.t .ro$ te !itera! to a broa%er interpretationo. pub!i& purpoe or pub!i& ue .or i& te poer o. e$inent %o$ain $ay be e4er&ie%#Te o!% &on&ept a tat te &on%e$ne% property $ut a&tua!!y be ue% by te ,enera! pub!i&'e#,# roa%5 bri%,e5 pub!i& p!aa5 et+ be.ore te tain, tereo. &ou!% ati.y te &ontitutiona!re@uire$ent o. pub!i& ue# n%er te ne &on&ept5 pub!i& ue $ean pub!i& a%/anta,e5&on/enien&e or bene.it5 i& ten% to &ontribute to te ,enera! e!.are an% te properity o. te o!e &o$$unity5 !ie a reort &o$p!e4 .or tourit or ouin, proe&t#In ter$ o. e4propriation an% te poer o. e$inent %o$ain: it i te ub$iion o. te Pro/in&eo. Ca$arine Sur tat !"s " $o!s!os o' " Co$s! Aa!a R'o La= 'R#A# No# 66?3+5 parti&u!ar!y

Se&tion 6? tereo.5 i& re@uire te appro/a! o. te Depart$ent o. A,rarian Re.or$ be.ore apar&e! o. !an% &an be re&!ai.ie% .ro$ an a,ri&u!tura! to a non-a,ri&u!tura! !an%#

Se&tion 1 o. .s. ooa2# 0as"o 0. R>s

&a%"s/Te &ontro/ery tarte% it te .i!in, o. a &o$p!aint it te ten Court o. A,rarian

Re!ation5 Se/ent Re,iona! Ditri&t5


16/23

Repon%ent Hu%,e5 oe/er5 iue% an or%er %ate% Hu!y 75 13 i&5 a&&or%in, topetitioner5 i &!ear!y &ontrary to te !etter an% pirit o. te a.ore&ite% !a#

Te Court iue% te .o!!oin, reo!ution erein te Court Reo!/e% itout ,i/in, %ue&oure to te petition to re@uire te repon%ent to &o$$ent5 not to .i!e a $otion to %i$i5itin ten '0+ %ay .ro$ noti&e# Te Court .urter Reo!/e% to iue a te$porary retrainin,or%er5 e..e&ti/e a o. ti %ate an% &ontinuin, unti! oterie or%ere% by te Court# Te

&o$$ent a terea.ter ub$itte% by pri/ate repon%ent Luirino Autria an% "u&iano Autria#Pri/ate repon%ent tre tat i!e tere $ay be bai .or te a!!e,ation tat

repon%ent Hu%,e *!* o" 'o##o= 0s!*"!a# D% No. 7 te $atter i ti!! ube&t to i.ina! %ipoition5 e a/in, been /ete% it te ori,ina! an% &o$petent autority to e4er&ie i

u%i&ia! %i&retion in te !i,t o. te &ontitutiona! pro/iion#

Iss-(s)/# Beter or not te %e&iion an% &ontention o. Huti&e Reye in&ontra/enin, te

petition o. N;A re,ar%in, teir interpretation o. (ut &o$penation* i /a!i%#

#*/

# No5 te %e&iion an% &ontention o. Huti&e Reye in &ontra/enin, te petition o. teN;A re,ar%in, teir interpretation o. (ut &o$penation* i NOT /a!i%#

Te &ourt ou!% re&o,nie tat te ru!e intro%u&e% by P#D# No# 36 an% reiterate% inube@uent %e&ree %oe not upet te etab!ie% &on&ept o. uti&e or te &ontitutiona!pro/iion on ut &o$penation .or5 pre&ie!y5 te oner i a!!oe% to $ae i on /a!uation o. i property# Bate/er i tipu!ate% in te pro/iion o. te prei%entia! %e&ree re,ar%in, (ut&o$penation*5 i. &ou&e% in &!ear an% une@ui/o&a! ter$5 $ut be app!ie% an% interprete% byte Court a it i# Te .un&tion o. te u%i&iary in $atter o. (ut &o$penation* ou!% be teapp!i&ation o. te &!ear pro/iion# Te %e&ree a/in, poen o &!ear!y an% une@ui/o&a!!y5 &a!!.or obe%ien&e# It i repeatin, a &o$$on p!a&e to tate tat on a $atter ere te app!i&ab!e !apea in no un&ertain !an,ua,e5 te Court a no &oi&e e4&ept to yie!% to it &o$$an%#

Tere.ore5 Huti&e Reye &annot &!ai$ /a!i%!y tat te ru!e on (ut &o$penation* a been,ro!y taen out o. &onte4t5 .or te pro/iion i &!ear in $atter o. it %e.inite $eanin,#

In /ie o. te ur,en&y o. te ouin, prob!e$ te /ariou %e&ree $entione% ear!ier ereiue% .or te purpoe o. aurin, tat te ,o/ern$ent ou!% be in a .inan&ia! poition to &opeit u& bai& u$an nee% i& in te Pi!ippine5 un%er te e!.are tate &on&ept5 an%a&&or%in, to te e4pre !an,ua,e o. te Contitution5 i an ob!i,ation &at upon te State#

1.RE0BLIC s. CA (-s" Co$sa"!o)

)#R# No# G6?3 Hu!y 25 2002

FACTS:

Petitioner 'PIA+ intitute% e4propriation pro&ee%in, &o/erin, a tota! o. ?GG510 @uare $eter


17/23

o. &onti,uou !an% ituate% a!on, Ma&Artur ;i,ay5 Ma!o!o5


18/23

Fun%a$enta! to te in%epen%ent e4iten&e o. a State5 it re@uire no re&o,nition by teContitution5 oe pro/iion are taen a bein, $ere!y &on.ir$atory o. it preen&e an% abein, re,u!atory5 at $ot5 in te %ue e4er&ie o. te poer# In te an% o. te !e,i!ature5 tepoer i inerent5 it &ope $at&in, tat o. ta4ation5 e/en tat o. po!i&e poer ite!.5 in $anyrepe&t# It rea&e to e/ery .or$ o. property te State nee% .or pub!i& ue an%5 a an o!% &aeo put it5 a!! eparate interet o. in%i/i%ua! in property are e!% un%er a ta&it a,ree$ent or

i$p!ie% reer/ation /etin, upon te o/erei,n te ri,t to reu$e te poeion o. teproperty ene/er te pub!i& interet o re@uire it#

Te ubi@uitou &ara&ter o. e$inent %o$ain i $ani.et in te nature o. te e4propriationpro&ee%in,# E4propriation pro&ee%in, are not a%/eraria! in te &on/entiona! ene5 .or te&on%e$nin, autority i not re@uire% to aert any &on.!i&tin, interet in te property# Tu5 by.i!in, te a&tion5 te &on%e$nor in e..e&t $ere!y er/e noti&e tat it i tain, tit!e an%poeion o. te property5 an% te %e.en%ant aert tit!e or interet in te property5 not topro/e a ri,t to poeion5 but to pro/e a ri,t to &o$penation .or te tain,#

Ob/iou!y5 oe/er5 te poer i not itout it !i$it: .irt5 te tain, $ut be .or pub!i& ue5an% e&on%5 tat ut &o$penation $ut be ,i/en to te pri/ate oner o. te property# Teetin pro&ription a/e teir ori,in in te re&o,nition o. te ne&eity .or a&ie/in, ba!an&ebeteen te State interet5 on te one an%5 an% pri/ate ri,t5 upon te oter an%5 bye..e&ti/e!y retrainin, te .or$er an% a..or%in, prote&tion to te !atter# In %eter$inin, (pub!i&ue5* to approa&e are uti!ie% - te .irt i pub!i& e$p!oy$ent or te a&tua! ue by te pub!i&5an% te e&on% i pub!i& a%/anta,e or bene.it# It i a!o ue.u! to /ie te $atter a bein,ube&t to &ontant ,rot5 i& i to ay tat a o&iety a%/an&e5 it %e$an% upon tein%i/i%ua! o in&reae5 an% ea& %e$an% i a ne ue to i& te reour&e o. te in%i/i%ua!$ay be %e/ote%#

Te e4propriate% property a been on to be .or te &ontinue% uti!iation by te PIA5 ai,ni.i&ant portion tereo. bein, &e%e% .or te e4panion o. te.a&i!itie o. te


19/23

poer o. e$inent %o$ain i not5 tri&t!y peain,5 a poer o. e$inent5 but on!y o. in.erior5%o$ain or on!y a broa% or &on.ine% a te rea! autority ou!% ant it to be#

Tu5 in Va!%euea /# Repub!i& ere te pri/ate !an%oner a% re$aine% unpai% ten yeara.ter te ter$ination o. te e4propriation pro&ee%in,5 ti Court ru!e% -

(Te point in %ipute are eter u& pay$ent &an ti!! be $a%e an%5 i. o5 in at a$ount#Sai% !ot a/e been te ube&t o. e4propriation pro&ee%in,#


20/23

poeion o. te property#

Te &ontitutiona! !i$itation o. (ut &o$penation* i &oni%ere% to be te u$ e@ui/a!ent to te$aret /a!ueo. te property5 broa%!y %e&ribe% to be te pri&e .i4e% by te e!!er in open $aretin te uua! an% or%inary &oure o. !e,a! a&tion an% &o$petition or te .air /a!ue o. te property

a beteen one o re&ei/e5 an% one o %eire to e!!5 it .i4e% at te ti$e o. te a&tua!tain, by te ,o/ern$ent# Tu5 i. property i taen .or pub!i& ue be.ore &o$penation i%epoite% it te &ourt a/in, uri%i&tion o/er te &ae5 te .ina! &o$penation $ut in&!u%einteret on it ut /a!ue to be &o$pute% .ro$ te ti$e te property i taen to te ti$e en&o$penation i a&tua!!y pai% or %epoite% it te &ourt# In .ine5 beteen te tain, o. teproperty an% te a&tua! pay$ent5 !e,a! interet a&&rue in or%er to p!a&e te oner in a poitiona ,oo% a 'but not better tan+ te poition e a in be.ore te tain, o&&urre%#

Te


21/23

Te


22/23

Te .irt e!e&tion un%er te &o%e ere e!% May o. 112# Au,ut 1125 COME"ECpro/i%e%,ui%e!ine .or te o!%in, o. te ,enera! e!e&tion .or te SK on Sept# 7051125 i& a!op!a&e% te SK e!e&tion un%er te %ire&t &ontro! an% uper/iion o. DI")5 it te te&ni&a!aitan&e o. COME"EC# A.ter potpone$ent5 tey eree!% De&e$ber G5 112#Re,itration in 6 %itri&t o. Mani!a a &on%u&te%# ?25767 peop!e a,e% ?-2re,itere%5?53G1 o. te$ .i!in, &erti.i&ate% o. &an%i%a&y# Te City Coun&i! pae%te ne&eary

appropriation .or te e!e&tion#Septe$ber 5 112 Te DI")5 trou, A!unan5 iue% a !etter-reo!utione4e$ptin, Mani!a.ro$ o!%in, SK e!e&tion be&aue te e!e&tion pre/iou!y e!% onMay 265 110 ere tobe &oni%ere% te .irt SK e!e&tion un%er te ne ")C# DI")a&te% on a !etter by Santia,o5a&tin, Prei%ent o. te K< 'Kabataan,


23/23

$ayor te autority to &a!!e!e&tion tu5 te 110 K< e!e&tion ere not nu!! an% /oi%.or bein,&on%u&te% itout autority#o Te &ontention o. /io!ation o. te e@ua! prote&tion &!aue &ou!% not be%eter$ine% .ro$ tere&or% o. ti &ae# Te $ere oin, tat tere ereoter baran,ay tat e!% K< e!e&tion%urin, te et perio% but ere note4e$pte% .ro$ te 112 SK e!e&tion i not u..i&ient to pro/etat /io!ation#An arti&!e in $ani!a

consti 2 digests 1 (1)

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